Influenza-like illnesses in senegal: not only focus on influenza viruses.

International audienceInfluenza surveillance in African countries was initially restricted to the identification of circulating strains. In Senegal, the network has recently been enhanced (i) to include epidemiological data from Dakar and other regions and (ii) to extend virological surveillance to other respiratory viruses. Epidemiological data from the sentinel sites is transmitted daily by mobile phone. The data include those for other febrile syndromes similar to influenza-like illnesses (ILI), corresponding to integrated approach. Also, clinical samples are randomly selected and analyzed for influenza and other respiratory viruses. There were 101,640 declared visits to the 11 sentinel sites between week 11-2012 and week 35-2013; 22% of the visits were for fever syndromes and 23% of the cases of fever syndrome were ILI. Influenza viruses were the second most frequent cause of ILI (20%), after adenoviruses (21%) and before rhinoviruses (18%) and enteroviruses (15%). Co-circulation and co-infection were frequent and were responsible for ILI peaks. The first months of implementation of the enhanced surveillance system confirmed that viruses other the influenza make large contributions to influenza-like illnesses. It is therefore important to consider these etiologies in the development of strategies to reduce respiratory infections. More informative tools and research studies are required to assess the burden of respiratory infections in developing countries

Data from Dakar by week, 2012–2013.

<p>Data from Dakar by week, 2012–2013.</p

Distribution of the visits by sentinel site and by age groups from opening date to week 35-2013, Senegal.

<p>* number of visits by age group reported to number of all the visit by sentinel site.</p

Virus co-infections between week 11-2012 and week 35-2013 in Senegal.

<p>Virus co-infections between week 11-2012 and week 35-2013 in Senegal.</p

Distribution of the visits and syndromes counts and percentage, by sentinel sites, from opening date to week 35-2013 included.

<p>* number of visit by sentinel site reported to the number of all the visits.</p><p>** number of syndromes reported to the number of visits by sentinel site.</p><p>*** number of syndromes reported to the number of febril syndromes by sentinel site.</p><p># number of confirmed malaria cases reported to the number of the suspected malaria cases by sentinel site.</p

Location of the sentinel sites in Senegal 2013.

<p>Location of the sentinel sites in Senegal 2013.</p

Mean daily visit counts in the sentinel surveillance network in Senegal and daily sentinel surveillance time series plots (%) of total visits for fever, daily visit counts and total ILI for daily total fever syndromes with the moving average (over 10 days – red curve), from Week 11-2012 to Week 35-2013.

<p>Mean daily visit counts in the sentinel surveillance network in Senegal and daily sentinel surveillance time series plots (%) of total visits for fever, daily visit counts and total ILI for daily total fever syndromes with the moving average (over 10 days – red curve), from Week 11-2012 to Week 35-2013.</p

Virus distribution according with sentinel sites between week 11-2012 and week 35-2013 in Senegal.

<p>Virus distribution according with sentinel sites between week 11-2012 and week 35-2013 in Senegal.</p

Distribution of the influenza-like illnesses by sentinel site and by age groups from opening date to week 35-2013, Senegal.

<p>* number of ILI reported to the total number of ILI.</p><p>**number of ILI reported to the number of all ILI by sentinel site.</p><p># number of ILI reported to the number of visits by sentinel site et age group.</p