The Relationship between Nurses' Professional Shared Governance and Their Work Empowerment at Mansoura University and Specialized Medical Hospitals

The concept of shared governance in nursing first emerged in the 1980s and was based on principles from organizational development models. Shared governance is defined as an organizational model that allows nurses to have control over their practice as well as influence in administrative areas. Today shared governance is a key empowerment mechanism in nursing organizations. Staff empowerment is fundamental to shared governance, including both the state of empowerment itself and the structures that facilitate it. Hence, the present study aims to examine the relationship between nurses perceptions of professional shared governance and their working empowerment at Mansoura University Hospital and Specialized Medical Hospital. Descriptive correlational design was utilized in the present study. The study subjects includes 133 nurses working in all inpatient surgical departments at Mansoura University Hospital and all general medical inpatient departments at Specialized Medical Hospital. Two tools were used for data collection, namely; Index of Professional Nursing Governance (IPNG) and Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire. The study findings indicated that there were significant relationship between nurses perceptions of professional shared governance and their working empowerment. It is recommended to there is a need for nurse managers’ to implement empowering strategies such as shared governance that afford staff nurses the opportunity to have control over nursing practice and promote quality nursing care. In addition to support governance strategies by providing education and development of both managers and staff.

Influence of Corporate Values and Beliefs on Consumer Behavior

This thesis asks if corporations are better off expressing their values publicly or best if value are best left unannounced. Researchers such as Caldwell (2017) and Caraway’s (2016) work will be cited regarding individual corporate responses to consumer’s reactions to the company’s values. However, there is yet to be a comparative case study between multiple corporations including Chick-Fil-A, Nike, Ben & Jerry’s, Walmart, TOMS, Equinox Group, and PepsiCo. This thesis utilizes comparative case studies analyzed using thematic analysis to compare companies that have expressed their values publicly and how those expressions influenced consumers. The findings could help corporations decide if taking a stand is a worthwhile endeavor, or if it is preferable say nothing and maintain their customer base

Characteristics of Magnet Nursing Work Environment that Promotes Patient Safety Culture at Mansoura University Oncology Center

The Magnet hospital concept and related criteria have drawn the consideration of researchers and nurses for more than twenty years. Nurses assume an essential part in forming health policy in any nation by observing the problems in the healthcare organizations and evaluating its effects. They understand where enhancements are required to shape care, rise access, enhance proficiency and quality of health services, and encourage prevention. Perfection in nursing care has been connected with constructive results for both nurses and patients. To accomplish magnet status, hospitals should provide confirmation of having band of attributes as exemplary professional practice; knowledge; structural empowerment, improvements, and innovation; and transformational leadership. These attributes act together to shape a positive workplace that ought to prompt better results. Magnet designation gives a helpful mechanism for assessing and changing nursing workplace to be more proficient. Many of the recent efforts concentrated on enhancing patient safety and quality. Less efforts has been focused on enhancing nursing care to improve patient safety. Hence, the present determine the relationship between magnetism dimensions and patient safety culture in inpatient units at Oncology Center Mansoura University (OCMU). A descriptive correlation design was used. Sample of the study consisted of all nurses (n=95 nurses) working in inpatient units in the Oncology Center Mansoura University. Two tools were used for data collection, namely; Magnetism Dimensions Scale and Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire. A major finding of the present study there was a statistically significant correlation between magnetism dimensions and patient safety culture in inpatient units. It was concluded that the nurse administrators play an important role in establishing conditions for magnet work environment  that support patient safety culture. It was recommended that additional researches are needed to correlate patient outcomes to magnet issues. Key words: nursing work environment, Magnet, Magnet Recognition Program, Forces of Magnetism professional practice environments, quality, patient safet

Head Nurses ' Job Demands and Resources and its Relationship with Their Work Engagement at Mansoura University Hospitals

Hospitals are challenged to achieve consistently superior patient outcomes while facing mounting financial constraints. Work engagement contributes to a variety of benefits for employees and the organizations for which they work. Engaged heath care professional are energized, dedicated, and motivated to persevere and complete their work. The Job Demands-Resources (JDR) model is a conceptual framework used to explain employee engagement in the workplace. The importance of work engagement has been widely recognized at an individual and an organizational level. It is important to gain a deeper understanding into the aspects of the role that enable head nurses to feel engaged.  The aim of the present study is to determine relationships between head nurses job demands and resources with their work engagement. A descriptive correlation design was used in carrying out this study. All head nurses (n=179) who working in all general units at four Mansoura University Hospitals namely; Main University Hospital, Emergency Hospital, Pediatric Hospital, and Specialized Medical Hospital were included in the study. Three tools were used for data collection, namely; Job Demands Scale, Job Resources Scale, and Work Engagement Scale. A major finding of the present study there was statistically significant correlation between head nurses' job demands-resources components and their work engagement. It was concluded that job resources play a significant role in the work engagement of head nurses and four components of job resources namely; performance feedback, growth opportunities, organizational support and job control were predictors of work engagement. It is recommended that to promote head nurses' work engagement, it is necessary to acknowledge job demands and resources because it is play an important role in their work engagement

