Primjena lakaze za dogradnju lignoceluloznih vlakanaca

Laccases have the ability to oxidize both phenolic and trough mediators non-phenolic lignin related compounds. When reacting on lignin, they can display both ligninolytic and polymerizing (cross-inking) abilities, which makes them very useful for their application in industries based on lignocellulose material. Most of the published papers and applications of laccase and laccase-mediator systems on lignocellulose material relate to the pulp, paper and textile industry. Recent research has been done in terms of laccase assisted biografting of phenols and other compounds on wood surface and use of laccase for adhesion enhancement in fiberboard production. They can be introduced to wood technology as environmentally friendly enzymes. The paper reviews the application of laccases in industries based on lignocellulose material and discusses the future outlook and development in the above mentioned fields.Enzimi lakaze imaju sposobnost oksidacije fenolnih spojeva uz pomoć medijatora i nefenolnih spojeva lignina. Kada reagiraju na lignin, mogu pokazati i ligninolitičke i polimerizacijske (unakrsno povezujuće) sposobnosti, što ih čini vrlo korisnima za primjenu u industriji utemeljenoj na lignoceluloznim materijalima. Većina objavljenih radova i primjena enzima lakaze i posredničkih lakaza-sustava na lignoceluloznim materijalima odnose se na celulozu, papir i proizvode tekstilne industrije. Nedavno su provedena istraživanja o kalemljenju fenola i drugih spojeva uz pomoć lakaza na površinu drva i o primjeni lakaza za poboljšanje adhezije u proizvodnji ploča vlaknatica. Lakaze se mogu upotrijebiti u drvnoj tehnologiji kao ekološki prihvatljivi enzimi. U radu se analizira primjena enzima lakaze u industriji utemeljenoj na lignoceluloznim materijalima i razmatraju se buduće perspektive i razvoj na spomenutim područjima

Antifungal and antibacterial activity of 3-alkylpyridinium polymeric analogs of marine toxins

Analogs of marine sponge-derived 3-alkylpyridinium compounds (3-APS) were synthesized and screened for possible antibacterial and antifungal activities. They were found to exhibit moderate antibacterial activity. Antifungal potential was tested on pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and hypersaline species Wallemia sebi. S. cerevisiae was the most susceptible to the action of selected 3-APS. Inhibitory effects on fungal growth were also studied on two wood-rotting fungi, brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum and a white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. The former showed a higher susceptibility to the action of 3-APS. The highest antifungal potential was observed with the poly-1,3-dodecyl pyridinium chloride (APS12-3, 7), while a complete loss of activity was noticed with the poly-1,3-butyl pyridinium chloride (APS3, 1), suggesting that this activity may closely correlate to the length of their alkyl chains. Based on our results, synthetic APS12-3 is a good candidate to be used as biocide or wood preservative against wood-rotting fungi