Partial Quicksort and weighted branching processes

In this dissertation we look at dierent two models of sorting algorithms based on divideand-conquer algorithms. Quicksort algorithm, sort an unsorted array of n distinct elements. Partial Quicksort sorts the l smallest elements in a list of length n. Both stochastic divide-and-conquer algorithms are widely studied. Our algorithm Quicksort on the y provides online the rst smallest, then second smallest and so on. If we stop at the l-th smallest, we obtain Partial Quicksort. We analyze the running time performance Yn of Quicksort on the y using the parameter l as time index. We show that, the process Yn converges not only in distribution, but also uniformly almost everywhere in D to a random variable Y . The distribution of y is characterized as a solution of a stochastic xed point equation with values in the space D of cadlag functions on the unit interval. This result includes the performance of Quicksort via l = n, respectively Y (1) in the limit

Neutrosophic Non-linear Regression based on Kuhn-Tucker Necessary Conditions

Correlation coefficient and regression analysis are the most applied statistical approaches accessible in numerous disciplines due to its applicability and relevance. The neutrosophic sets found their place into recent research, whereas the world is full of indeterminacy. Kuhn-Tuckers necessary conditions are used to obtain the estimated parameters for non-linear regression models. This estimation procedure can use for any data set of non-linear regression models. We present, in this paper, the concepts of neutrosophic correlation and non-linear regression based on Kuhn-Tuckers necessary conditions. we provide some comparative studies between single-valued neutrosophic set and interval-valued neutrosophic set. Next, we apply scoring methods by different research. Numerical example is given to explain the result presented in this study. The results showed that the proposed approach can yield a fitting curve for any data set in neutrosophic environment

In vitro antioxidant activities of resveratrol, cinnamaldehyde and their synergistic effect against cyadox-induced cytotoxicity in rabbit erythrocytes

This study was conducted to explore the potential benefits of using cinnamaldehyde (CIN), resveratrol (RES) separately or in combination on cyadox (CYA)-induced alterations in isolated rabbit erythrocytes. Erythrocytes suspensions were partitioned into 7 groups (5 replicates/group), 1st kept as control treated with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO); 2nd group was subjected to CYA (40 μg/ml), 3rd group was incubated with CIN (40 μM), 4th group was subjected to RES (40 μM), 5th group was co-exposed to CYA (40 μg/ml) and CIN (40 μM), 6th group was co exposed to CYA (40 μg/ml) and RES (40 μM), and 7th group was exposed to CYA in combination with both CIN and RES at the same indicated concentrations. The reaction mixtures of different groups were incubated at 37 °C for 3 h with gentle shaking every 15 minutes. Our results revealed that exposure to CYA caused a significant decrease (linear and quadratic) in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione transferase (GST). Incubation of erythrocytes with CYA increased GSSG content, GSSG/GSH ratio, malonaldehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PrC) concentrations while it decreased the total protein (TP). CYA also lead to hemolysis and energy depletion of erythrocytes beside activation of caspase cascades, suggesting the pro-oxidant effect CYA that could be implicated in eryptosis. CIN and RES were able to inverse these hazardous effects of CYA. However, CIN was more effective than RES, their combination showed a positive synergistic effect in protecting the cells against oxidative injury caused by CYA

Evaluation of Coronary Artery Bypass by CT Coronary Angiography

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is an accurate method for graft imaging and assessment than invasive coronary angiography (ICA). CTA has excellent sensitivity and specificity. The chapter describes the role of CTA in evaluation of coronary bypass graft. It covers the appropriate indications for performing CTA after bypass operation, patient preparation, as well as protocol and technique of CTA. The chapter describes the post-examination processing of the images and how to interpret CTA images for detection of graft patency or dysfunction as occlusion, partial thrombosis, poor blood flow, and stealing flow from native artery. According to the American College of Cardiology, the American College of Radiology, and the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging, graft patency assessment with CTA is an appropriate approach in symptomatic patients at risk for graft stenosis/occlusion. Cardiac CT can be used to assess the patency of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with high diagnostic accuracy compared with ICA and even with a better performance compared to the assessment of native coronaries