High Performance Work Systems that Promote Nurses' Job Performance at Main Mansoura University Hospital

Today, health care organizations live in a dynamic, ambiguous, and changeable environment. Due to these dynamics new challenges faces organizations to improve their performance through applying High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) and removing the obstacles in the direction of organizational effectiveness. However, on high-performance work systems define work environment as being comprised of a bundle of practices to engaged employees and positive individual, unit, and organizational outcomes. This bundle includes but extends beyond sufficient material resources and support for the work itself. It also encompasses managerial practices, such as an emphasis on worker discretion and participation in decision making; facilitation of communication and information sharing; and human resource management practices focused on developing workers’ skills and recruiting and retaining qualified workers. Hence, the present explore the relationship between nurses' perception of high-performance work systems and  their job performance in surgical units at Main Mansura University Hospital. The study subjects include 57nurses working in all inpatient surgical departments at Mansoura University Hospital. Three tools were used for data collection, namely; Observation Checklist of Nurses, Performance, High Performance Work Systems Scale, and Opinion Questionnaire Sheet. The study findings indicated there were significant relationship between high performance work systems and nurses’ job performance. Furthermore, the hypothesis that there is some variable that effect on nurses performance which perceived by study subjects as physical working condition, workload, job security, nurses' job autonomy and role clarity. It is recommended to the developed high performance work system imposed by organizations should be included employment security; selective hiring; extensive training; self-managed teams and decentralized decision making; information sharing; transformational leadership; high-quality work and reduced status distinctions to improve nurses’ job performance and organizational outcomes. Keywords: High Performance Work Systems (HPWS), High Performance Work Practices (HPWPs), Human Resource Management (HRM), High Performance Work Environment, Nurses’ job performance, Task performance and Contextual performanc

Factors Affecting Nursing Students’ Motivation to Success and Its Relation to Their Satisfaction and Retention in Bachelor Nursing Program

Baccalaureate nursing programs are under increased pressure to graduate greater numbers of students to meet the demands of the nurse workforce of the future. Motivation plays an invaluable part for the explanation of causes of behavior, predicting effects of actions, and directing behavior to achieve goals. Student motivation is an essential element that is necessary for quality education. Baccalaureate nursing students who are unsuccessful in their nursing program wastes faculty and student time and drain university resources. The motivational field is an area needs further investigation because of enhancing student motivation to continue and progress is a key aspect to accomplishing future academic outcomes. Therefore, the current study aims to identify factors that affecting nursing students’ motivation to success and its relation with their satisfaction and retention. A descriptive correlation design was used in this study. The study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. The total number of students who participated in the study was 144 students from different academic levels except level three. Four tools were used for data collection namely': Nursing Student Learning Motivation Scale (NSLMS), Nursing Students Professional Satisfaction (NSPS), Nursing students' Retention Questionnaire (NSRQ), and Open-ended Questionnaire. A major finding of this study there was a statistical positive relation between nursing students' motivational factors and their retention in bachelor program. And majority of students reported that most intrinsic motivational factors is interesting and indispensable nursing profession and they reported that willingness to work with those who will motivate them and enthusiasm of the class on the whole as extrinsic motivational factors. And the majority of students' not satisfied with clinical experience Also, the common obstacles affecting nursing students' retention in their program was a financial resource is not adequate & and followed by not enthusiasm of the class on the whole and no academic preparation to succeed in the nursing program. It is recommended that developing strategies that enhance nursing students' motivation to success in bachelor program and improving satisfaction for clinical experiences. Keywords: Nursing education, Nursing students, Bachelor of Science in Nursing , Motivation factors, Students' satisfaction, Grade Point Average, Students' retentio

Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Building - Foundation Soil Systems

This paper deals with the problem of nonlinear seismic analysis of building - foundation soil systems. The building considered is modeled as a shear - type building supported on the surface of homogeneous isotropic elastic half-space. The governing nonlinear equations of motion for the structure - soil system are solved in the time domain using the step-by-step linear acceleration method of analysis with Wilson-e modification. Different nonlinear models to simulate the behaviour of reinforced concrete under cyclic loading are used. A parametric study has been performed on a single story shear-type building with different natural frequencies supported on the surface of different soils to show the effect of different parameters on the behaviour of such structures under seismic excitation. These parameters include the type of soil, the soil conditions, the structure flexibility, and the type of analysis (elastic or inelastic). The results show that the soil rigidity, the soil layer depth, and the structure period have great influence on the response of such structures

