On Spin Dependence of Relativistic Acoustic Geometry

This work makes the first ever attempt to understand the influence of the black hole background space-time in determining the fundamental properties of the embedded relativistic acoustic geometry. To accomplish such task, the role of the spin angular momentum of the astrophysical black hole (the Kerr parameter $a$ -- a representative feature of the background black hole metric) in estimating the value of the acoustic surface gravity (the representative feature of the corresponding analogue space time) has been investigated for axially symmetric inflow of hydrodynamic fluid onto a rotating black hole. Since almost all astrophysical black holes are supposed to posses some degree of intrinsic rotation, the influence of the Kerr parameter on classical analogue models is very important to understand. For certain values of the initial boundary conditions describing the aforementioned flow, more than one acoustic horizons, namely two black hole type and one white hole type, may form, where the surface gravity may become formally infinite at the acoustic white hole. The connection between the corresponding analogue Hawking temperature with astrophysically relevant observables associated with the spectral signature has been discussed.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, Comments welcom

VLSI Architectures of Forward Kinematic Processor for Robotics Applications

This paper aims to get a comprehensive review of current-day robotic computation technologies at VLSI architecture level. We studied several repots in the domain of robotic processor architecture. In this work, we focused on the forward kinematics architectures which consider CORDIC algorithms, VLSI circuits of WE DSP16 chip, parallel processing and pipelined architecture, and lookup table formula and FPGA processor. This study gives us an understanding of different implementation methods for forward kinematics. Our goal is to develop a forward kinematics processor with FPGA for real-time applications, requires a fast response time and low latency of these devices, useful for industrial automation where the processing speed plays a great role.Comment: 8 pages, 22 figure

Voltage Differencing Current Conveyor Based Voltage-Mode and Current-Mode Universal Biquad Filters with Electronic Tuning Facility

The objective of this study is to present four new universal biquad filters, two voltage-mode multi-input-single-output (MISO), and two current-mode single-input-multi-output (SIMO). The filters employ one voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC) as an active element and two capacitors along with two resistors as passive elements. All the five filter responses, i.e., high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, band-stop, and all-pass responses, are obtained from the same circuit topology. Moreover, the pole frequency and quality factor are independently tunable. Additionally, they do not require any double/inverted input signals for response realization. Furthermore, they enjoy low active and passive sensitivities. Various regular analyses support the design ideas. The functionality of the presented filters are tested by PSPICE simulations using TSMC 0.18 µm technology parameters with ± 0.9 V supply voltage. The circuits are also justified experimentally by creating the VDCC block using commercially available OPA860 ICs. The experimental and simulation results agree well with the theoretically predicted results

The role of cell membrane strain in sonoporation characterised by microfluidic-based single-cell analysis

In the present study we have investigated the sonoporation dynamics in a single cell using a novel microfluidic-based approach. Our methodology has successfully addressed the biophysical mechanisms underlying US-induced cell membrane sonoporation by performing in situ measurement of localised cell membrane deformation, and simultaneous quantification of both intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and transmembrane transfer of extracellular membrane-impermeable probes. We have highlighted novel aspects of microbubble-cluster dynamics combined with localised cell membrane strain, which could be responsible for membrane permeabilisation and transmembrane pore formation correlated with the transduction of intracellular biochemical signals (i.e. [Ca2+]i influx) as a result of microbubble-cell interaction

Microfluidics-based low-cost medical diagnostic devices: some recent developments

Here we present a short review of recently developed low-cost microfluidic devices aimed towards medical diagnostic applications. This review specifically focuses on three inexpensive devices, namely lab-on-a-compact-disc, paper-based, and thread-based devices. Here, we present a concise summary of all the recently developed protocols for simple bioassays to complex diagnostics. We also provide a new outlook on how the present practice of pathological diagnostics can be improved with the usage of such recent developments

MUTANT P21 PEPTIDES COULD ACT AS AN IMPROVED CYCLIN A INHIBITORS FOR CANCER THERAPY: AN IN SILICO VALIDATION

Objective: The present study delineates the generation of mutant peptide library from a known anticancer peptide, p21 and in silico evaluation for their affinity towards cyclin. A substrate binding groove. Methods: Mutant peptide library was created based on their AntiCP score and was docked with cyclin A using ClusPro2.0 web server. The docked structures were further simulated into an aqueous environment using Gromacs 4.5.6. Visualization was performed using PyMol software and interaction analysis was done using Discovery Studio Visualizer 4.1 Client and LigPlot plus tool. Results: A total of 57 mutant peptides were generated; out of which only 3 namely, K3C (Lys3Cys), K3F (Lys3Phe), and K3W (Lys3Trp) had a greater affinity for cyclin A than WILD p21 peptide (HSKRRLIFS). Molecular dynamic simulation studies showed that the peptides remained docked into the substrate binding groove throughout the run. Among all the peptides, K3C showed a significantly higher negative binding energy with cyclin A as compared to WILD. Conclusion: The overall results suggested that K3C mutant peptide had ~30 % higher affinity towards cyclin A and thus, could further be explored for its anticancer potential. The study also provides an insight into the crucial interactions governing the recognition of substrate binding groove of cyclin A for the development of novel peptide-based anticancer therapeutics

Switching of ferroelectric liquid crystal doped with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-assisted CdS nanostructures

Large scale high yield cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanowires with uniform diameter were synthesized using a rapid and simple solvo-chemical and hydrothermal route assisted by the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Unique CdS nanowires of different morphologies could be selectively produced by only varying the concentration of CTAB in the reaction system with cadmium acetate, sulfur powder and ethylenediamine. We obtained CdS nanowires with diameters of 64–65 nm and lengths of up to several micrometers. A comparative study of the optical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) Felix-017/100 doped with 1% of CdS nanowires was performed. Response times of the order of from 160 to 180 μs, rotational viscosities of the order of from 5000 to 3000 mN s m−2 and polarizations of the order of from 10 to 70 nC cm−2 were measured. We also observed an anti-ferroelectric to ferroelectric transition for CdS doped FLC instead of the ferroelectric to paraelectric transition for pure FLC