Diachronic tree of computer terms

© 2019, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved. The purpose of the article is to obtain specific theoretical and practical results in examining a specially selected lexical array. Namely, the selection of a specific array of English words of computer terminology, tracing their development over a certain period of time in the corresponding dictionaries, the analysis of the available results, creation of the concept of diachronic development of these words and combinations with them, and revealing the general patterns of such development. The main results of the diachronic study of computer terms on the material of the Anglo-Russian language pair are given

Diachronic tree of computer terms

© 2019, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved. The purpose of the article is to obtain specific theoretical and practical results in examining a specially selected lexical array. Namely, the selection of a specific array of English words of computer terminology, tracing their development over a certain period of time in the corresponding dictionaries, the analysis of the available results, creation of the concept of diachronic development of these words and combinations with them, and revealing the general patterns of such development. The main results of the diachronic study of computer terms on the material of the Anglo-Russian language pair are given

Some approaches to translation of professional terms abbreviation in materials science

The dynamic growth of international collaboration in the scientific and professional spheres leads to a wave-like increase in the volume of translations of professional and scientific texts and determines the relevance of the problem under study. Translators have problems translating abbreviations of professional terms. This paper analyzes the ways of translating English abbreviations in the field of materials science. As research methods, we used, among other things, the analysis of methods of translating English abbreviations into Russian, the study of articles in the field of materials science, the collection of data on abbreviations of professional terms and the comparison of the ways of translation of abbreviations of professional terms in the texts of materials science. The article reveals the features of the ways of translating abbreviations of professional terms in materials science texts. The main results of the research work are the identification of problems of translation of English abbreviations that the translator faces in the field of materials science, and the determination of the use frequency of one or another translation method. The materials of the article can be useful for researchers in this field, physics students and translators of scientific and technical texts

Paradigms in construction terminology

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article is devoted to the consideration of the admissibility of lexical and semantic relations in terminology, about the phenomena of synonymy, polysemy and homonymy in the term system of construction, which is one of the controversial in modern terminology and has repeatedly become the subject of research by Russian linguists. The authors focus on the concept of the term as a system. It is noted that the consistency of terminology is an organic synthesis of extralinguistic and actually linguistic factors that the term is systematic, since it is included in the system of concepts of a certain field of knowledge and it is in the system that displays all the properties of the term. The main attention is paid to the consideration of the processes of paradigmatic system taking place in the modern terminological system of the construction industry, and it is proved that the terms (as well as commonly used units of the language) are subject to various lexical and semantic processes. The most active type of paradigmatic relationship is synonymy. In the studied terminology there is also a terminological ambiguity, the basic mechanisms of development of which are isomorphic

The urgency of considering "false friends of a translator" for construction specialists

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. Construction employees are required to have good knowledge of foreign language professional terms. The survey of higher school students revealed the fact of their being reluctant to the issues of good knowledge of terminology and safety in future professional activities. They should be able to cope with homonyms that may cause confusion. Therefore, the research considers 'false friends of a translator' taking account of their similarities or differences in the pronunciation, meaning and spelling in English and Russian. To realize this aim the authors empirically surveyed two groups of a higher school final-year students to contribute to their language development through good knowledge of terms. The research was conducted on the base of comparison, observation and empirical methods and the teaching-practicing-controlling approach. The results obtained show that proper educating the future specialists to the use of the lexical units under consideration correctly can improve their professional growth and safety. The results can be used in language teaching practice, in making dictionaries for special purposes, as well as for making some possible contribution to terminology science