On the margins of minority life: Zoroastrians and the state in Safavid Iran

This article looks at the treatment of the Zoroastrians by central and provincial authorities in early modern Yazd, Kirman and Isfahan, emphasizing the institutional weaknesses of the central or khāsṣạ protection they were supposed to benefit from under the Safavids (907–1135/1501– 1722). It is argued that the maltreatment the Zoroastrians endured under the Safavids had little to do with religious bigotry. Rather, it arose from rivalries between the central and the provincial services of the Safavid bureaucracy, putting Zoroastrians in Yazd, Kirman, Sistan and Isfahan at risk of over-taxation, extortion, forced labour and religious persecution. The argument developed in this article pivots on the material interest of the central and the provincial agents of the Safavid bureaucracy in the revenue and labour potentials of the Zoroastrians, and the way in which the conflict of interest between these two sectors led to such acts of persecution as over-taxation, forced labour, extortion and violenc

Zād al-Maʻād.

Prayers and pious observances for shiʻīs on ordinary and special days throughout the year according to the practice of the Imams. This book is largely divided into sections dealing with specific months of the year. The work is extracted from the author's large work, Bahār al-Anwār. The main body of the text is in Persian; the prayers themselves are in Arabic, with Persian translation.This codex is undated, but the only stamp is dated 1311/1893-4. The cover design seems to have been done in the 19th century.Exquisite codex assembled from painted and laquered board, which features the same realistic rose design on both covers. Spine is of plain leather. Both inside covers contain crude paintings of yellow flowers (daffodils?). Pages are bordered in gold paint. Chapter titles are written in red ink upon gilded designs, accompanied by colorful designs. Initial page with frontispiece with title is elaboritely decorated with gold paint and colorful designs. Both the main Persian text and Arabic prayers are written in black ink in tawki (or possibly thulth) script; Persian translation of prayers is written in red ink in nastaʻlīq script directly beneath the prayers.Browne,Prayers and pious observances for shiʻīs on ordinary and special days throughout the year according to the practice of the Imams. This book is largely divided into sections dealing with specific months of the year. The work is extracted from the author's large work, Bahār al-Anwār. The main body of the text is in Persian; the prayers themselves are in Arabic, with Persian translation.Mode of access: Internet.Born 1037/1627; died 1110/1698-99. Renowned Shiʻī mujtahid of 17th century Isfahān; son of the popular Sufī-minded scholar, Muḥammad Taqī Majlisī. Muḥammad Bāqir Majlisī was the highest ranking jurist under the last true Safavī monarch, Shāh Sultan Husayn

The life and religion of Mohammed as contained in the Sheeãh traditions of the Hyât-ul-kuloob /

Includes index.First use of domestically manufactured Arabic type in the U.S.An abridged translation of the 2d part of Majlisī's Hayāt al-qulūb.Krek, M. Tentative chronology of the use of Arabic in the works printed in America ... Philadelphia : M.E.L.A. 1982.Mode of access: Internet