セイ ノ タヨウセイ ニ カンスル キョウイク ジッセン ノ コクサイ ヒカク

本研究は，日本内外の性の多様性に関する教育実践の特徴をつかみ，その比較によって，海外にはない日本の独自性と，海外から日本に取り入れることの応用可能性を見出すことが目的であった。方法は文献レビューとし，日本と，海外の中でも先進的な内容かつ，WEB上に公開され，参照が容易であるアムステルダム，アメリカ，スコットランド，オンタリオのそれぞれの実践案と対応指針に関する文献を対象とした。結果，日本の実践の方法は，①批判的思考の訓練，②知識の獲得，③技術と態度の改善，④実体験の理解のいくつかの要素で構成されていることがわかった。海外では，より学級や学校の風土に関与し，周囲を支援者であるアライとして巻き込んでいく方法がとられやすいと考えられた。日本における実践の独自性は「性の多様性に対する理解の促進」に関する実践，海外からの応用可能性は「学校内外の環境への働きかけ」に関する実践であった。This study aimed to reveal the uniqueness of Japanese educational practices in the field of sexual diversity and to explore the applicability of foreign practices to the Japanese educational system. Reports on actual practices and the related policies of Japan, Netherlands, and the United States, Scotland, and Canada were reviewed for the accessibility of their documents online as well as for their advancement in the field. Elements such as 1) critical thinking training, 2) knowledge acquisition, 3) improvement of skills and attitude, and 4) understanding of real experiences were found to constitute Japanese educational practices. Foreign practices were unique in their promotion of engagement in the classroom or school environment to facilitate the involvement of related people as allies. In short, the uniqueness of Japanese educational practices lay in the promotion of the understanding of sexual and gender diversity, and the applicability of foreign education practices was found relevant to the approach to the environment within and outside of the school

クィア ペダゴジー オ ドウニュウシタ カウンセリング シンリガク ノ カノウセイ : カウンセラー ヨウセイ ニオケル ジッセン ノ タメ ノ リロン ケンキュウ

本研究では、クィア・ペダゴジーの実践としてBritzman（１９９５）とQuinlivan & Town（１９９９）を手がかりに、それらがいかにカウンセラー養成へ組みこめるかを検討し，さらに，実際の既存の心理的自助のコミュニティ活動を取り上げ，そこにクィア・ペダゴジーの実践の具体的な方法を見出し，クィア・カウンセリング心理学に向けた実践方法の可能性を探った。Britzman（１９９５）とQuinlivan & Town（１９９９）より、カウンセリング心理学へのクィア・ペダゴジーの導入の視点として、１）肯定的な場の創造，２）個別性への焦点化，３）二分性の解放，４）仲間関係の支援が見出され，さらにコミュニティ活動を踏まえて，１）前提を認識すること，２）カテゴライズを疑問視すること，３）実践の不可能性を知ること，４）理解不可能状態を知ること，５）異なる解釈方法を支持すること，これらの視点が見出された。In the current study, we investigated the incorporation of queer pedagogy in counselor training based on insights provided by Britzman (1999) and Quinlivan & Town (1995). In addition, we explored the practices that could potentially form Queer counseling psychology. We sought to identify a specific method of the practice based on queer pedagogy through an examination of actual community activities undertaken by a psychology self-help group. Regarding the introduction of queer pedagogy to counseling psychology, Britzman (1999) and Quinlivan & Town (1995) suggest the following points to be of importance: 1) creating positive venues, 2) acknowledging individuality, 3) removing the dichotomy between man and woman, and 4) assisting peer relations. Based on our examination of the community activities, the following points were found to be important: 1) recognizing the premise, 2) questioning the categories, 3) learning the barriers to practice, 4) acknowledging the incomprehensible state, and 5) facilitating the existence of different interpretations

Importance of “meal first” strategy and effective situations of supplement use in elite athletes: Japan high performance sport center position stand

The “meal first” strategy is traditionally recommended for athletes' conditioning. However, the importance of the “meal first” principle has not been detailly well documented in athletes' lives. Supplement use has recently become a common part of athletes' diets, but unmonitored supplement use can cause negative consequences, such as anti-doping violations and health issues. Therefore, this review summarizes how the “meal first” strategy and planned supplement use are important for enhancing athletes’ health and performance. We believe that the “meal first” strategy is beneficial in terms of the following aspects: (1) consumption of multi-nutrients and other functional components simultaneously; (2) positive effects on psychological well-being; (3) contribution to athletes' health by way of mastication; and (4) less risk for anti-doping violations. Before supplement use, we recommend that athletes first verify their basic factors (e.g., diet, training, and sleep), given that the benefits of supplements are examined and demonstrated with the control of those factors. Otherwise, athletes cannot obtain maximal benefits from the supplements. In contrast, there are situations in which supplements in athletes' lives can be advantageous, such as (1) nutrient deficiency due to ongoing dietary characteristics; (2) interruption of meals due to disease; (3) inaccessibility of quality food during athletic travel; (4) difficulty preparing food due to societal restrictions associated with disasters or infection outbreaks; (5) having a meal before, during, or after exercise is difficult; and (6) achieving targeted intake of performance-enhancing ingredients is not practical. In summary, we emphasize that the “meal first” strategy is recommended for athletes' conditioning, but there are several contexts when supplement use can be more useful in athletes' lives

Human immune and gut microbial parameters associated with inter-individual variations in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced immunity

COVID-19 mRNA vaccines induce protective adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in most individuals, but there is wide variation in levels of vaccine-induced antibody and T-cell responses. However, the mechanisms underlying this inter-individual variation remain unclear. Here, using a systems biology approach based on multi-omics analyses of human blood and stool samples, we identified several factors that are associated with COVID-19 vaccine-induced adaptive immune responses. BNT162b2-induced T cell response is positively associated with late monocyte responses and inversely associated with baseline mRNA expression of activation protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factors. Interestingly, the gut microbial fucose/rhamnose degradation pathway is positively correlated with mRNA expression of AP-1, as well as a gene encoding an enzyme producing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which promotes AP-1 expression, and inversely correlated with BNT162b2-induced T-cell responses. These results suggest that baseline AP-1 expression, which is affected by commensal microbial activity, is a negative correlate of BNT162b2-induced T-cell responses.journal articl

Total energy expenditure in elite open-water swimmers

This study aimed to examine the total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) of elite open-water swimmers. Our study group included five world-class competitive open-water swimmers. TEE was measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method for 1 week. The TEE was 4549Âą1185 kcal/day. The PAL was 3.22Âą0.46. Our results may provide a reference to optimize energy requirement support.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author