The effectiveness of a program based on the access to the syntax of the text in the development of the skills of the creative written composition of the secondary school students

The current study aims at the preparation of the program of language training in the light of the access to the syntax of the text, its tracking and impact in improving the skills of the creative written composition of the secondary school students. The study was based on its procedures to a set of tools - all of which are the preparation of the researcher - starting: a list of the skills of the creative written composition of the targeted creative development necessary for students at the secondary stage, a training program was designed in the form of educational meetings by improving the performance of the students in those specific skills in advance, to test the creative written composition to determine the extent of the effectiveness of the proposed program in achieving what has been designed. The study was applied on a sample of students in grade one Delingat Secondary school for Boys Benin, Beheira Governorate, the number (62) students, have been divided into two groups: an experimental group (32) students, a controlling group (30) students. The final results of the study assured the effectiveness of the proposed program and strategy; where there were Differentiating Statistical Data between the approximate and degrees of the sample members; where those differences were proved in the direction of the experimental Group for the benefit of dimensional measurement; compared with the performance of their fellow members of the controlling group

Immunoexpression of cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinomas is not correlated with survival outcome

AbstractBackgroundColon and colorectal cancer (CRC) research has entered a new era with recent updates of molecular events and prognostic markers. Among other prognostic markers, exaggerated expression of nuclear CCND1 has key role in tumour pathogenesis and metastases of CRC and has also been claimed to predict response to treatment.ObjectivesThis study was designed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of CCND1 in CRC and the correlation of CCND1 expression with the different clinicopathological parameters.MethodsParaffin blocks from 117 primary CRC were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Pathology at King Abdulaziz University. Tissue microarrays were designed and constructed. The immunostaining of CCND1 was performed and analysed.ResultsThere were more cases with low nuclear immunoexpression of CCND1in both primary tumours and nodal metastasis (p<0.001). Cyclin D1 did not show association with clinicopathological features except with lymphovascular invasion. Low nuclear immunoexpression of CCND1 was associated with negative lymphovascular invasion (p=0.046). There was no statistically significant correlation between CCND1 immunoexpression and survival probability (Log Rank=2.474, p=0.116).ConclusionOur study indicates that CCND1 immunoexpression cannot be used as a predictor of survival in CRC. It also shows no significant correlation with clinicopathological features except with lymphovascular invasion

First national survival data for colorectal cancer among Saudis between 1994 and 2004: what’s next?

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignancy in the Saudi population. This study aimed to review CRC data from the Saudi Cancer Registry (SCR) in order to evaluate the prognostic factors for CRC survival in Saudi patients. Methods This study was a retrospective censored overall survival (OS) analysis of CRC data for the period 1994–2004 obtained from the SCR. Data were collected from all 13 administrative regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) by the SCR in collaboration with the National Information Center of the Ministry of Interior. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative survival rate, which was then stratified by gender and by period (1994–1999 versus 2000–2004). The clinico-pathological variables that might affect CRC survival were analyzed by Cox regression analysis. Results Between 1994 and 2004, 549 CRC cases were diagnosed (363 [66.1%] in males and 186 [33.9%] in females). The OS for CRC during this period was 44.6% (44.7% for 1994–1999 and 44.3% for 2000–2004 [p=0.7]). There was a significant (p=0.003) discrepancy of 9.6% between the male five-year OS (41.0%) and the female five-year OS (50.6%). The five-year OS was 63.3% for patients with localized disease, 50.2% for those with regional disease, and 14.7% for patients with metastases. By Cox regression analysis, age and extent were significant prognostic factors of survival in patients with colon cancer; the risk was higher in patients with distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-5.45; p=0.01). In patients with rectal cancer, the risk was lower in males (HR, 0.66; CI, 0.45-0.98; p=0.04), but higher in patients with unknown tumor extent (HR, 3.70; 95% CI, 1.66-8.24; p=0.01). Conclusions The five-year OS for 1994–2004 was 44.6% for patients with CRC. More so, five-year OS based on CRC stage was generally lower than the typically reported survival rates. The establishment of a national screening program and increased access to specialized medical faculties may be necessary to improve CRC survival in the KSA.</p

Effect of Pegylated Interferon on Non-Responders and Relapsers with Interferon

Objectives: To assess whether a combination of pegylated interferon (interferon conjugated with polyethylene glycol) and ribavirin can improve the response rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C who either did not respond to (Non-responders), or had relapsed after responding to (Relapsers) standard interferon and ribavirin combination therapy. Patients and methods: In this prospective study, 20 chronic hepatitis C patients (comprising 16 Non-responders and 4 Relapsers to previous treatment with alpha interferon and ribavirin), were treated with pegylated interferon-2b weekly and ribavirin daily for one year. Eleven patients had genotype 4, eight were of genotype 1 and one patient had genotype 3. Response to treatment was determined based on normalisation of liver enzymes and negative viral load (assessed using qualitative HCV RNA PCR) at end of treatment (ETR) and 6 months off treatment (SVR). Results: Seven patients (35%) achieved normalisation of liver enzymes and negative viral load at the end of treatment. However, only 2 patients (10%) managed to retain these levels after six months off treatment. The latter two patients had been previous Relapsers. Conclusion: Combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin may be beneficial in previous relapsers with standard interferon-ribavirin combination therapy, but is unlikely to achieve sustained virological response in non-responders.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression as a predictor of outcome in colorectal carcinoma

AIM: To correlate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression profile with clinical and pathological variables to assess their prognostic/predictive value in colorectal carcinoma (CRC)