CLOUD COMPUTING IN AGRICULTURE – AN BOON

In India, around 75% of the population earns its livelihood from agriculture. It fulfills the basic need of human beings and animals. It is an important source of raw material for many agro-based industries. India’s geographical condition is unique for agriculture because it provides many favorable conditions. There are plain areas, fertile soil, long growing seasons, wide variation in climatic condition, etc. Apart from unique geographical conditions, India has been consistently making innovative efforts using science and technology to increase production. In that one the major booming sector is cloud computing, i.e., Cloud-agro revolution. Due to my passion in agriculture and tied to implement my research area in cloud. Today’s agriculture is embedded with advance services such as GPS and sensors [1] which is used to communicate with each other and also used to analyses and exchange Agri Information’s among them. IT provides services in the form of cloud to agriculture. Agri-cloud and IT offers expertise service to farmers regarding cultivation of crops, pricing, fertilizers, and diseases details and methods of cure to be used etc. In this field, there are huge discoveries, suggestions regarding modern techniques for cultivation, usage of fertilizers, can obtain cultivation history of the region, etc. In this paper, our study was based on is to design and implement a simple cloud-based application on Agriculture System which is based on agri-cloud that enhance agriculture production and also enhance the availability of data related to research projects in field

Influence of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations on methane emission and its associated soil microflora in rice ecosystem

The dynamics of methane emission and its associated soil microflora in rice ecosystem as a response to elevated CO2 concentrations were studied in open top chamber (OTC) conditions. The treatments consisted of three levels of CO2 (396, 550 and 750 µmol mol-1) and three levels of nitrogen (0, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and replicated five times in a completely randomized design. The data showed that elevated [CO2] significantly (P ? 0.01) increased the DOC throughout the cropping period with the values ranging from 533 to 722 mg L-1 and 368 to 501 mg L-1 in C750 and Camb, respectively. Methane emission rates were monitored regularly during the experiment period and it was revealed that elevated [CO2] had increased the methane emissions regardless of stages of crop growth.  It was observed that methane emissions were significantly higher under [CO2] of 750 µmol mol-1 by 33 to 54 per cent over the ambient [CO2] of 396 µmol mol-1. Consistent with the observed increases in methane flux, the enumeration of methanogens showed a significant (P ? 0.01) increase under elevated [CO2] with the population ranging from 5.7 to 20.1 x 104 CFU g-1 of dry soil and 5.1 to 16.9 x 104 CFU g-1 of dry soil under C750 and Camb concentrations, respectively. Interestingly, even though higher methanotrophs population was recorded under elevated [CO2], it could not circumvent the methane emission. Overall, the results of OTC studies suggest that methane mitigation strategies need to be explored for the future high CO2 environments.

ASSESSMENT OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS OCCURRING AT DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence and pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported from the department of neurology of a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India.Methods: It is a hospital-based prospective, observational study, conducted among the inpatients of all age groups of either sex for a period of 6 months. ADRs were reported by the clinical pharmacists and physicians of this hospital. ADRs obtained were categorized based on its causality, severity, preventability, predictability, and outcomes. Binary logistic regression was carried out to identify the predictors of ADR and Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed for survival analysis.Results: A total of 250 patients were enrolled for the study in which 108 (43%) patients were presented with at least one ADR and a total of 212 ADRs were observed. The highest rate of ADRs was observed with antiepileptics 61 (29.5%). The most commonly reported that ADRs were skin reactions 23 (10.8%). Causality was assessed using three different scales which showed that most of the ADRs were probable. Severity, preventability, and predictability were assessed, of which 125 (59%) ADRs were moderate, 192 (90.6%) ADRs were probably preventable, and 156 (73.6%) ADRs were predictable, respectively. The outcomes showed that 150 (70.1%) patients recovered from the reactions. Predictors such as polypharmacy and duration of stay were found to be significant.Conclusion: The study concluded that the prevalence of ADRs in the department of neurology is high. Thus, early detection and management of ADRs are essential to avoid further complications of the reaction

Painlev\'e Analysis, Prelle-Singer Approach, Symmetries and Integrability of Damped H\'enon-Heiles System

We consider a modified damped version of H\'enon-Heiles system and investigate its integrability. By extending the Painlev\'e analysis of ordinary differential equations we find that the modified H\'enon-Heiles system possesses the Painlev\'e property for three distinct parametric restrictions. For each of the identified cases, we construct two independent integrals of motion using the well known Prelle-Singer method. We then derive a set of nontrivial non-point symmetries for each of the identified integrable cases of the modified H\'enon-Heiles system. We infer that the modified H\'enon-Heiles system is integrable for three distinct parametric restrictions. Exact solutions are given explicitly for two integrable cases.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Mathematical Physic

Determination of metformin and triclosan in sewage sludge using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are generally neither totally removed by sewage treatment nor completely destroyed in the environment. Metformin (MET) and triclosan (TRI) are two compounds in PPCPs that have the potential to be environmental pollutants. This research aimed to determine MET and TRI in sewage sludge using a liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LCMS-8040) and a sewage sludge extraction method. The Milli-Q water and sewage sludge were also tested at three different MET and TRI concentrations (0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 mg L-1). As a result, the corresponding recoveries of MET and TRI in both matrixes ranged from 85.93 to 116.10 per cent and 90.50 to 116.30 per cent (n = 7, RSD < 10%). Then, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) for MET and TRI were found to be 0.005 and 0.01 mg L-1. The amounts of MET and TRI in the sewage sludge samples from the Ukkadam sewage treatment plant (USTP), Coimbatore, ranged from BDL to 0.0587 mg L-1 and 0.0719 to 0.1851 mg L-1, respectively. Consequently, the amounts of MET and TRI in the sewage sludge samples from the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University sewage treatment plant (TSTP), Coimbatore, ranged from BDL to 0.0227 mg L-1 and 0.0393 to 0.1296 mg L-1, respectively. This exclusive use of the highly sensitive LCMS-8040 consumes less time than other analytical methods for measuring the amount of MET and TRI in sewage sludge by overcoming the risk of chemical degradation

First draft genome sequence of a UK strain (UK99) of Fusarium culmorum

Fusarium culmorum is a soilborne fungal plant pathogen that causes foot and root rot and Fusarium head blight on small-grain cereals, in particular on wheat and barley. We report herein the draft genome sequence of a 1998 field strain called FcUK99 adapted to the temperate climate found in England