An investigation of the academic consulting competence of high school teachers in Vietnam

High school students must grapple with a host of issues and encounter difficulties when studying at schools, such as peer pressure, test anxiety, cyberbullying, unhealthy relationships, psychological distress, depression and possibly domestic issues. These obstacles create the need for academic consulting in order for high school students to develop essential skills and then solve problems. This study aims to examine the high school teachers' perceptions and the quality of academic consulting competence in the Vietnamese educational context. This study surveyed 1089 high school students and 289 teachers in Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam with the 43-item questionnaire. The main results showed that academic consulting competence had been noticed and trained professionally for high school teachers. Additionally, both students and high school teachers recognized the essential role of high school teachers' academic consulting competence in educational settings

Investigating the diversity of resistant starch in Vietnamese rice collection

The rapid increase of obesity and type 2 diabetes has recently posed an enormous burden on the healthcare system worldwide. Resistant starch (RS) in rice can escape digestion by enzymes in the small intestine, making its calories unavailable for cells to use. As a result, RS can be used by diabetes patients to prevent diabetes and for obese individuals who do not want extra energy. In our study, 75 Vietnamese rice accessions originating from diverse ecosystems were chosen as plant materials to investigate the diversity of RS content in this collection. The Megazyme kit was used to measure the amount of RS. The release of quinonimine was measured using a spectrophotometer at 510 nm. The results showed that approximately 70% of Vietnamese rice accessions had RS content ranging from 0.015 to 0.2% while only 4% of samples had RS content ranging from 0.6 to 0.8%. The Indica subgroups had significantly higher RS content than the Japonica subgroup. Higher RS content was found in medium- and short- grain rice rather than in long grain. Finally, rice plants grown in rainfed lowlands (RL) and irrigated ecosystems had higher RS content than those grown under mangrove and upland ecosystems. Our results firstly give information about the diversity of RS in Vietnamese rice and secondly may contribute to the field of nutrition by developing a suitable rice-based diet for patients with diabetes or obesity

Application of MCE-AHP technical for modelling paddy zoning: A case study in Vietnam

The main aim of present study was to determine the most suitable land for paddy via AHP - GIS and Remote Sensing. Ba Thuoc district - Thanh Hoa province was selected as the target area to conduct the experimental set-up. As per opinion of scientists and the guidance of World Food Organization (FAO) on agricultural crops, the criteria selected to estimate the ecological adaptation of crops include soil type, soil texture, soil depth, soil pH, N (%), elevation, slope, distance from rivers, yearly precipitation, low-average and high temperature, average sunny hours, saltwater intrusion. The land suitability map was generated by superimposing the component maps considering the weighting of the criteria. The obtained results showed that in the experimental area nearly 8.26% of the land-use region was very appropriate for rice growing, 26.29% was observed medium appropriate, 43.35% was less appropriate and 22.1% was not fit for paddy cultivation. Overall, the data may be of value for country government, policy makers, managers as well as local authorities to induce local farmers for paddy production on most suitable area

Carrot hairy roots (Daucus carota L.) characterisation and optimisation for high β‐carotene extraction

Hairy roots are widely known as a biological system for the production of highly diverse biomolecules. β‐carotene – a precursor for vitamin A – is known to be an anti‐oxidant and anti‐gastric cancer and protection agent against cardiovascular disease, heart disease and stroke. β‐carotene has been chemically synthesised and consumed by humans. However, the chemical process often produces a by‐product that may be harmful to human health. Therefore, this study established a protocol to induce hairy roots (HRs) from a Vietnamese carrot variety and produce natural β‐carotene. The Rhizobium rhizogenes ATCC15834 harbouring Ri plasmid and a Vietnamese carrot variety were used as materials for genetic transformation and HR induction studies. The result showed that approximately 50 HR lines were obtained. Culture medium supplemented with 30 mg/L of sucrose that gave the highest biomass of HR was shown in carrot HR line 30, which had a doubling time of 6.5 days. The highest content of β‐carotene extraction, at 128 mg/100g hairy roots, was achieved with a ratio volume (v/v) of 2‐propanol and plant samples of 20:1, followed by two hours’ incubation with 2‐propanol at 60 °C. Our study reveals a highly efficient protocol for Vietnamese carrot hairy root establishment and multiplication. A very efficient protocol for β‐carotene extraction from the hairy root was established to produce natural β‐carotene that achieves the same β‐carotene quantity as that produced by normal roots. This study provides new insight into the production of high‐content and natural β‐carotene for therapeutic application

