Dual Superconformal Symmetry of N=2{\cal N}=2 Chern-Simons theory with Fundamental Matter at Large NN

Dual conformal symmetry and Yangian symmetry are symmetries of amplitudes that have aided the study of scattering amplitudes in highly supersymmetric theories like ${\cal N}=4$ SYM and ABJM. However, in general such symmetries are absent from the theories with lesser or no supersymmetry. In this paper, we show that the tree level $2\to 2$ scattering amplitude in the 3d ${\cal N}=2$ Chern-Simons theory coupled to a fundamental chiral multiplet is dual superconformal invariant. In the 't Hooft large $N$ limit, the $2\to 2$ scattering amplitude in this theory has been shown to be tree-level exact in non-anyonic channels, while having only an overall multiplicative coupling dependent renormalisation in the anyonic channel. Therefore, the dual superconformal symmetry that we demonstrate in this paper is all loop exact. This is unlike the previously studied highly supersymmetric theories where dual superconformal symmetry is anomalous at loop levels. Furthermore, we reverse the argument to study the extent to which dual superconformal invariance fixes the scattering amplitude in an ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric theory. We demonstrate that requiring the dual superconformal invariance completely fixes the momentum dependence of the $2\to2$ amplitude, while the coupling constant dependence remain unfixed. Further, we use a combination of parity invariance, unitarity and self-duality of the amplitude to constrain the coupling dependence of scattering amplitude.Comment: V2 Published versio

Dual Superconformal Symmetry of \u3cem\u3eN\u3c/em\u3e = 2 Chern-Simons Theory with Fundamental Matter at Large \u3cem\u3eN\u3c/em\u3e

Dual conformal symmetry and Yangian symmetry are symmetries of amplitudes that have aided the study of scattering amplitudes in highly supersymmetric theories like N = 4 SYM and ABJM. However, in general such symmetries are absent from the theories with lesser or no supersymmetry. In this paper, we show that the tree level 2 → 2 scattering amplitude in the 3d N = 2 Chern-Simons theory coupled to a fundamental chiral multiplet is dual superconformal invariant. In the ’t Hooft large N limit, the 2 → 2 scattering amplitude in this theory has been shown to be tree-level exact in non-anyonic channels, while having only an overall multiplicative coupling dependent renormalisation in the anyonic channel. Therefore, the dual superconformal symmetry that we demonstrate in this paper is all loop exact. This is unlike the previously studied highly supersymmetric theories where dual superconformal symmetry is anomalous at loop levels. Furthermore, we reverse the argument to study the extent to which dual superconformal invariance fixes the scattering amplitude in an N = 2 supersymmetric theory. We demonstrate that requiring the dual superconformal invariance completely fixes the momentum dependence of the 2 → 2 amplitude, while the coupling constant dependence remain unfixed. Further, we use a combination of parity invariance, unitarity and self-duality of the amplitude to constrain the coupling dependence of scattering amplitude

The International Workshop on Osteoarthritis Imaging Knee MRI Segmentation Challenge: A Multi-Institute Evaluation and Analysis Framework on a Standardized Dataset

Purpose: To organize a knee MRI segmentation challenge for characterizing the semantic and clinical efficacy of automatic segmentation methods relevant for monitoring osteoarthritis progression. Methods: A dataset partition consisting of 3D knee MRI from 88 subjects at two timepoints with ground-truth articular (femoral, tibial, patellar) cartilage and meniscus segmentations was standardized. Challenge submissions and a majority-vote ensemble were evaluated using Dice score, average symmetric surface distance, volumetric overlap error, and coefficient of variation on a hold-out test set. Similarities in network segmentations were evaluated using pairwise Dice correlations. Articular cartilage thickness was computed per-scan and longitudinally. Correlation between thickness error and segmentation metrics was measured using Pearson's coefficient. Two empirical upper bounds for ensemble performance were computed using combinations of model outputs that consolidated true positives and true negatives. Results: Six teams (T1-T6) submitted entries for the challenge. No significant differences were observed across all segmentation metrics for all tissues (p=1.0) among the four top-performing networks (T2, T3, T4, T6). Dice correlations between network pairs were high (>0.85). Per-scan thickness errors were negligible among T1-T4 (p=0.99) and longitudinal changes showed minimal bias (<0.03mm). Low correlations (<0.41) were observed between segmentation metrics and thickness error. The majority-vote ensemble was comparable to top performing networks (p=1.0). Empirical upper bound performances were similar for both combinations (p=1.0). Conclusion: Diverse networks learned to segment the knee similarly where high segmentation accuracy did not correlate to cartilage thickness accuracy. Voting ensembles did not outperform individual networks but may help regularize individual models.Comment: Submitted to Radiology: Artificial Intelligence; Fixed typo

Development and Resolution of Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency after an Intra-Articular Steroid Injection

Corticosteroid injections are commonly indicated in inflammatory conditions involving the soft tissues, tendon sheaths, bursae, and joints. Local corticosteroids carry a lower risk of complications than systemic corticosteroid but may be systemically absorbed and subsequently suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This can cause secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) as well as iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome. We report a 78-year-old female who presented with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms after a recent intra-articular steroid injection in her shoulder. She had hyponatremia, low morning cortisol, and failed to respond to high-dose cosyntropin. Further workup revealed the underlying cause to be SAI. Follow-up testing revealed a recovery of HPA responsiveness within 2 weeks of her initial diagnosis. Conclusion. Our case highlights how the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) can be suppressed with intra-articular steroids. The threshold to test corticosteroid users for adrenal insufficiency should be low in clinical practice, especially for those patients with nonspecific symptoms after steroid injections. Once diagnosed, temporary treatment with steroids may be required

