Fixed bed adsorption study for removing of reactive orange 16 and acid red 114 dyes from aqueous solution using Kenaf

Kenaf fiber has proved its ability to remove dyes from aqueous solutions. This natural material is characterized by its abundant, relatively low cost and eco-friendly. In this study, kenaf core fiber was modified by adding trimethyl-chloro-bilateral-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as a quaternizing agent to the constituent in order to increase its ability to adsorb dyes more efficiently. In fixed bed column model, Adsorption experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of height, initial dye concentration, flow rate, and regeneration. Maximum bed capacity, percentage dye removal and equilibrium dye uptake were determined and breakthrough curves were plotted. It was observed that adsorption was higher at lower flow rate, higher bed depth and lower initial dye concentration for two dyes. Maximum bed capacity of 3.25 g was obtained at a flow rate of 10 ml/min, bed height of 7.5 cm and initial dye concentration of 100 ppm. Data from column studies were fitted to three well established column models, Thomas model, Adams-Bohart model and Yoon-Nelson model. The experimental data were in good agreement with theoretical results. The study revealed the applicability of kenaf in fixed bed column for removal of dyes

Adsorption of anionic dye using cationic surfactant - modified kenaf core fibers

Kenaf is a widely cultivated crop, particularly in the tropics. Kenaf core fiber (KCF) is a natural cellulose fiber derived from the plant and it is an important raw material for a variety of products. An attempt was made to chemically quaternized KCF (QKCF) as an adsorbent to increase adsorption affinity towards anionic reactive red-RB dye (RR). KCF was quaternized by treating with (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride under basic condition. The efficiency of QKCF was investigated by adsorption studies for removing anionic RR dye from aqueous solutions. All experiments were conducted at a batch system and influential parameters cover pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, agitation speed, temperature, and contact time were investigated. Studies showed that removal efficiency of RR dye increases with increasing the adsorbent dose, agitation speed, temperature, and contact time. The equilibrium data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 169.5 mg/g, and the kinetic data were found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In general, QKCF could be suggested as an efficient and low-cost adsorbent for removal anionic dyes