Risk of Land Degradation: A Case Study of Phu Yen Province, Vietnam

The issue of the land degradation vulnerability index (LDVI) is multifaceted, encompassing climate, soil, vegetation, policy formulation, and human actions. In Vietnam, the convergence of climatic fluctuations and human impact results in phenomena, such as soil sealing, erosion, salinization, and landscape fragmentation. These phenomena are recognized as significant triggers of land degradation. This paper seeks to present a method for assessing a land's susceptibility to degradation by utilizing ten ecological 10 criteria: NDVI; slope; bulk density (cg/cm3); cation exchange capacity in the soil (CEC; mmol(c)/kg); Soil organic carbon stock (SOC; dg/kg), pH; Nitrogen (N; cg/kg); soil thickness (cm); soil surface temperature LST (0C); precipitation of the driest quarter (mm). The research results show that Song Hinh and Son Hoa communes are standing on the most land degradation vulnerability. Some criteria that are considered important in assessing land degradation by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique are NDVI, followed by slope, nitrogen, bulk density, and soil thickness. The results of the study are consistent with records in localities that are often under pressure from drought. Extreme LDVI areas were larger identified on low mountains, slope terrain, and precipitation of driest quarter under 200mm, expanding on the agricultural areas with 40km2 total province agriculture area, followed by grassland (20.3 km2), natural forests (17.2 km2), plantation forests (8.2 km2), residences (8.2 km2), and bare land (8.15 km2). Poor land management practices, such as improper construction, inadequate water management, and lack of terracing, can contribute to soil erosion and land degradation. This LDVI assessment process can be applied to some tropical countries. The NDVI index combined with the slope, nitrogen, bulk density, and soil thickness can be exploratory indicators of land sensitivity to land degradation

Can a Short Food Supply Chain Create Sustainable Benefits for Small Farmers in Developing Countries? An Exploratory Study of Vietnam

A number of studies have indicated that short food supply chains could create economic, social, and environmental benefits, but most of those chains were implemented in developed countries. This research aims to find out the characteristics of short food supply chains and their benefits to small farmers in Vietnam, which is a developing country, based on the survey results from 338 small farmers in the third quarter of 2020, with the support of Stata 14 software. The results showed that the short food supply chains in the survey sample in Vietnam were characterized by two main actors: small farmers and distributors. Farmers could sell products flexibly at the local market. There was some initial evidence to prove that these chains helped to stabilize the input, output price, and revenue; formulated sustainable income; and increased the satisfaction and confidence of farmers. They eliminated gender discrimination in rural areas and improved livelihood for ethnic minorities. These chains also enhanced the mindset on green, organic, and clean production of farmers, which in turn created environmental benefits. COVID-19 has posed a negative impact on the income of farmers and made them change their production and sales method. Therefore, the research could suggest some policies to sustainably develop the short food supply chains in Vietnam in the future

Multiple Recurrent Acute Ischemic Strokes Treated by Thrombectomy in a Patient with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

BACKGROUND: Thrombectomy is recommended to treat for an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patient with anterior large vessel occlusion. However, there were neither detailed guidelines nor systematic reviews of acute ischemic stroke patients having multiple times or re-occluded arteries. CASE REPORT: In our case report, we struggled a multiple (4-times) AIS patient underwent by one intravenous r-tpA and 3 remaining of endovascular treatment of thrombectomy. Especially, the finding of both pulmonary embolism and cerebral arteries occlusion in this patient made us difficult to decide the appropriate treatment plan. The patient was considered having multiple cardiac thrombi pumping out to the brain and pulmonary vessels even in treatment with NOAC (New Oral Anticoagulant). Our priority, normally, was to recanalize the brain vessels compared to the pulmonary arteries. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, based on this noticed case study, we want to share our experiences on the diagnosis of ischemic stroke, the strategy in treatment and prevention with anticoagulant therapy

Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants during large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19, Vietnam, 2021

We analyzed 1,303 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from Vietnam, and found the Alpha and Delta variants were responsible for a large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19 in 2021. The Delta variant was confined to the AY.57 lineage and caused >1.7 million infections and >32,000 deaths. Viral transmission was strongly affected by nonpharmaceutical interventions

Risk Factors of Streptococcus suis Infection in Vietnam. A Case-Control Study

Background: Streptococcus suis infection, an emerging zoonosis, is an increasing public health problem across South East Asia and the most common cause of acute bacterial meningitis in adults in Vietnam. Little is known of the risk factors underlying the disease. Methods and Findings: A case-control study with appropriate hospital and matched community controls for each patient was conducted between May 2006 and June 2009. Potential risk factors were assessed using a standardized questionnaire and investigation of throat and rectal S. suis carriage in cases, controls and their pigs, using real-time PCR and culture of swab samples. We recruited 101 cases of S. suis meningitis, 303 hospital controls and 300 community controls. By multivariate analysis, risk factors identified for S. suis infection as compared to either control group included eating "high risk" dishes, including such dishes as undercooked pig blood and pig intestine (OR1 = 2.22; 95% CI = [1.15-4.28] and OR2 = 4.44; 95% CI = [2.15-9.15]), occupations related to pigs (OR1 = 3.84; 95% CI = [1.32-11.11] and OR2 = 5.52; 95% CI = [1.49-20.39]), and exposures to pigs or pork in the presence of skin injuries (OR1 = 7.48; 95% CI = [1.97-28.44] and OR2 = 15.96; 95% CI = [2.97-85.72]). S. suis specific DNA was detected in rectal and throat swabs of 6 patients and was cultured from 2 rectal samples, but was not detected in such samples of 1522 healthy individuals or patients without S. suis infection. Conclusions: This case control study, the largest prospective epidemiological assessment of this disease, has identified the most important risk factors associated with S. suis bacterial meningitis to be eating 'high risk' dishes popular in parts of Asia, occupational exposure to pigs and pig products, and preparation of pork in the presence of skin lesions. These risk factors can be addressed in public health campaigns aimed at preventing S. suis infectio