Skin traction: A new idea for pain of Brucellosis sacroileitis

با توجه به عدم وجود یک اقدام حمایتی مناسب برای کاهش یا رفع درد ساکروایلئیت در افراد مبتلا به بروسلوزیس که این درد گاهی تا چند ماه باقی می ماند، تصمیم گرفته شد که تاثیر تراکشن پوستی بر روی سیر درد مذکور در بیماران مبتلا به بروسلوزیس مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. در طی 24 ماه 60 بیمار بروسلوزیس تحت یک بررسی پروسپکتیو قرار گرفتند. از این تعداد 5/65 با گرفتاری دستگاه عضلانی-اسکلتی مراجعه نمودند که از این عده اخیر 66 گرفتاری مفصل ساکروایلئیت را نشان دادند. 75 بیماران مرد و در محدوده سنی 29-10 سال بودند. به طور تصادفی بیماران در دو گروه شاهد و مورد قرار گرفتند. در گروه مورد تراکشن پوستی در کنار قرص متوکاربامول، کپسول ایندومتاسین و یک رژیم ضد بروسلوزیس و در گروه شاهد فقط قرص متوکاربامول، کپسول ایندومتاسین و یک رژیم ضد بروسلوزیس توصیه گردید. در هر دو گروه استرپتومایسین و کپسول تتراسیکلین به عنوان رژیم ضد بروسلوزیس تجویز گردید. در انتهای دوره تراکشن هر دو گروه مورد مقایسه و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند که بر اساس ملاک و معیارهای این بررسی، بهبودی درد ساکروایلئیت در گروه شاهد 25 و در گروه مورد 95 مشاهده شد (001/0(

Phytotherapy: an alternative treatment for non-healing ulcers.

There are few reports in the literature on the effectiveness of complimentary therapies on chronic wounds. Use of an aloe vera gel resulted in full healing after treatments such as antibiotics, surgical debridement and skin grafting had failed

Error of surveillance system for tuberculosis (TB) patients’ closed contacts, in early detection of new cases, Shahrekord & Broojen

In a health system, after finding a sputum positive TB, the closed contacts of the patient are followed-up to detect new cases. The aim of this survey was to assess the effectiveness of the surveillance system in Shahrekord and Broojen. During a 5 year period, 56 files (16 from Broojen and 40 from Shahrekord) of sputum positive TB were selected, and detection of new cases during the next five years was checked. The registered follow-up items included gender, age, vaccination, scar of BCG, smear of sputum, culture of sputum and chest x ray. In Broojen there were 16 patients with 122 closed contacts, from whom 74 persons were close relatives and 23 of them were under 6 years old. In most of the closed contacts the follow-up items were registered. One out of 11 cases of TB patients of the second period was from the closed contacts of first period TB patients. In Shahrekord there were 40 TB and 212 closed contacts with 165 persons at risk. Follow-up items were registered in less than 10% of cases. Eight TB positive cases were reported in closed contacts 10 days to 3 years after the index cases, but there was no follow-up activity for them. Follow-up in Broojen was more regular than in Shahrekord. Unfortunately the follow-up activities in Shahrekord did not end up to case finding. Based on this survey, 9% to 21% of new cases of TB may be due to failure of health system. Performing similar surveys in other health care systems of the country may help to find the probable faults

Specificity and sensitivity of clinical diagnosis for chronic pneumonia

To compare clinical (non-invasive) diagnosis with bronchoscopic (invasive) diagnosis, a total of 50 patients with chronic pneumonia (sputum smear-negative for tuberculosis) were examined. Age range was 12-82 years. Sensitivity of clinical diagnosis was 100 for tuberculosis and 81.8 for lung cancer; specificity was 67.5 for tuberculosis and 89.7 for lung cancer. Clinical diagnosis was correct in 43.4 of cases suspected of tuberculosis and 69.2 of cases suspected of lung cancer. It may be reliable only for elderly women smokers. Because tuberculosis is over-diagnosed in endemic areas, bronchoscopy is strongly recommended for all cases of chronic pneumonia