Developing Proactive Protocol for Blood-borne and Body Fluids Infections Prevention among Students of Health Professional Colleges in King Khalid University

Background: Exposure to blood and body fluids is an important hazard for health professional students, which places them at a high risk for blood-borne infections. They are exposed to blood-borne diseases most commonly through accidental needle sticks and sharp injuries. Blood-borne infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The introduction of safety measures guide to prevent accidental blood-borne infections in health professional college curricula are essential. Hence, the present study aims develop proactive protocol for prevention of blood borne and body fluids infections among nursing, medical, and dental students in King Khalid University. Setting; the study was conducted at Faculty of Medicine, Dental, and Nursing in University Center for the Study of Female Students at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. Subjects; a purposive sample of 300 female students, 130 from nursing, 126 from medical, and 44 from dental program were included in the present study. Tool; a questionnaire sheet developed by researchers based on reviewing related literature and consists of five parts was used for data collection. Results and Conclusion; the majority of studied participants reported the needle-stick injuries occur when drawing intravenous blood and giving patient intravenous injection, the primary factor lead to sharp injures is broken some ampoule and using sharp instruments, they need to know preventive and precautions to prevent blood-born infection and equipment uses to avoid it. Also it was found no significant difference between participant students regarding their attitude toward standard percussion and preventive measures for blood borne infection. Recommendations; Findings of the present study have important implication for developing a Proactive Protocol of Blood-borne and Body Fluids Infections prevention among students of nursing, medical, dental colleges. This focused on proactive and controlling blood-borne infection diseases, needle-stick, and sharp injuries and lead to a healthy life of students. Key words: proactive protocol, blood-borne infection, Needle stick injuries, Sharps injuries, health professional collages Abbreviations: HCWs healthcare workers, HIV immunodeficiency virus, HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, NSISIs needle stick & sharp injuries, OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration, PEP post-exposure prophylaxis, CDC Disease Control and Prevention, SPs standard precautions, UP universal precautions, BBFEs blood and body fluid exposures, PPE personnel protective equipment.

Formulation, evaluation and optimization of miconazole nitrate tablet prepared by foam granulation technique

The aim of our study was to utilize novel foam granulation technique in formulation of miconazole nitrate; a model hydrophobic drug as oral disintegrating tablets "ODT" particularly to enhance its bioavailability. Foam granulation technique has additional advantages over the other traditional granulation technique since; it enhances the granulation process and produce acceptable tablets. Fractional factorial design was used to investigate the effect of formulation and processing variables on the prepared miconazole ODT. The prepared granules were evaluated by measuring their density, flowability, granules size and shape, and granules wetting time. The quality attributes of the prepared tablets; drug content, tablet thickness, uniformity of weight, tablet tensile strength, friability, disintegration, and dissolution were also evaluated. The results indicated that, the prepared granules showed acceptable characteristics and is significantly affected by the disintegrant type, urea concentration, and the lubricant type. The quality attributes of the tablets were not affected by the processing parameters. From the prepared formulas; F20, F19, F12, and F20 displayed 18, 35, 35, and 40 seconds disintegration time respectively and the percent of dissolution after 15 minutes ranged from 94.4-100%. These results ascertained that foam granulation technique fulfill the requirement in preparation of miconazole ODT. Key words: miconazole nitrate, foam granulation, oral disintegrating tablet

Nanoporous Carbon Materials toward Phenolic Compounds Adsorption

Nanoporous carbon-based sorbents are used to generate a three-dimensional real-space model of the nanoporous structure using the concept of Gaussian random fields. This pore model is used to derive important pore size characteristics, which are cross-validated against the corresponding values from gas sorption analysis. After filling the model pore structure with an aqueous electrolyte and rearranging the ions via a Monte Carlo simulation for different applied adsorption potentials. In comparison to nanopores formed from solid-state membranes (e.g., silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, polymer membranes, glass, hafnium oxide, gold, etc.) and very recently 2D materials (e.g., boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, etc.), those nanopores produced from carbon materials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), diamond, etc.), especially those from graphene appear to be perfect for adsorption process. The thickness of carbon structures nanopores can be as thin as 0.35 nm, resembling the height of the base spacing. Moreover, the sizes of carbon structures nanopores can be precisely fabricated and tuned to around 1.0 nm, the similar size of many heavy metals and organic pollutants molecules. Furthermore, carbon materials are chemically stable and feature-rich surface chemistry. Therefore, various carbon nanopore sequencing techniques have been developed. Finally, in this chapter the adsorption of phenolic compounds on nanoporous carbon specifically the active carbon are overviewed and how to affect the heterogeneity of activated carbon surface, PH of the solution on the efficiency of adsorption