Determining of some physical and mechanical properties for designing tomato fruits cutting machine

الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو دراسة بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية لثلاثة أصناف من الطماطم (نسمة ، ماسة ، 2020) للمساعدة في تصميم وتطوير آلة محددة لتقطيع الطماطم إلى نصفين متطابقين لاستخدامها في التجفيف الشمسي المفتوح. . تم تقدير الخواص عند محتوى رطوبة ثابت لثلاثة أصناف طازجة (نسمة ، ماسة ، 2020) من الطماطم عند 62.57 ، 68.58 ، 69.36٪ ديسيبل على التوالي. أظهرت النتائج أن متوسط قيمة الأبعاد المحورية ، المرتفع (H) ، القطر الأكبر (D max .) ، والقطر الأدنى (D min)..) من العينات كانت 73.98 و 69.26 و 61.03 ملم و 63.28 و 59.89 و 53.32 ملم ، و 70.99 و 53.86 و 49.60 ملم لأصناف ثمار الطماطم نسما وماسة و 2020 على التوالي. بلغ متوسط قيمة القطر الحسابي ، القطر الهندسي لثلاثة أصناف (نسمة ، ماسة ، 2020) للطماطم 69.26 و 58.76 و 58.11 و 67.69 و 58.52 و 57.33 على التوالي. وبلغ متوسط قيمة الكتلة والكثافة 181.74 و 120.14 و 109.96 و 0.991 و 0.991 و 0.972 على التوالي. في حين؛ متوسط قيمة مساحة السطح ومعامل التعبئة والكروية ونسبة العرض إلى الارتفاع كانت 144.61 ، 107.93 ، 103.65. ، 0.533 ، 0.572 ، 0.562. ، 92.13 ، 92.67 ، 81.11 ، 94.48 ، 94.99 ، 76.39 على التوالي لأصناف (نسمة ، ماسة). و 2020). كانت أدنى قيم لمعامل الاحتكاك الساكن 0.427 ، 0.266 ، 0.242 مع الخشب الرقائقي بينما أعلى قيمة كانت 0.566 ، 0.310 ، 0. 388 مطاط من ثلاثة أصناف (نسمة ، ماسة ، 2020) على التوالي. وتعني قيم الصلابة كانت 4.70 و 5.95 و 4.9 نيوتن / سم2 لأصناف (نسمة ، ماسة ، 2020) على التوالي

Noninvasive assessment of elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in children with pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease: A comparative study between five different Doppler indices

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is an important hemodynamic parameter in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Noninvasive estimation of PVR represents an attractive alternative to invasive measurements.MethodsThe study included 175 patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to CHD. All patients underwent full echocardiographic study and invasive hemodynamic measurements. The study population was then subdivided into four subgroups. Each of the following Doppler indices was measured in one of these four subgroups: peak tricuspid regurgitant velocity (TRV), the ratio of the TRV to the velocity time integral of the right ventricular outflow tract (TRV/TVIRVOT), peak velocity of tricuspid annular systolic motion (TSm), heart rate corrected acceleration time and infliction time of the proximal left pulmonary artery (ATc, InTc). The data obtained was correlated with invasive PVR measurement. An ROC curve analysis was done to generate cutoff points with the highest balanced sensitivity and specificity to predict PVR>6WU/m2. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were compared with each other to determine the most reliable cutoff point in predicting elevated PVR>6WU/m2.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between both the TRV and TSm and invasive measurement of PVR (r=−0.511, 0.387 and P value=0.0002, 0.006 respectively). The TSm and TRV cutoff values were the most reliable to predict elevated PVR>6 WU/m2. A TSm cutoff value of ⩽16.16cm/s provided the best balanced sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (66.7%) to determine PVRCATH>6 WU/m2. A cutoff value less than 7.62cm/s had 100% specificity to predict PVRCATH>6 WU/m2. A TRV cutoff value of >3.96m/s provided the best balanced sensitivity (66.7%) and specificity (100%) to determine PVRCATH>6 WU/m2. Both TRV and TSm had the highest area under the ROC curve among the 5 DOPPLER indices studied.ConclusionPrediction of elevated PVR in children with PH secondary to CHD could be achieved noninvasively using a number of Doppler indices. Among the five Doppler indices examined in the current study, the peak TRV and the TSm of the lateral tricuspid annulus had the highest balanced sensitivity and specificity to predict PVRI>6 WU/m2