Sacroileitis, as the most common complication of Brucellosis

در طی دو سال، بیماران مبتلا به بروسلوزیس بستری در بخش عفونی بطور آینده نگر، Prospective، تحت مطالعه قرار گرفتند. از بین 60 نفری که طی این مدت بستری بودند حدود 65.5 دچار گرفتاری در دستگاه عضلانی-اسکلتی گردیدند و از این تعداد حدود بیش از دو سوم یا 66.9 به ساکروایلئیت مبتلا شدند. این نتیجه تاییدی است بر گزارشات قبلی مبنی بر اینکه ساکروایلئیت، شایعترین عارضه بروسلوزیس می باشد. در این بررسی مشاهده گردید مردان مبتلا به بروسلوزیس 3 برابر زنان و 75 موارد در محدوده سنی 29-15 سال بودند. همچنین ارتباط با دام شانس ابتلاء به ساکروایلئیت را سه برابر افزایش می دهد. موارد بیماران بستری در بهار و تابستان سه برابر پاییز و زمستان بودند. اکثرا فرمول شمارش خون محیطی و نیز تفریق سلول های گلبول سفید طیف طبیعی داشتند و در 100 موارد سرعت رسوب گلبول قرمز بیش از 20 میلی متر در ساعت اول است. تیتر 1/320 رایت و تیتر 1/160 در 2-مرکاپتواتانول (2ME) شایعترین تیترهایی بودند که بیماران بستری داشتند. در 80 موارد تب بالاتر از 38 درجه سانتیگراد و در 48 موارد اسپیلنومگالی مشاهده ش

Seroprevalence of mumps before inclusion of mumps vaccination in the Iranian expanded programme on immunization

The current target groups for measles, mumps and rubella vaccination in the Islamic Republic of Iran are children at 12 months and 4-6 years. A study of the age-specific seroprevalence of antibodies against mumps in children aged 3-18 years in Shahrekord aimed to establish the need for booster vaccinations to cover non-immune children. Of 338 children, 19.8 were seronegative. Age-specific seronegativity was 33.3, 20.5 and 4.6 in age groups 7-11, 12-14 and 15-18 years respectively. To obtain herd immunity, we suggest that for the next 5 years children aged 7-11 years entering guidance school are selected as the main group for vaccination

Difference of diagnostic criteria of diarrhea with standard criteria

زمینه و هدف: دفعات اجابت مزاج، وزن مدفوع، قوام مدفوع و رویت سلول های التهابی در آزمایش مدفوع، موضوعات غالبی هستند که در بررسی یک اسهال یا هر اختلال دیگر دستگاه گوارش جستجو می گردد. این موارد، افراد سالم را از بیمار متمایز می کند. دانستن طیف طبیعی آنها هدف اصلی این مطالعه است. روش مطالعه: تعداد 1000 نفر فرد سالم از بین مراجعین به مراکز بهداشتی شهرکرد انتخاب شدند. پس از توضیح روش کار، از آنها درخواست می شد که مدفوع خود را در ظروف مخصوص، به مدت 48-24 ساعت جمع آوری کنند. ابتدای دوره را با قرص کارمین و انتهای دوره را با قرص ذغال فعال شده مشخص کردیم. در انتها، وزن مدفوع و متغییرهای دیگر شامل تعداد دفعات اجابت مزاج و زمان ترانزیت ثبت شد. با نرم افزار SSPS، نسخه 5/7 و با آنالیز Regression ، و t-test تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها صورت گرفت. نتایج: متوسط وزن مدفوع در 24 ساعت، در افراد مورد مطالعه131±349 گرم بود. میانگین اجابت مزاج 5/1 بار در یک شبانه روز بود و زمان ترانزیت روده حدود 5/12 ساعت تخمین زده شد. وزن مدفوع با چهار متغییر، سن، جنس، وزن افراد و مصرف نان در رژیم غذائی، ارتباط مستقیم و معنی داری نشان داد (005/0

