Workers' Satisfaction with Grievance-Handling Procedure: A Study on the Selected Garment Factories in Bangladesh

Employees are the most important asset in the organization. There should always be a good relationship between employer and employee. If employees are happy in the organization, then the organization can move towards success. Satisfaction towards grievance handling procedure is important in this regard since one of the most important consequences of mishandling of grievances is labor unrest. An employee’s grievance can be over the wage and salary, working hours, condition of work premises, employment conditions, etc. Keeping the views in mind, this study was conducted to examine the level of satisfaction towards different dimensions of grievance handling procedure and its influence on overall satisfaction among workers in some selected factories in the Readymade Garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. Data was collected using the Grievance Handling Procedure Questionnaire. A total of 284 garment workers from different garment factories located in Dhaka, Gazipur, and Narayanganj took part in the survey. Measures of central tendency, dispersion, and association have been used as part of descriptive statistics while multiple linear regression analysis has been used to identify significant predictors of turnover intention. The results indicated that four dimensions of grievance handling procedure, i.e., a decision given, time taken for solving grievance, follow up mechanism, and attitude of supervisors significantly predict workers’ overall satisfaction. However, structural features of the grievance procedure were found statistically insignificant. Finally, it was concluded that if managers and supervisors are well trained and workers’ grievances are handled effectively, they will be encouraged, assured, and will have positive feelings towards their organization and this would increase their overall satisfaction and, thereby, productivity

Global aerodynamic instability of twin cylinders in cross flow

This paper comprises an in-depth physical discussion of the flow-induced vibration of two circular cylinders in view of the time-mean lift force on stationary cylinders and interaction mechanisms. The gap-spacing ratio T/D is varied from 0.1 to 5 and the attack angle a from 0¡ to 180¡ where T is the gap width between the cylinders and D is the diameter of a cylinder. Mechanisms of interaction between two cylinders are discussed based on time-mean lift, fluctuating lift, flow structures and flow-induced responses. The whole regime is classified into seven interaction regimes, i.e., no interaction regime; boundary layer and cylinder interaction regime; shear-layer/wake and cylinder interaction regime; shear-layer and shear-layer interaction regime; vortex and cylinder interaction regime; vortex and shear-layer interaction regime; and vortex and vortex interaction regime. Though a single non-interfering circular cylinder does not correspond to a galloping following quasi-steady galloping theory, two circular cylinders experience violent galloping vibration due to shear-layer/wake and cylinder interaction as well as boundary layer and cylinder interaction. A larger magnitude of fluctuating lift communicates to a larger amplitude vortex excitation.http:// www.elsevier.com/locate/jfshb2013ai201

Fluid dynamics around twin cylinders and interactions

Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Mauritius, 11-13 July, 2011.Multiple cylindrical structures are widely seen in engineering. Flow interference between the structures leads to a very high fluctuating forces, structural vibrations, acoustic noise, or resonance, which in some cases can trigger failure. Recently circular pins in various arrays have been using as fins to enhance the cooling effect. While the enhancement is directly connected to nature of flow around the pins, no much is known of physics of flow around the pins. The knowledge of flow around two cylinders is insightful for understanding the flow around an array of cylinders/pins. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation into interactions between flowing fluid and a cylinder that is neighbored by another cylinder of the same diameter. Strouhal number (St), time-mean and fluctuating forces on and flow structures around the cylinder are investigated while the gap-spacing ratio T/D is varied from 0.1 to 5 and the attack angle a from 0 to 180 where T is the gap width between the cylinders, and D is the diameter of a cylinder. A flow visualisation test was conducted to observe flow structures around the cylinders. Based on forces, St, flow structures and fluid-cylinder interaction mechanisms, 19 distinct flow categories in the ranges of a and T/D are observed, including one quadristable flow, three tristable flows and four bistable flows. The quadristable, tristable and bistable flows ensue from instabilities of the gap flow, shear layers, vortices, separation bubbles and wakes, engendering a strong jump/drop in forces and St of the cylinders. Six different interaction mechanisms are observed, namely interaction between boundary layer and cylinder, shear layer/wake and cylinder, shear layer and shear layer, vortex and cylinder, vortex and shear layer, and vortex and vortex. While the interaction between vortex and cylinder results in a very high fluctuating drag, that between vortex and shear layer results in a high fluctuating lift. On the other hand, the interaction between shear layer/wake and cylinder suppresses mean and fluctuating forces as well as weakens flow unsteadiness for stationary cylinders but may cause violent galloping vibration when the cylinders are elastic. The interaction between boundary layer and cylinder also may generate galloping vibrations.mp201

