Analytical Support for Analysis of Efficiency of an Enterprise’s Export-Import Activity

Efficiency of the foreign economic activity of Ukraine depends on efficiency of export-import activity of enterprises. Therefore, solving problems of managing this activity in an enterprise should have a scientific basis and involve using modern analytical support of management functions. The aim of the article is presenting the results of a study aimed at improving mathematical tools in particular and analytical support in general as well as an analysis of efficiency of industrial enterprises’ export-import activity. The object of the research is the process of developing analytical support for the analysis. The main methods for developing the analytical support are an improved method for calculating the integral indicator of efficiency of an enterprise’s export-import activity and the integral indicator of structural dynamic pattern of its efficiency. The article also substantiates the system of criteria for measuring efficiency of an enterprise’s export-import activity. For assessing the dynamic pattern of structural shifts in efficiency of export-import activity, it is recommended to analyze the time series of the criteria and justify the reference ratio of the orders of the rates of their changes, i.e., the structural dynamic reference. Comparing the two rank ordering – the actual and the reference one, we obtain consistency in the dynamic pattern of development of export-import activity. The integral coefficient is calculated on the basis of the Spearman and Kendall rank correlation coefficients. The logic of the stages of the methodological approach to calculating the structural indicator of efficiency of an enterprise’s export-import activity is given. The practical implementation of the proposals is demonstrated using as an example statistical data of OJSC “Turboatom”. The calculations were carried out in the Excel environment. The advantages of the proposals are the consideration in the process of analyzing this activity of both the level of its efficiency and structural dynamic pattern during the period under study. The implementation of the proposed analytical support will make it possible to develop more effective measures to eliminate the problems of managing efficiency of export-import activity and comprehensively form strategies for developing this activity in enterprises

Innovation Development of an Enterprise: Modeling Dynamics

At the present stage of economic development, the leading role in ensuring the competitiveness of both an singular enterprise and the country as a whole, as well as in creating conditions for the transition to sustainable development, is played by the successful implementation of the latest scientific developments in production processes, comprehensive support for the strategy of innovative development. The development and implementation of innovations is a complex dynamic process that requires the use of special research methods. Such a method is system dynamics, which makes it possible to take into account the nonlinearity of the impact of innovation on the state of the economy. The paper considers the methodology for building a model for managing innovation processes, taking into account the self-organization of the logistic type. The main danger that can accompany the evolution of innovation processes is the emergence of unacceptable dynamic modes, so one of the tasks of the study was to determine the conditions capable of ensuring the stability of equilibrium states of a complex dynamic system according to the proposed models. The object of research is a complex dynamic system, between the elements of which there is both positive and negative feedback. To build a model of the dynamics of innovation processes, the mathematical apparatus of the theory of differential equations was applied, which made it possible to consider the development of the innovation process in continuous time. With the help of the instrumentarium of nonlinear dynamics, a study of the stability of diffusion of innovations depending on the parameters of the control influence was carried out. The conditions for the transition of the system to a critical state, which may be accompanied by the occurrence of bifurcations and chaos, have been determined. Particular attention was paid to determining the structural stability of the regulated innovation process in the case when both equilibrium positions are close in terms of parameter values. It is expedient to apply the proposed model to solve the problem of innovation management both at the State level and at the level of an individual industry or an individual enterprise. The obtained theoretical conclusions were confirmed through the use of simulation modeling

The Provisions of the Conception of Transformation of the Innovative Development of Export-Import Activities of Economic Entities in the Wartime and Post-War Conditions