Peripheral giant cell granuloma recurring as an exclusively intra-osseous lesion: An unusual clinical presentation

Giant cell lesions of the jaws represent distinctive clinico-pathological spectrum. They manifest as peripheral and central lesions, occurring as solitary growths to involving multiple regions of the jaw. The present report presents a unique case of giant cell lesions of the jaws, wherein a peripheral giant cell granuloma recurred exclusively as a central giant cell lesion in a young patient. The recurrence was noted after a time-span of 3 years since the diagnosis and surgical excision of the peripheral lesion. Biochemical investigations were advised to rule out the possibility of hyperparathyroidism. Following a confirmed diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma, not associated with any other systemic conditions, an apt treatment plan was devised for an early rehabilitation of the patient

Oropharyngeal Candidosis in HIV-Infected Patients—An Update

Oropharyngeal candidosis (OPC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that is commonly found in HIV-infected patients, even in the twenty-first century. Candida albicans is the main pathogen, but other Candida species have been isolated. OPC usually presents months or years before other severe opportunistic infections and may indicate the presence or progression of HIV disease. The concept of OPC as a biofilm infection has changed our understanding of its pathobiology. Various anti-fungal agents (both topical and systemic) are available to treat OPC. However, anti-fungal resistance as a result of the long-term use of anti-fungal agents and recurrent oropharyngeal infection in AIDS patients require alternative anti-fungal therapies. In addition, both identifying the causative Candida species and conducting anti-fungal vulnerability testing can improve a clinician's ability to prescribe effective anti-fungal agents. The present review focuses on the current findings and therapeutic challenges for HIV-infected patients with OPC

Isometric Cranking and Steering Strength of Agricultural Workers in Central India

Hand cranking is the most common method of transferring power from human muscles to many stationery farm machines. On the other hand, steering torque is required for controlling tractors and other selfpropelled machines. A study was carried out to collect isometric cranking and steering strength on male as well as female agricultural workers in Madhya Pradesh. A strength measurement set-up developed at CIAE, Bhopal was used for the purpose. The mean age, stature and weight of 944 male workers were 29.8 ± 9.5 years, 1649 ± 59 mm and 51.2 ± 6.4 kg, respectively whereas the corresponding values for 757 female workers were 33.7 ± 8.2 years, 1519 ± 54 mm and 45.0 ± 7.3 kg. The mean values for isometric cranking strength in standing posture at a crank length of 265 mm by preferred hand and both hand operation were 44.1± 9.1 N.m and 50.6 ± 10.2 N.m, respectively for male workers and 31.9 ± 8.6 N.m and 37.3 ± 10.4 N.m, respectively for female workers. The mean values of steering strength in sitting posture with a steering wheel of 420 mm diameter at 700 from horizontal were 64.0± 18.8 and 40.5 ± 10.0 N.m for male and female workers, respectively. The isometric cranking and steering strengths of male workers were higher than those of female workers (p&lt;0.001). The 5th percentile cranking strength values for preferred hand and both hands were 29.2 and 33.8 N.m, respectively for male workers and 17.7 and 20.1 N.m, respectively for female workers. The 5th percentile steering strength was 33.1 and 24.0 N.m for male and female workers respectively. For continuous operation of hand crank operated machines, the cranking effort required for operation should not exceed 30% of the maximum static cranking strength by both hands. The maximum effort requirement for steering wheel (420 mm diameter) by male workers should not exceed 19.86 N-m.&nbsp; &nbsp

Recurrent juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst of the maxilla: a case report and review of literature

Juvenile ossifying fibroma is a benign fibro-osseous lesion commonly affecting the extra-gnathic craniofacial skeleton of the young individuals. The psammomatoid and trabecular variants are its two histopathological subtypes having distinctive clinico-pathological characteristics. Secondary aneurysmal bone cysts are frequently reported to arise in the pre-existing fibro-osseous lesions but rarely reported in the psammmomatoid variant of the juvenile ossifying fibroma. Such hybrid lesions, especially massive in size, tend to exhibit a greater aggressive growth potential and higher recurrence rate and mandate complete surgical removal of the lesion along with a long-term follow-up. The objective of this case report was to present a rare incident of recurrent psammomatoid ossifying fibroma associated with a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst in the maxillary jaw bone of a young patient and review the similar published reports in the English literature

Multidisciplinary strategies to treat severe hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus reduce inpatient mortality rate: Experience from an academic community hospital.

ObjectiveSevere hypoglycemia (blood glucose Research design and methodsWe performed retrospective review of pre- and post- intervention study to quantify severe hypoglycemia in patients admitted in the general internal medicine wards with primary or secondary diagnosis of diabetes mellitus based on ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. We implemented multidisciplinary interventions including standardization of treatment, education of in-patient medical teams and physician notification and feedback immediately after severe hypoglycemia. The endpoints were the comparative analysis of incidence of severe hypoglycemia, in-patient mortality rate, 30-day mortality rate, 30-day readmission rate, recovery time from hypoglycemia, time to next glucose measurements, use of standardized treatment and physician notification rate pre-and post-intervention.ResultsThe incidence of severe hypoglycemia per patient with diabetes was reduced from 9.6% (233/2416) to 5.6% (202/3607) (pConclusionsOur study shows that multidisciplinary strategies improves the process of early detection and management of severe hypoglycemia and reduce incidence and in-patient mortality rate

Correction: Multidisciplinary strategies to treat severe hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus reduce inpatient mortality rate: Experience from an academic community hospital.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220956.]