Experimental Evaluation of Zero Energy PG Office Under Natural and Forced Ventilation

With the rapid rise of energy consumption in the world, lowering the energy needs of our houses and buildings can have a significant effect on our future. Up to 66% of our household energy consumption can be reduced by using passive design techniques like natural ventilation discussed in this project. The effectiveness of the natural and forced ventilation systems of the present zero-energy house is to be studied experimentally and discussed in this project. The main aim of such systems is to achieve thermal comfort without using any energy from the grid. In this project, thermal comfort is measured using Fanger’s PMV method in accordance with ASHRAE standards. The method depends on air temperature, radiant air temperature, relative humidity, activity level and clothing levels. Data collection is carried out for 4 days under each system and the resulting thermal comfort then calculated. Using the forced ventilation system drops the maximum air temperature by 6oC and improves the thermal comfort by 46%. Although the achieved thermal comfort is not within ASHRAE-55 standards, the results show a considerable improvement in thermal comfort without the use of the grid’s energy. Further study into the construction of the office is needed to achieve thermal comfort levels within the accepted levels by ASHRAE-55 standards

Effect of Levosimendan Compared to Conventional Inotropic Agents on Hemodynamics and Outcome in Patient with Poor LV Function Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing heart surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) experience global myocardial ischemia with subsequent reperfusion which, despite cardioplegic protection, may result in different degrees of transient ventricular dysfunction. Levosimendan is a “calcium sensitisersâ€, it improves myocardial contractility by sensitising troponin C to calcium without increasing myocardial oxygen consumption and without impairing relaxation and diastolic function. AIM: To evaluate the adding effect of a calcium sensitiser (levosimendan) compared to the conventional inotropic and vasoactive agent used in the patient with poor left ventricular function undergoing cardiac surgery on different measured hemodynamic variables and the effect on the outcome. METHODS: It is prospective observational studies were patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. The first Group received conventional inotropic and vasoactive treatment at different doses, while the other group received levosimendan additionally at a loading dose of 6-12mic/kg according to mean arterial pressure over 0.5 hr followed by 24 hrs infusion at 0.05 to 0.2 mic/kg/min. Hemodynamic data were collected at the end and 30 minutes after CPB, after that at 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours post CPB. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), heart rate (HR), mixed venous saturation (Svo2), and base deficit (BD) were measured. RESULTS: Levosimendan had significantly improved postoperative hemodynamic values as in the mixed venous pressure at different times postoperative (p < 0.05), also the base deficit at different times postoperative (p < 0.05), while there was a significant reduction in systemic vascular resistance as decreased mean arterial pressure in levosimendan group compared to conventional group at 6hrs postoperative mean 77.50 ± 10.81 vs 83.73 ± 10.81 with (p = 0.029), and at 12 hrs postoperative mean 77.37 ± 10.10vs 84.23 ± 13.81 with (p = 0.032), and there was no significant difference in heart rate at different times postoperative between both groups (p > 0.05), while there was no significant effect on mortality between both groups (p = 0.781). CONCLUSION: Levosimendan had improved hemodynamic parameters significantly with no effect on mortality compared to conventional inotropic agents in a patient with poor left ventricular function undergoing cardiac surgery