2 research outputs found

    Profil ƩpidƩmiologique de la rougeole au Mali de 2009 Ơ 2018: Epidemiological profile of measles in Mali from 2009 to 2018

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    Introduction: La rougeole, maladie virale hautement contagieuse causeĢe par un Morbillivirus, reste un important probleĢ€eme de santeĢ publique dans de nombreux pays malgreĢ l'existence d'un vaccin efficace. La surveillance de la rougeole est l'un des aspects cleĢs de la lutte contre cette maladie. La preĢsente eĢtude avait pour objectif de deĢcrire la mortaliteĢ et la morbiditeĢ de la rougeole au Mali entre 2009 et 2018. MĆ©thodes: Il s'agissait d'eĢtude transversale descriptive. Les donneĢes de surveillance de la rougeole au Mali de 2009 aĢ€ 2018 ont eĢteĢ analyseĢes en personne, lieu et temps. RĆ©sultats: De 2009 aĢ€ 2018, le nombre de cas confirmeĢs de rougeole eĢtait de 6461 dont 29 deĢceĢ€s soit une leĢtaliteĢ de 0,45%. La confirmation des cas avait eĢteĢ faite par le laboratoire pour 2551 cas (39,48%), par lien eĢpideĢmiologique pour 3738 cas (57,85%) et cliniquement pour 172 cas (2,66%). Les enfants de moins de 5 ans repreĢsentaient 50,97% des cas et 75,86% des deĢceĢ€s. La majoriteĢ des cas (95,71 %) n'avaient jamais eĢteĢ vaccineĢs contre la rougeole. Les incidences les plus eĢleveĢes avaient eĢteĢ observeĢes en 2009 (22,65 pour 100 000 hbts) et 2010 (11,81 pour 100 000 hbts). Tombouctou, Gao et Mopti avaient enregistreĢs les plus grands nombres de cas en 2009 et Bamako, Koulikoro et Mopti en 2010. Conclusion: La majoriteĢ des cas et des deĢceĢ€s eĢtaient les enfants non vaccineĢs de moins de cinq ans. Un renforcement du programme eĢlargi de vaccination de routine, une riposte aux eĢpideĢemies et des strateĢegies de vaccination couvrant tout le pays sont neĢcessaires. Introduction: Measles, a highly contagious viral disease caused by a Morbillivirus, remains an important public health problem in many countries despite the availability of an effective vaccine. Measles surveillance is one of the key aspects of measles control. The objective of this study was to describe measles mortality and morbidity in Mali between 2009 and 2018. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Measles surveillance data in Mali from 2009 to 2018 were analysed by person, place and time. Results: From 2009 to 2018, the number of confirmed measles cases was 6461 including 29 deaths, i.e. a case-fatality rate of 0.45%. Cases were confirmed by the laboratory for 2551 cases (39.48%), by epidemiological link for 3738 cases (57.85%) and clinically for 172 cases (2.66%). Children under 5 years of age represented 50.97% of cases and 75.86% of deaths. The majority of cases (95.71%) had never been vaccinated against measles. The highest incidences were observed in 2009 (22.65 per 100,000 inhabitants) and 2010 (11.81 per 100,000 inhabitants). Timbuktu, Gao and Mopti had the highest number of cases in 2009 and Bamako, Koulikoro and Mopti in 2010. Conclusion: The majority of cases and deaths were among unvaccinated children under five years of age. Strengthening of the routine expanded programme of immunisation, response to epidemics and nationwide immunisation strategies are needed

    Use of a rapid digital microfluidics-powered immunoassay for assessing measles and rubella infection and immunity in outbreak settings in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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    The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has a high measles incidence despite elimination efforts and has yet to introduce rubella vaccine. We evaluated the performance of a prototype rapid digital microfluidics powered (DMF) enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) assessing measles and rubella infection, by testing for immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunity from natural infection or vaccine, by testing immunoglobulin G (IgG), in outbreak settings. Field evaluations were conducted during September 2017, in Kinshasa province, DRC. Blood specimens were collected during an outbreak investigation of suspected measles cases and tested for measles and rubella IgM and IgG using the DMF-ELISA in the field. Simultaneously, a household serosurvey for measles and rubella IgG was conducted in a recently confirmed measles outbreak area. DMF-ELISA results were compared with reference ELISA results tested at DRC's National Public Health Laboratory and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Of 157 suspected measles cases, rubella IgM was detected in 54% while measles IgM was detected in 13%. Measles IgG-positive cases were higher among vaccinated persons (87%) than unvaccinated persons (72%). In the recent measles outbreak area, measles IgG seroprevalence was 93% overall, while rubella seroprevalence was lower for children (77%) than women (98%). Compared with reference ELISA, DMF-ELISA sensitivity and specificity were 82% and 78% for measles IgG; 88% and 89% for measles IgM; 85% and 85% for rubella IgG; and 81% and 83% for rubella IgM, respectively. Rubella infection was detected in more than half of persons meeting the suspected measles case definition during a presumed measles outbreak, suggesting substantial unrecognized rubella incidence, and highlighting the need for rubella vaccine introduction into the national schedule. The performance of the DMF-ELISA suggested that this technology can be used to develop rapid diagnostic tests for measles and rubella
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