Cultural values and career goal of Gen-X and Gen-Y: a conceptual framework

Purpose: This article proposes a conceptual framework of influence of cultural values oncareer goals of Gen-X and Gen-Y. Design/methodology/approach: An integrative literature review method was employed to identify and analyse relevant literatures. The analysis is based on Schwartz’s conceptualizations of cultural values, Mayrhofer et al.’s definition of career goals, and Social Cognitive Career Theory. Keywords such as cultural values, career goal and generation workforce of Gen-X and Gen-Y were used in retrieving literatures found worldwide. Findings: The author adopted 10 personal cultural values as potential predictors of career goal perceived by the generation workforce of Gen-X and Gen-Y. Research limitations/implications: It has significance to future research in validating the proposed framework. Practical implications: Upon validation the paper could offer practical implications for human resource managers, general managers, and employees to assist in understanding the link between cultural values on career goals particularly from the perspective of Gen-X and Gen-Y. Originality/value: This study is a step forward in understanding influence of cultural values on career goals of an intergenerational workforce of Gen-X and Gen-Y. The paper suggests that practical human resource initiatives should address the issue of the influence of cultural values on career goals

Socio· economic Factors Associated with the Adoption of Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP) by Households in a Malaysian Mukim1

A study was conducted to determine: ( i) some selected socio-ec01Lomic factors related to the adoption of ANP practices by rural households,. (ii) the relationships of these selected factors in the adopti01L of ANP practices,. (iii) which of the factors would make significant contributions to the non-adopti01L of ANP practices by the households, and (iv) some of the reasons for the non-adoption of ANPpractices. 1t was found that the adoption of health practices was of a higher level than that attained in food practices. Five out of fourteen socio-economic factors were found to contribute significantly towards adoption of ANP practices. These factors were: educational attainment,. family size,. age,. attitude towards ANP ideas and practices,. and club membership. The lack ofhuman and non-human resources such as land labour, capitale and time, an unfavourable attitude towards ANP ideas atLd practices and some environmenta,l factors were among the common problems encountered during the adoption process

Roles of Progressive Malaysian Farmers in Rural Development: A Gender Analysis

The paper analyses characteristics of men and women progressive farmers and examine their roles in Malaysian rural development. Data were gathered from thirteen male and female winners of the "Farmer of the Year" national award, from 1981 to 1992, using indepth interviews. Male and female progressive farmers have similar characteristics in terms of age and land acreage owned. They differ in terms of educational allainment, family size, and number of leadership positions in institutions. The study showed that both groups perform multiple roles in rural development including involvement in the commercialization of agriculture, agribusiness and non-agricultural business, leadership roles in institutional development, community welfare services, and as local change agents. However, the study showed men and women exhibited some variations in exercising those roles

Corporate social responibility and its role in community development: An international perspective

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to strategies corporations or firms conduct their business in a way that is ethical, society friendly and beneficial to community in terms of development. This article analyses the meaning of CSR based on some theories available in literature. It is argued that three theories namely utilitarian, managerial and relational theories of CSR supported by works of other scholars in the area could be used to suggest that CSR becomes an international concern due to globalized nature of business that knows no border. CSR is evolving in its meaning and practice. The article then discusses the role of CSR in community development because the very logic of CSR is towards seeing its impact in community socially, environmentally and economically. Competencies required by CSR managers are also analyzed in order to have a better understanding of the practical aspects of CSR. Finally, conclusions and implications for future research are discussed

The gendered nature of careers: Evidence from a Malaysian university

Career is an area through which its interaction with gender explains the dynamism between men, women, workand organizations. It is argued that career is gendered i.e. it goes according to marked divisions of men and women. However, the question of the gendered nature of career is still less understood. This article aims to highlight emerging concepts and realities about the gendered nature of careers. The paper first theorizes gender and careers, presentssome data on demography, employment and career positions by gender in Malaysia and in a selected university in the country. The paper then highlights the implications of the gendered nature of careers to individuals and the institution; and finally draws conclusions and identifies challenges in terms of policy development in higher education. Keywords: Career, gender, career developmen

Gender Needs Analysis of Women Entrepreneurs

A study was conducted on women entrepreneurs in Klang Valley to examine the characteristics and business profile of women entrepreneurs and to identify the gender needs of women entrepreneurs. The data was collected by using mailed questionnaires and 33 women entrepreneurs responded. The study revealed that 66.7% of the women were involved in retail services, 36.4% in professional services, 21.2% in manufacturing and 9.1% in wholesale. The study also showed that among the significant needs women required more exposure to entrepreneurship, business management training, system of mentoring and career counseling, networking and better access to credit facilities and better involvement in male-dominated business. Some recommendations to help develop women entrepreneurs are forth

Women's Access to Land as Owners and Farm Workers: Some Implications for Extension Planning

The focus of the study was on women's access to land. The primary objective was to examine factors associated with women's access to the agricultural resource. Access was operationalised into two areas, i.e. access to land as owners and as farm workers. The study was conducted in two villages in the district of Kuala Langat, Selangor. Interviews with 143 household spouses from the two villages were conducted. In-depth interviews on women's life history were carried out with selected women. The analysis comprised two components. The first component was on hypothesis analysis and answering research questions related to women's access to land as owners. This component used quantitative tools such as t-test, chi-square test and regression analyses. Tobit and Multiple Regression analyses were conducted to find the relationship between the selected independent variables and the land size owned by women and men as the dependent variables

Uniqueness of Academic Career: Voices of Malaysian Women Professors

This article discusses women professors’ experience on what makes academia an attractive field for their career development. It starts by describing salient features of academic career. It then outlines the research procedures, using career history data of 31 women professors from eight Malaysian universities. Themes generated from the data are as follows: teaching is a noble duty, high value of research and publication, ability to work as academic-cum-administrator, establishment of international networking, provision of sabbatical leave, and involvement in professional training and consultancies. The study concludes that the respondents are fully satisfied with the three-in-one functions of teaching, research and services at the universities. Recommendations for policy and future research are put forth

Women's Access to Land as Owners: Some Implications for Development Planning

A study was conducted on women's access to land as owners in a district in Selangor. The study showed that women acquired land mainly through inheritances. On the other hand, in addition to inheritances, men also acquired land through government land allocation programmes and purchases. The quantitative analysis showed that older women were more likely to own land than the younger ones.Women from non-uxorilocal families had better access to land ownership than those from the uxorilocal households