The article is aimed at forming provisions of the conception of transformation of the innovative development of export-import activity of economic entities (EIAEE), taking into account research by scientists and practitioners, current legislative orders of the State in the sphere of economy, practices of functioning and development of this activity, substantiation of expediency of implementation of these provisions in the wartime and post-war conditions. The article briefly analyzes the state of economy in Ukraine in the current conditions. A grouping of conceptions of innovative development by directions is provided. The concepts of «development» and «innovative development» are closer defined. The following provisions of the conception of transformation of innovative development of export-import activity of economic entities under conditions of limited activity are substantiated: 1) in the conditions of wartime and in the post-war period, the assistance of developed countries and international organizations accelerates the innovative development of the EIAEE in Ukraine; 2) government management of investments promotes innovative development of export-import activities; 3) transformation of innovation development of the EIAEE will take place in several stages; 4) with the help of innovative development of the EIAEE, a systemic economic strategy for the country’s recovery is successfully implemented; 5) government support for the development of entrepreneurial activity contributes to the innovative development of the EIAEE; 6) new signs of innovative development of the EIAEE are the training through export, digitalization of this activity, innovative competitiveness of human capital, increase of innovatively active enterprises, differentiation of the origin of investments and verification of their purity, transition in international trade from off-shoring to friend-shoring, establishment of criteria for determining friendly investments; 7) the results of evaluation, analysis, diagnostics, monitoring of innovative development of the EIAEE create an analytical basis for wartime risk insurance instruments, which is one of the prerequisites for attracting foreign direct investment; 8) formation of a sufficient level of export-import potential ensures innovative development of the EIAEE and its sustainability; 9) in the process of international scientific and technical cooperation, innovative development of the EIAEE is carried out; 10) management of innovation development of the EIAEE consists in choosing the best option for this development; 11) competitiveness ensures the innovative development of the EIAEE. These provisions create a scientific basis for the development of effective management programs, measures at all levels of management both in the war and the post-war situation

Solving the Multi-Criteria Optimization Task of Efficiency of Enterprise’s Performance with Use of the Genetic Algorithm

The article sets out the procedure of solving the multi-criteria optimization task of performance efficiency with use of the genetic algorithm. An analysis of the main computational algorithms of the interactive methods for the multi-criteria optimization has been provided, their advantages and disadvantages have been specified. A multi-criteria optimization model of efficiency of the enterprise’s performance has been presented, based on balanced scorecard and taking into consideration the functions of changes of the values of these indicators during the research period, as well as the relevant regular tendencies in the changes of these indicators. In the task, a multitude of Pareto solutions was found, using the software of MatLab environment, more precisely: implementing the procedure of Multiobjective optimization using Genetic Algorithm, based on the genetic algorithm. The optimal values of indicators have been suggested to be used as the basis for a comparative evaluation and strategizing activities of enterprise

Solving the Problems of Multicriteriality in Assessing the Enterprise Activity on the Basis of Multicriteria Optimization Methods

The expediency of using multicriteria optimization methods for solving multicriteria problems in evaluation of the enterprise activity is substantiated. The analysis of modern methods of multicriteria optimization is carried out. Various classification characteristics of multi-core optimization problems are considered. There carried out a detailed analysis of such methods of multicriteria optimization as without participation of decision-makers; based on the scalar convolution of the criteria into one; using a criterion constraint; method of the main criterion; successive concessions method; targeted programming; method where the principle of guaranteed result is applied; the method of Steuer and Choo; STEM; using fuzzy logic; FFANN; methods that use genetic algorithms for simulation models. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered methods of solving the problems of multicriteria evaluation of the enterprise activity based on the balanced system of indicators are singled out. The existence of a large set of methods for solving MOP in modeling a balanced system of indicators provides ample opportunities for managing the enterprise activity. The article proposes a metamodel of multicriteria optimization of a balanced system of indicators for the enterprise activity evaluation

The Strategy for Efficiency of Using the Export-Import Potential

The purpose of the article is to study the efficiency of using the export-import potential in the current conditions of limited activity and to form the theoretical, informational and analytical support for the relevant strategy. The article briefly analyzes the current state of the economy in the country. Based on the generalization of opinions of leading scholars and practical activities of economic entities, the main characterizations of the conditions limiting their activities are presented. Formation of a strategy for the efficient use of export-import potential involves the development of information support, which be based on an appropriate system of indicators reflecting the status, use and factors influencing this potential. The analytical support for the strategy development includes an analysis of trends of changes in the values of indicators of the efficiency of the use of export and import potential, which is recommended to be carried out using descriptive statistics. In forming a strategy, it is important to determine the relationship between trends in the changes of values of indicators of efficiency of the use of export-import potential in assessing the levels of factors influencing efficiency and planning and forecasting the values of these indicators. It is recommended to add to the analytical method of determining the mechanism of interrelation of trends in the development of factors influencing the efficiency of the use of export-import potential the following stages: diagnosing trends in time series of indicators using the descriptive statistics tools, determining the relationship between the factors of influence and identifying the most significant factors using multivariate factor analysis, diagnosing the stationarity of time series, testing the hypothesis of cointegration of time series using the Engel-Granger criterion. This logic of applying mathematical tools contributes to the scientific substantiation of the strategy for the efficient use of export-import potential and the identification of new knowledge about this potential