Site selection for new memorial park using GIS: muslim memorial park

The need for a cemetery (memorial park) is equally important like other needs of basic facilities. When developing a housing area, memorial park aspect has always been left out and has caused problems to the community because the local authority has no proper plan for a cemetery area. In due course, there is a requirement to find out a suitable new site for cemetery using GIS technology and digital mapping applications is. This method is expected to give solution to local authority when choosing an appropriate place for cemetery. Three main objectives drawn in this study will contribute effectively to the planning and selection of Muslim cemetery in Mukim Cheras area. Data collection of applicable spatial vector and raster as well as the attribute data from various agencies were made to achieve the research goal. The usage of Remote Sensing and GIS software such as Erdas Imagine 8.5 and ArcGIS 9.0 helps in facilitating this study. Various GIS analyses such as modeling analysis, buffering analysis and overlay analysis were carried out in order to ultimately produce a spatial product of suitable criterion. The end products portraying suitable areas for cemetery with spatial location, within related cadastral lot and slope condition suitability can contribute values and standards to the urban planning unit of Local Authority. The method and analysis carried out and the final product achieved by means of GIS application can allegedly assist Local Authority in efficiently planning few other developments in line with the neighborhood needs. The GIS method utilized in this study will facilitate urban planning authority in identifying areas for various developments and thus minimizing the issues that relates to the lack of land for cemetery in our country. Furthermore, planning developments can be more effectively enhanced through processing and visualization of relatively accurate physical location of areas in analysis in a computing environment

A hybrid active force control of a lower limb exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation

Owing to the increasing demand for rehabilitation services, robotics have been engaged in addressing the drawbacks of conventional rehabilitation therapy. This paper focuses on the modelling and control of a three-link lower limb exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation that is restricted to the sagittal plane. The exoskeleton that is modelled together with a human lower limb model is subjected to a number of excitations at its joints while performing a joint space trajectory tracking, to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed controller in compensating disturbances. A particle swarm optimised active force control strategy is proposed to facilitate disturbance rejection of a conventional proportional-derivative (PD) control algorithm. The simulation study provides considerable insight into the robustness of the proposed method in attenuating the disturbance effect as compared to the conventional PD counterpart without compromising its tracking performance. The findings from the study further suggest its potential employment on a lower limb exoskeleton

An overview of the spark plug engine profile in a spark ignition engine

The main concern regarding on the spark plug usage is their ignition efficiency and lifetime capabilities. This article reviews on the spark plug engine profile in a spark ignition. An intelligent practical approach needs to be developed to be the indicator to know when the spark plug should be changed. Due to its promising effect on the spark ignition engine, the study of spark plugs profile is increasing day by day. For safety, mechanical vibration of a vehicle is a very important phenomenon. Moreover, it specifically affects passenger comfort in some applications. Due to the effects on vehicle structure components and passenger comfort as well as safety, the mechanical vibration through the spark ignition engine has acquired great significance. However, there are many problems in researching existing running engines with a spark ignition system, such as slower ignition, increased cyclic variance and possible misfire. The higher spark energy will improve the ignitibility, but due to electrode corrosion, the life of the spark plug will decrease, and electrodes serve as a sink of thermal energy that will affect the spark plug’s health. For instance, the conditions such as the spark plug gap, the plug thickness and the carbon dissipated on the spark plug that influences the output of a spark ignition, are highlighted in this article