Workload doesn’t mean exhaustion: Antecedents of teacher burnout

Workload has consistently been found to be a predictor of burnout in teachers.  However, while academia considers workload a psychological concept, the public tends to simplify workload as the number of tasks assigned. This study seeks to provide further evidence of the psychological nature of workload by examining if workload understood in terms of quantity of work had any effect on teacher burnout and whether this relationship was moderated by psychological processes such as self-efficacy and mediated by stress. 117 primary and high school teachers holding at least two roles at school participated in the study. Teacher burnout was measured using MBI-ES, self-efficacy was measured by OSTES and stress and workload were measured by single-item questions. Results showed that workload (i.e., the number of roles assigned) did not have a main effect on burnout. Perceived stress and self-efficacy had direct effects on teacher burnout: stress increased burnout while self-efficacy reduced burnout. Self-efficacy had a significant moderation effect on workload-burnout interaction. Workload increased burnout only in teachers with low self-efficacy  while stress did not moderate the workload-burnout relationship. These findings support the psychological nature of the relationship between workload and burnout among teachers. They also point out the importance of enhancing teacher stress management and self-efficacy in protecting them from burnout

Isolation, screening antimicrobial activity and identification of fungi from marine sediments of the area Thanh Lan, Co To, Vietnam

Marine environment is rich in natural product resources, including marine microorganisms, especially fungi which are not only seen as a potential source of highly applicable bioactive substances but also can provide for science new chemical structures. The objective of this study is to isolate and screen fungal strains with antibacterial activity from the marine environment. Twenty five strains of fungi were isolated from marine sediments of Thanh Lan, Co To island and assessed on antibiotic activity against 7 tested microbial strains, including three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Salmonella enterica ATCC13076), three Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, Stapphylococus aureus ATCC25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13245), and the yeast Candida albicans ATCC10231. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the tested microorganisms was determined for the crude extracts obtained from the culture broths after ethyl acetate extraction and vacuum rotary evaporation. Three strains with the highest antimicrobial activity M26, M30 and M45 were capable of inhibiting 4 - 5 of the 7 tested microorganisms with MIC values from 64 to 256 μg/ml, depending on each tested strain. Morphological and phylogenetic investigations based on 18S rRNA gene sequences of the three selected strains showed that strains M26 and M30 belonged to the genus Penicillium, whereas strain M45 belonged to the genus Neurospora. The sequences of 18S rRNA gene of three strains M26, M30 and M45 were registered on GenBank database with accession numbers: MH673730, MH673731, MH673732, respectively. Research results showed that marine environment has a great potential in isolation of fungal strains for the search for antibacterial substances as well as other biologically active compounds

Towards local government strategic planning in Vietnam: systemic governance interventions for sustainability

Canad

Sustainable Supply Chain in the Textile and Garment Industry of Vietnam

The textile and garment industry has contributed significantly to the Vietnamese economy. However, as it faces increasing pressure from importers who place more stringent requirements on product quality, the industry needs to adopt sustainable practices to stay competitive in the global market. This article examines the current state of the textile and garment supply chain in Vietnam using the sustainable development goals framework proposed by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) regarding the economic, social, and environmental aspects. It also considers the five criteria for determining the sustainable supply chain throughout the production-to-distribution process in the textile and garment industry suggested by Shen (2014), which cover Eco-material Preparation, Sustainable Manufacturing, Green Distribution, Green Retailing, and Ethical Consumers. The article evaluates the achievements and challenges of the supply chain in Vietnam based on these criteria and, thereby, offers recommendations to various stakeholders, such as the government, ministries, sectors, associations, and enterprises, to foster a more sustainable textile and garment industry in Vietnam

Current Situation of Classroom Management at Primary Schools to Meet the Requirements of the 2018 General Education Curriculum in Vietnam

The 2018 General Education Curriculum in Vietnam is a competence-based program in which students actively learn under teacher’s guidance. Also, learning activities are very diverse, which requires teachers to manage their classrooms effectively. The study employed questionnaires to collect data from 226 parents and 336 teachers in public and private schools in Vietnam. The research focuses on three main aspects of classroom management (CM) in response to the implementation of the 2018 general education curriculum: Creating classroom environments; Establishing classroom rules; Student behavior management. The research results showed that the participating teachers and parents appreciated the surveyed activities in classroom management. Creating environments and establishing rules form the basis for student behavior standards. Therefore, both the teachers and parents quite agreed to promote these two activities for primary students. However, the parent’s support was lower than the teacher’s, especially in managing student behavior. In order to manage the school, it is essential to involve all stakeholders, including a close relationship between teachers and parents

Comprehensive planning: Does it work? Experiences from Vietnam

Abstract Can we make a plan for a whole country? This paper examines adjustments the socio-economic development planning process in the context of Vietnam -a developing and transitional country. The main research question is whether the comprehensive planning processes have substantially changed from the top-down approach of the past to an open and participatory one today. Can Vietnam's current planning process, which has been described as 'suited for the command economy' (World Bank, 2005), fit into a global market economy or is there need for another approach? The paper analyses Vietnam's Five Year Socio-economic Development planning process within the three spheres: governance, management and participation. The paper concludes with a suggested planning approach for Vietnam

Sterols from stems of Momordica cochinchinesis (Lour.) Spreng.

Three known sterols, polypodine B (1), (22E,24R)-24-methylcholesta-2,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol (2) and chondrillasterol (3) were isolated from the stems of Momordica cochinchinesis (Lour.) Spreng. Their chemical structures were successfully determined using NMR and ESI-MS analysis as well as in comparison with the reported data. All compounds were reported from Momordica genus for the first time. Keywords. Momordica cochinchinesis, Cucurbitaceae, steroid

Preschool STEM Activities and Associated Outcomes: A Scoping Review

This review highlights the need for further investigation into the benefits of STEM activities in preschool children’s learning, girls’ engagement and learning of children with disabilities in the STEM field. The review process involved accessing 19 relevant studies from Scopus, ERIC and Google Scholar databases in March 2023. Through the synthesis of information from these studies, seven STEM activities were identified as effective in enhancing preschool children’s learning: educational robots, educational games, argumentative interactions, inquiry-based learning and engineering design, drawing and telling about engineers, free play and pretend play, and group membership. Each of these activities contributes to different learning outcomes for children. Moreover, the review emphasizes the importance of role-playing activities ‘as if’ engineers and scientists, facilitated by teachers, in fostering girls’ motivation and engagement in the STEM field from an early age. Long-term scientific interventions at home have a significant positive impact on the science literacy skills of deaf children. The implications of this review are particularly relevant for early childhood educators, as it provides valuable insights into the use of STEM activities to enhance children’s learning outcomes