Prevalence of HBV and HCV infections and associated risk factors in addict prisoners

High prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in prisoners suggests them as one of the main infection source in community. Preventive measures can possibly decrease their rate of infection and infectivity. We evaluated prevalence of HBV and HCV infections and their relation to dangerous behavior in addict prisoners. This was a cross-sectional study included prisoners of central provinces of Iran who were evaluated for HBV and HCV in 2003. All of 1431 prisoners filled out questionnaires that were evaluated for HBsAg and HCV antibody. There were 51 prisoners (3.5) who were HBsAg positive and 513 prisoners (35.8) had HCV antibody. Odd's ratio for HBV and HCV were 10.3 and 9.6 for IVDA, respectively. This study showed that the HBV and specially HCV infection had high prevalence among prisoners. In comparison to rate of HBsAg and HCV infection in general population of Iran, this study showed that the HBsAg was 2 times and HCV infection was 70 times more frequent in prisoner than in general population of Iran. The education for dangerous behavior is strongly recommended to control this persistent infection source for hepatitis B and C in the community

High prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections in gypsy population residing Shahr-e-Kord

Background - Gypsies are the groups of people who are not dependent on any special location. Because of permanent immigration, poor socioeconomic status and the special life style, gypsies might be exposed to multiple sexual partners, addiction and various kinds of infections, like hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of these infections in gypsies of South-West of Iran (Shahr-e-Kord). Materials and Methods - This study was done in Sureshjan Pass near Shahr-e-Kord. Out of 250 gypsies, 226 of them were recruited into the study. Laboratory tests for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), hepatitis C virus antibody (HCVAb), and human immunodeficiency virus antibody (HIVAb) were performed in the study population. All sera with positive results of HBsAg or HBcAb were tested again for these markers together with HBsAb, HBeAg, and HBeAb. Also sera with positive HIV Ab were retested with immunoblot assay. Results - A total of 226 persons (103 males, 123 females) with a mean age of 20.7 years (range: 9 months to 78 years) were recruited. Thirty-five subjects (18, or 15.5 male) had positive HBsAg. Fifty-four persons (23.9) had positive HBcAb. Seven (4, or 3.1 male), had positive HCVAb and 4 persons (2, or 1.8 male) were HIV positive. Conclusion - Gypsies in Iran should be considered a high risk group for HBV, HCV and HIV infections. Vaccination against HBV should be considered for all noninfected subjects, and health promotional activity should be planned in order to prevent further spread of these blood born infections among them

Anti fungal effect of Echinophora platyloba extract on some common dermathophytes

Objective: Increasing usage of medicinal plants for trapeutic purposes, made a unique place for this branch of complementary medicine. While Echinophora Platyloba has a folkloric usage, unfortunately has not yet reached an eligible palce. This study conducted to evaluate the effect of extract of Echinophora Platyloba on some common dermatophytes. Methods: 4 tubes containing diluted solutions of hydroalcoholic extract (35, 50, 150 and 250 mg/ml) have been prepared and one tube of 0 mg/mL as control hydroalcoholic. Using agar dilution method, fugi were coincubated with diluted solutions of the extract and the growth results were recorded after 21 days. Results: Trichophyton (T) schenlaini and T. verucosum were totally sensitive. T. rubrum and Microsporum (M) gypsum were totally resistant. T. mentagrophyte, M. canis and Epidermophyton flucosum were resistant to 35, 50 and 150 mg/ml dilutions, but they were sensitive to 250 mg/ml. T. violaseum was resistant in 35 and 50 mg/ml but sensitive to 150 and 250 mg/ml. Conclusion: 3 concentrations of hydroalcohalic extract (35, 50 and 150 mg/ml) may have clinical application. On the base of this study, the plant in the mentioned dilutions showed anti fungal effect against T. schoenlieinii, T. verucosum. The plant extract showed weaker antifuongal against T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton flocusm but this may have not good anti fungal effect aginst T. rubrum and T. gypseum. The next step of study may be the production of drug product and clinical assay