Studies on CO2 solubility in N-Methyldiethanolamine and hydrophobic ionic liquid binary mixtures

A fundamental and systematic investigation on the potential application of hybrid mixtures {comprising of ionic liquid (IL) + MDEA} for CO2 removal has been presented. The binary mixtures of three imidazolium based ILs namely; 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([hmim][BF4]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([hmim][Tf2N]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([hmim][FAP]) with N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) were prepared and the CO2 solubility was measured in the pure solvents as well as in the binary mixtures at three temperatures (298.15, 313.15, 323.15) K and at eight different pressures (≤ 3000 kPa)

Studies on CO2 solubility in N-Methyldiethanolamine and hydrophobic ionic liquid binary mixtures

A fundamental and systematic investigation on the potential application of hybrid mixtures {comprising of ionic liquid (IL) + MDEA} for CO2 removal has been presented. The binary mixtures of three imidazolium based ILs namely; 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([hmim][BF4]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([hmim][Tf2N]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([hmim][FAP]) with N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) were prepared and the CO2 solubility was measured in the pure solvents as well as in the binary mixtures at three temperatures (298.15, 313.15, 323.15) K and at eight different pressures (≤ 3000 kPa)

Correlation of sinonasal polyposis with chronic suppurative otitis media

Background: Aim of the study was to assess correlation of sinonasal polyposis with CSOM. To see the role of lignocaine nebulisation and to compare its role with use of steroids and bronchodilators alone in post bronchoscopy patients. Methods: In the present study, 50 patients of sinonasalpolyposis were subjected to otoscopic, microscopic examination of tympanic membrane findings and tuning fork tests were performed. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was also done in all patients. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of temporal bones and computed tomography (CT) of paranasal sinuses were used to assess otological and sinonasal pathology. Results: Out of 50 patients, males were 26 and females were 24. Age group 11-20 years had 8 males and 8 females, 21-30 years had 5 males and 7 females, 31-40 years had 11 males and 8 females and 41-50 years had 2 males and 1 female. Left side was involved in 6, right in 9 and both sides in 10 patients. Swab cultures revealed pure aerobic isolates in 16, mixed aerobic and anaerobic isolates in 10. Micro-organisms were staphylococcus aureus in 10, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 6, Streptococcus spp. in 5, Peptostreptococcus in 3 and Bacteroides in 2 cases. The difference was significant (p<0.05). Out of 50 Sinonasal polyp patients, 26 (52%) had CSOM. Type identified was tubotympanic in 12 and atticoantral in 14. There was positive pearsoncorrelation of CSOM with sinonasal polyp (r value of 0.92, p value 0.021). Conclusions: In the present study there was positive correlation of sinonasal polyposis with CSOM. The prevalence rate was 26%. Micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides

Cholecystectomy for Gallstone: Types and Findings

Gall stone disease remains a common and significant cause of suffering in most parts of the world. Gallstones are the most common biliary pathology. A descriptive study covered 80 patients underwent surgical treatment for gallstone diseases. Ultrasound study and plain abdominal X-ray were done to confirm the presence of gallstone. More than half of the sample 58.8% were in the oldest age group 50-69 year. Female were 68(85%) and the remaining 12(15%) patients were male. Most of patients 60(75.0%) operated upon by open cholecystectomy, laparoscope used in 18(22.5%). The main finding on exploring the abdomen was inflammatory adhesion in 54(67.5%) of the patients, thick wall gallbladder came next in 12 (15%) patients. Many complications and clinical findings associated with gallstone, some of them are serious other are even fatal. That is why cholecystectomy is highly indicated even for silent gallstone. Keywords: Gallstone, Jaundice, Cholecystitis, Surgery, Laparoscopy DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/71-09 Publication date: February 29th 202

PRODUCTION OF GREEN DETTOL AS BACTERIAL INHIBITOR AND DISINFECTANT

The aim of this research is production of disinfection (Dettol) contains herbal formula and study the efficacy of it for inhibition of pathogenic bacteria as and comparing with traditional Dettol efficacy. In this research, a herbal disinfectant and antiseptic was prepared similarly to the industrial Dettol and in terms of composition, except for the active substance (chloroxylenol), which was replaced by a plant extract (thyme) and active compound (thymol) separately. total of 50 samples hand swabs were collected randomly from children and housewives and student at university of Baghdad. The following species were isolated from swabs and identified by microscopic morphology, morphological features on culture media, and Vital Index of Traditional Environmental Knowledge(VITEK2)System and that were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia.coli, Bacillus cereus ,pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae.  The results of study showed that the highest antimicrobial activity was belonged to thymol. while a lowest antibacterial effect was belonged to thyme. Highest value of minimum inhibitor concentration (mic) was (0.09) of thymol against staphylococcus aureus while a lowest mic value was (6.25) of thyme against Bacillus cereus the result of minimum bactericidal concertation (mbc) showed that thymol and Dettol were the same value (1.56) against Enterobacter cloacae

