4 research outputs found
Β«America Doesnβt Know SiberiaΒ»: From the History of Soviet-American Scientific Communications on the Archeology of Siberia in the 1920β1930-s
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ
Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ
Π² 1920β1930-Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ,
ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ. ΠΠ° Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π»Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π² Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ. Π ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎ-
Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ,
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Β«ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π½Π°Π²Π΅ΡΒ»The article examines international scientific relations on issues of archeology of
Siberia between Soviet and American researchers in the 1920β1930s. The authors noted
previous, pre-revolutionary contacts, outlined the breadth of connections, identified their
goals and determined their forms. The relations between scientists of the two countries
during a difficult international situation are shown with the help of archival materials and
epistolary heritage. The scientific interest of archaeologists in Siberia is substantiated.
Local archaeological discoveries in those years were not inferior in importance to both
central and foreign ones. In such a short period of Soviet-American communications on
issues of archeology in Siberia, a whole network of connections fit in. Contacts between
scientists were interrupted after Β«The Iron CurtainΒ» cam
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ: ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ (ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ) ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡ 1914β1915 Π³Π³.
The study is devoted to the English explorer of the indigenous peoples of the Yenisei North, Marie Czaplicka, and Henry Hall, who became her companion and anthropologist in the Yenisei (Oxford) expedition. She is a young Polish woman who went to Siberia as the head of the expedition, as a result of which she wrote a valuable book on this topic. Czaplicka became the first woman professor at Oxford University. She worked in London and traveled around Siberia, conducting extensive field research in the era when women were not engaged in scientific research or expeditions at all. She was also an experienced photographer. The personality of Marie Czaplicka is unique. Her works remain relevant. Foreign scientists have turned to her studies for more than a hundred years, but she is little known in modern Russia, though she was born and lived most of her life in the Russian Empire. The authors refer to the personality of Marie Czaplicka and her works. The aim of the work is to determine the significance of the research of the Yenisei expedition. The collections picked up during the expedition are stored in the Museum of Archeology and Anthropology of the University of Pennsylvania and the Pitt Rivers Museum of Ethnography and Archeology and comprise about 600 items of ethnography, archeology and images. The research of M. Czaplicka is a contribution to the ethnography of SiberiaΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π₯ΠΎΠ»Π»Ρ, ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ (ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ) ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ-ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°. ΠΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ° Π»Π΅Ρ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π₯ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ,
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ, Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ·Π΅Π΅ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΠ·Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ° Π ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 600 ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ: ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ (ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ) ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡ 1914β1915 Π³Π³.
The study is devoted to the English explorer of the indigenous peoples of the Yenisei North, Marie Czaplicka, and Henry Hall, who became her companion and anthropologist in the Yenisei (Oxford) expedition. She is a young Polish woman who went to Siberia as the head of the expedition, as a result of which she wrote a valuable book on this topic. Czaplicka became the first woman professor at Oxford University. She worked in London and traveled around Siberia, conducting extensive field research in the era when women were not engaged in scientific research or expeditions at all. She was also an experienced photographer. The personality of Marie Czaplicka is unique. Her works remain relevant. Foreign scientists have turned to her studies for more than a hundred years, but she is little known in modern Russia, though she was born and lived most of her life in the Russian Empire. The authors refer to the personality of Marie Czaplicka and her works. The aim of the work is to determine the significance of the research of the Yenisei expedition. The collections picked up during the expedition are stored in the Museum of Archeology and Anthropology of the University of Pennsylvania and the Pitt Rivers Museum of Ethnography and Archeology and comprise about 600 items of ethnography, archeology and images. The research of M. Czaplicka is a contribution to the ethnography of SiberiaΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π₯ΠΎΠ»Π»Ρ, ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ (ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ) ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ-ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°. ΠΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ° Π»Π΅Ρ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π₯ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ,
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ, Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ·Π΅Π΅ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΠ·Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ° Π ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 600 ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