Two interacting cylinders in cross flow

Cylindrical structures in a group are frequently seen on land and in the ocean. Mutual flow interaction between the structures makes the wake very excited or tranquil depending on the spacing between the structures. The excited wake-enhancing forces in some cases cause a catastrophic failure of the structures. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation of Strouhal number (St), time-mean, and fluctuating forces on, and flow structures around, two identical circular cylinders at stagger angle α = 0 ◦–180 ◦ and gap-spacing ratio T/D = 0.1–5, where T is the gap width between the cylinders, and D is the diameter of a cylinder. While forces were measured using a load cell, St was from spectral analysis of fluctuating pressures measured on the side surfaces of the cylinders. A flow visualization test was conducted to observe flow structures around the cylinders. Based on forces, St, and flow structures, 19 distinct flow categories in the ranges of α and T/D investigated are observed, including one quadristable flow, three kinds of tristable flows, and four kinds of bistable flows. The quadristable, tristable, and bistable flows ensue from instabilities of the gap flow, shear layers, vortices, separation bubbles, and wakes, engendering a strong jump or drop in forces and St of the cylinders. The two cylinders interact with each other in six different mechanisms, namely interaction between boundary layer and cylinder, shear layer or wake and cylinder, shear layer and shear layer, vortex and cylinder, vortex and shear layer, and vortex and vortex. While the interaction between vortex and cylinder results in a very high fluctuating drag, that between vortex and shear layer results in a high fluctuating lift. On the other hand, the interaction between shear layer or wake and cylinder weakens mean and fluctuating forces and flow unsteadiness. A mutual discussion of forces, St, and flow structures is presented in this paper.NRF grant no A0U368, UP RDP Grant No. AOT366, UP Research and Innovation Support grant no AOS971.http://pre.aps.orgai201

Morphological and Histological Observation of Embryogenic Calli Derived from Immature Embryo of BRRI Dhan28 (Oryza sativa L.) Variety

Somatic embryogenesis is the most common method for regeneration in rice. In vitrostudies of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety BRRI dhan28 was used for obtainingembryogenic calli from immature embryo culture on Murashige & Skoog mediumsupplemented with 2.5 mg/l dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/lnaphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) showed the highest percentage (91%) of callus induction. Inthis combination 80% embryogenic calli were formed uneven with a crisp texture, loosestructure and salient multicellular structures on the surface while non embryogenic calliwere compact with a smooth surface. Under microscopic observation, embryogenic cells weresmaller, globular and abundant in cytoplasm with one or two big nuclei. Non embryogeniccells were little cytoplasm and few large vacuoles with no or only a small nucleus and wideintercellular spaces. Non embryogenic cells had a very low cell division capability whileembryogenic cells had a high capability for cell division and continued to divide andproduced somatic pro-embryos with a well–defined protodermis which could developfurther through the typical globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledonary stages. Only 80% ofembryogenic cells were induced high differentiation rate and developed 65 globular, 52heart-shape, 43 torpedo and 37 cotyledonary embryos of embryogenic cells after 30 to 45 daysof induction

Bengali Fake Review Detection using Semi-supervised Generative Adversarial Networks

This paper investigates the potential of semi-supervised Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to fine-tune pretrained language models in order to classify Bengali fake reviews from real reviews with a few annotated data. With the rise of social media and e-commerce, the ability to detect fake or deceptive reviews is becoming increasingly important in order to protect consumers from being misled by false information. Any machine learning model will have trouble identifying a fake review, especially for a low resource language like Bengali. We have demonstrated that the proposed semi-supervised GAN-LM architecture (generative adversarial network on top of a pretrained language model) is a viable solution in classifying Bengali fake reviews as the experimental results suggest that even with only 1024 annotated samples, BanglaBERT with semi-supervised GAN (SSGAN) achieved an accuracy of 83.59% and a f1-score of 84.89% outperforming other pretrained language models - BanglaBERT generator, Bangla BERT Base and Bangla-Electra by almost 3%, 4% and 10% respectively in terms of accuracy. The experiments were conducted on a manually labeled food review dataset consisting of total 6014 real and fake reviews collected from various social media groups. Researchers that are experiencing difficulty recognizing not just fake reviews but other classification issues owing to a lack of labeled data may find a solution in our proposed methodology

Load-Adaptive Practical Multi-Channel Communications in Wireless Sensor Networks

In recent years, a significant number of sensor node prototypes have been designed that provide communications in multiple channels. This multi-channel feature can be effectively exploited to increase the overall capacity and performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we present a multi-channel communications system for WSNs that is referred to as load-adaptive practical multi-channel communications (LPMC). LPMC estimates the active load of a channel at the sink since it has a more comprehensive view of the network behavior, and dynamically adds or removes channels based on the estimated load. LPMC updates the routing path to balance the loads of the channels. The nodes in a path use the same channel; therefore, they do not need to switch channels to receive or forward packets. LPMC has been evaluated through extensive simulations, and the results demonstrate that it can effectively increase the delivery ratio, network throughput, and channel utilization, and that it can decrease the end-to-end delay and energy consumption

Combining Machine Learning Classifiers for Stock Trading with Effective Feature Extraction

The unpredictability and volatility of the stock market render it challenging to make a substantial profit using any generalized scheme. This paper intends to discuss our machine learning model, which can make a significant amount of profit in the US stock market by performing live trading in the Quantopian platform while using resources free of cost. Our top approach was to use ensemble learning with four classifiers: Gaussian Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression with L1 regularization and Stochastic Gradient Descent, to decide whether to go long or short on a particular stock. Our best model performed daily trade between July 2011 and January 2019, generating 54.35% profit. Finally, our work showcased that mixtures of weighted classifiers perform better than any individual predictor about making trading decisions in the stock market