Erosion-corrosion of Cr3C2-Ni cermets in salt water

Chromium carbide based cermets are popular materials in different industrial applications due to their unique properties. These materials have outstanding erosion resistance up to 1000 °C and excellent oxidation resistance up to 850 °C. Their corrosion resistance in different corroding mediums is favorably higher than that of conventional WC hard metals or stainless steel. These materials can be applied as coatings with properties comparable to bulk materials. In this work different regimes with prevailing role of erosion or corrosion processes were found. Erosion-corrosion maps for material selection were constructed and discussed. The weight loss of the samples during simultaneous effect of corrosion and wear processes was found to be complicated and cannot be evaluated as simple summation of these two processes. SEM study of material surfaces before and after erosion-corrosion tests were conducted and the prevailing mechanisms of the material behaviour were evaluated

Circular economy approach to recycling technologies of post-consumer textile waste in Estonia: a review

Circular economy and recycling of post-consumer textile waste is gaining momentum. Its major obstacle is low-quality recycled products. This review article analyses commercial post-consumer textile materials, their recycling and applications. Modernization of fibre processing and recycling technology has assumed an indispensable role in the quality enhancement of post-consumer products. A futuristic overview of fabric materials, their processing, recycling and applications is presented by the example of commercial polymers. Different types of recycling â primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, and biological â used with ultramodern compatibilization and cross-linking are explored. Additionally, the conventional and proposed âJust-in-Timeâ (JIT) remanufacturing and recycling technologies for enhancing circular economy are demonstrated

Analysis of the reciprocal wear testing of Aluminum AA1050 processed by a novel mechanical nanostructuring technique

This research aims to investigate the impact of a novel technique in mechanical nanostructuring on the wear resistance of materials. This technique with the name of High Pressure Torsion Extrusion (HPTE) can produce bulk nanostructured materials with enhanced mechanical properties. Results of microstructural analysis and microhardness testing showed significant enhancement in materials after HPTE. Microstructural characterization by using Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) method illustrated the presence of Ultra-Fine Grained (UFG) materials in the specimens Analysis of the wear by implementing reciprocal wear testing revealed that the amount of displaced volume markedly decreased after processing. This change in the wear behavior can be explained by referring to the hardness increase and the reduction of plasticity in materials which confined the plastic shearing and diminished the built-up edge around the wear track

The Effect of Zinc Oxide on DLP Hybrid Composite Manufacturability and Mechanical-Chemical Resistance

The widespread use of epoxy resin (ER) in industry, owing to its excellent properties, aligns with the global shift toward greener resources and energy-efficient solutions, where utilizing metal oxides in 3D printed polymer parts can offer extended functionalities across various industries. ZnO concentrations in polyurethane acrylate composites impacted adhesion and thickness of DLP samples, with 1 wt.% achieving a thickness of 3.99 ± 0.16 mm, closest to the target thickness of 4 mm, while 0.5 wt.% ZnO samples exhibited the lowest deviation in average thickness (±0.03 mm). Tensile stress in digital light processed (DLP) composites with ZnO remained consistent, ranging from 23.29 MPa (1 wt.%) to 25.93 MPa (0.5 wt.%), with an increase in ZnO concentration causing a reduction in tensile stress to 24.04 MPa and a decrease in the elastic modulus to 2001 MPa at 2 wt.% ZnO. The produced DLP samples, with their good corrosion resistance in alkaline environments, are well-suited for applications as protective coatings on tank walls. Customized DLP techniques can enable their effective use as structural or functional elements, such as in Portland cement concrete walls, floors and ceilings for enhanced durability and performance.</p

The effect of microstructure evolution on the wear behavior of tantalum processed by Indirect Extrusion Angular Pressing

This article studies the evolution of microstructure and the wear resistance in tantalum processed by a newly developed Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) technique called Indirect Extrusion Angular Pressing (IEAP). The microstructure and tribological behavior of nanostructured tantalum processed by IEAP were analyzed in this work. The samples were extruded for two, five, and twelve passes of IEAP and then exposed to ball-on-disk wear testing in dry sliding conditions. It was shown that after twelve IEAP passes, an extensive grain refinement down to 500 nm was achieved, hardness increased, and a high dislocation density formed in the material. The wear resistance of the material improved successively after each pass of IEAP, and the wear rate decreased, although the friction coefficient did not change. Evaluation of the morphology of the wear tracks showed that the dominant wear mechanisms were comprised of galling, adhesive wear, pitting and microplowing. Refinement of the microstructure by IEAP led to a reduction in adhesive wear and pitting while a slight increase in oxidation appeared. Comparison of the results of wear testing between tantalum against steel balls and tantalum against alumina balls showed that the presence of alumina generated a larger portion of adhesive wear, making the wear mechanism more complicated while the tantalum-steel pair presented milder wear

Some views on the erosion-corrosion response of bulk chromium carbide based cermets

Chromium carbide/nickel based composites are applicable in many environments involving tribo-corrosion due to their combined ability to resist wear and corrosion. Hence, they are candidate materials for use either in bulk as surface coatings in crude oil (offshore) or in power and marine industries. The aim of this work was to study the effect of material parameters such as composition and surface roughness, together with test conditions such as abrasive particle concentration, applied potential, temperature and time of experiment on the performance of chromium carbide based cermets. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests were carried out as part of this work. SEM studies were also conducted to establish the mechanisms of the material degradation processes. Finally, erosion-corrosion maps were constructed based on the results. Material wastage, synergy and regime maps were developed for these materials and demonstrated that the performance of the cermet depends on the interplay of material and process variables

Interaction between particle erosion, aqueous corrosion and binder content in chromium carbide based cermets at room temperatures

Paper examining the interaction between particle erosion, aqueous corrosion and binder content in chromium carbide based cermets at room temperatures