Народне лікування деякими видами грибів

У статті зроблено спробу дослідити засоби народного лікування грибами, зокрема білими грибами й мухоморами, та лексику, яка їх репрезентує, що є джерелом не лише діалектологічних пошуків, але й етнолінгвістичних.В статье сделана попытка исследовать способы народного лечения грибами, в частности белыми грибами и мухоморами, и лексику, которая их представляет, что есть источником не только диалектологических поисков, но и этнолингвистических.In the article «Folk Treatment with Some Fungus Species» the author endeavoured to research into the means of folk treatment with funguses, edible boletuses and fly agarics in particular as well as the vocabulary which represents them and serves as a source of not only dialectological search but also ethnolinguistic one

Oxidation of volatile organic vapours in air by solid potassium permanganate

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may frequently contaminate groundwater and pose threat to human health when migrating into the unsaturated soil zone and upward to the indoor air. The kinetic of chemical oxidation has been investigated widely for dissolved VOCs in the saturated zone. But, so far there have been few studies on the use of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) of vapour phase contaminants. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE), ethanol, and toluene vapours by solid potassium permanganate. Results revealed that solid potassium permanganate is able to transform the vapour of these compounds into harmless oxidation products. The degradation rates for TCE and ethanol were higher than for toluene. The degradation process was modelled using a kinetic model, linear in the gas concentration of VOC [ML−3] and relative surface area of potassium permanganate grains (surface area of potassium permanganate divided by gas volume) [L−1]. The second-order reaction rate constants for TCE, ethanol, and toluene were found to be equal to 2.0 × 10−6 cm s−1, 1.7 × 10−7 cm s−1, and 7.0 × 10−8 cm s−1, respectively

Oxidation of trichloroethylene, toluene, and ethanol vapors by a partially saturated permeable reactive barrier

The mitigation of volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors in the unsaturated zone largely relies on the active removal of vapor by ventilation. In this study we considered an alternative method involving the use of solid potassium permanganate to create a horizontal permeable reactive barrier for oxidizing VOC vapors. Column experiments were carried out to investigate the oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE), toluene, and ethanol vapors using a partially saturated mixture of potassium permanganate and sand grains. Results showed a significant removal of VOC vapors due to the oxidation. We found that water saturation has a major effect on the removal capacity of the permeable reactive layer. We observed a high removal efficiency and reactivity of potassium permanganate for all target compounds at the highest water saturation (Sw = 0.6). A change in pH within the reactive layer reduced oxidation rate of VOCs. The use of carbonate minerals increased the reactivity of potassium permanganate during the oxidation of TCE vapor by buffering the pH. Reactive transport of VOC vapors diffusing through the permeable reactive layer was modeled, including the pH effect on the oxidation rates. The model accurately described the observed breakthrough curve of TCE and toluene vapors in the headspace of the column. However, miscibility of ethanol in water in combination with produced water during oxidation made the modeling results less accurate for ethanol. A linear relationship was found between total oxidized mass of VOC vapors per unit volume of permeable reactive layer and initial water saturation. This behavior indicates that pH changes control the overall reactivity and longevity of the permeable reactive layer during oxidation of VOCs. The results suggest that field application of a horizontal permeable reactive barrier can be a viable technology against upward migration of VOC vapors through the unsaturated zone