Development and charachterization of barley supllemented flavored chapattis

Food scientist are actively involved to improve the quality of wheat through composite flour technology by supplementing wheat flour with other grain flours. Barley grains are outstanding source of total dietary fibers (TDF) and offers remarkable quantity of active ingredients for health elevation and disease prevention. Purposely, the current research work was designed to improve the nutritional potential of wheat chapattis by including barley flour 10%, 20%, 30% along with the addition of functional blend (Methi powder and garlic paste) 2%, 4%, 6% levels respectively. Wheat and barley composite flour were analyzed for its chemical, mineral, antioxidant and total dietary composition. The supplementation of barley flour and functional blend into wheat flour enhanced the mineral. Addition of barley flour and functional blend increased total phenolic in composite flour 0.41 (control) to 0.69 mg GAE.100g-1 and DPPH from 20.95 - 23.82%. Total dietary fiber in composite flour varied form 3.11% (control) to 7.69% (30% barley flour with 6% functional blend). Total dietary fiber in chapattis ranged from 6.04 (control) to 8.21% (30% barley flour with 6% functional blend). 30% supplementation of barley flour and 4% addition of functional blend presented better sensory response of the prepared chapattis. All the outcomes revealed that nutritionally rich chapattis should be incorporated in daily diet to explore the dietary worth of barley

Multidisciplinary Management and Outcome of Intradural Extramedullary Spinal Tumors

Introduction/Objective:  About fifteen percent of the primary CNS tumors are intraspinal. About two-thirds of tumors are intradural extramedullary (IDEM). This study was conducted to review the outcome of operative management of intradural extramedullary tumors in correlation with the factors, both clinical & histopathological, influencing the neurology of patients & prognosis. Materials and Methods:  It was a multicenter study including 42 patients conducted from December 2018 to December 2020. All patients were diagnosed by MRI with and without contrast. Patients were surgically treated & analyzed for clinical features i.e., pain by visual analog scale (VAS) & neurology by modified McCormick scale both preoperatively & post-operatively. Clinical features & outcomes were correlated with tumor size & histopathology. p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results:  This study included 42 cases. The most common diagnosis was schwannoma (76.19%). The average intradural space occupied at presentation was 82%. The most common location was dorsal (90.4%). The visual analog score for pain (VAS) improved in all patients post-operatively from 7 ± 1.9 to 2 ± 0.8 (p = 0.003) & modified McCormick scale from 3.0 ± 1.3 to 2.0 ± 1.0 (p = 0.005). The preoperative symptoms were correlated with the only size of the tumor occupying the intradural space (VAS p = 0.021, modified McCormick scale p = 0.018). Conclusion:  All the tumors excised showed some improvement in neurological status. Therefore, all patients diagnosed with IDEM should be operated on even if present with prolonged symptoms or severe neurological compromise. Keywords:  Intradural Extramedullary, Meningioma, Schwannoma, Intraspinal

Effect of sorbitol on dough rheology and quality of sugar replaced cookies

A high amount of sugar is used in bakery products, which may cause diabetes, high blood glucose levels and obesity. Due to these reasons, sugar is being replaced with substitutes. There is different carbohydrate-based sugar substitutes (polyols) that can efficiently replace sugar. Among polyols, sorbitol is an efficient replacer that can mimic sugar with minimal effects on cookie quality. Effects of different sorbitol levels (0 to 12.5%) were seen on the dough rheology. Mixographic studies showed that peak height and mixing time reduced with the addition of sorbitol. Farinographic studies showed that water absorption and the mixing tolerance index of dough reduced with the supplementation of sorbitol, whereas dough development time, arrival time, dough stability time and softening of dough increased. Extensographic studies revealed that sorbitol substitution produced hard, cohesive, adhesive and elastic dough. Sugar in cookies formulations was reduced from 100 to 50% by replacing with sorbitol 0 to 50%. Physical analysis of sorbitol containing cookies showed that the diameter and spread factor of cookies decreased with higher levels of sorbitol, whereas thickness, color, hardness and water activity of cookies increased. The calorific value of cookies decreased with the increasing levels of sorbitol. At upto 20% replacement of sugar, other parameters of cookies were not affected. Sensory evaluation of the cookies showed that hedonic points for sensory evaluation parameters reduced with the increasing levels of sorbitol, T2 (20% replacement) showed maximum overall acceptability

Giant cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Surgery: Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in Lahore, Pakistan

Objectives:  In this case series, we report our experience of microsurgical resection of large and giant CPA tumors at the Department of Neurosurgery, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences (PINS). Materials and Methods:  This was a retrospective case series of 328 patients (mean age, 40 years) with large and giant CPA tumors (predominantly vestibular schwannomas) who underwent surgical removal using a retro sigmoid approach over 4 years. Results:  In the study, there were 58% (190) females while 42% (138) were males. 60% (197) of the tumors were right – sided and 40% (131) left – sided. Hearing loss was the main presenting complaint with 73% of the patients having non-serviceable hearing. There were 14 (4.3%) deaths reported during the retrospective analytic study. There were 3 cases of postoperative hemorrhage, and 11 patients expired due to post-operative wound infection. There were 13 cases diagnosed as having post-operative bacterial meningitis. Gross total tumor excision was achieved in 98% of patients based on postoperative imaging. There were 26 cases (8%) with postoperative CSF leakage that was managed with LP drain (5 patients) and in the rest VP shunt was done. Facial nerve function was graded according to the House Brackmann system. It was recorded in all patients following surgery: There were 16% patients with HB grade IV and 216 (66%) patients with HB grade III facial palsy.  Conclusion:  Suboccipital Retrosigmoid approach is ideal for dealing with giant CPA tumors. Complication rates in our series were comparable with other reported literature