34 research outputs found
Phases of the annual component of incidence for districts located along two geographic axes.
<p>Phases are computed in the 0.8–1.2 year periodic band. (A) Map of the two geographic areas chosen: the national road in blue, and the Mekong River in orange. (B) Phase of districts along the Mekong River (orange in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>), presented from the most southerly to the most northerly from bottom to top. (C) Phase of districts along the national road (blue in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>), presented from West to East from bottom to top. The arrows indicate districts: 1, #306; 2, Phnom Penh; 3, #805 (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4B</a>); 4, #104 (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4C</a>).</p
Apparent dengue haemorrhagic fever weekly incidence rates in the 135 most populous districts of Cambodia.
<p>Weekly incidence rates (cases per 100,000 people per week) were computed in each of the 135 districts where population density is higher than 20 people per km<sup>2</sup> in Cambodia. Districts are ranked by increasing distance to Phnom Penh from bottom to top.</p
Scatterplot of mean annual temporal lags between epidemics against distances between districts.
<p>Temporal lags between epidemics and distances are computed relative to district #306. The lines show the linear regressions between the mean annual temporal lag of the annual epidemic in each district and the distance for 2002 (A), 2003 (B), 2004 (C), 2005 (D), 2006 (E) and 2007 (F). Colours represent the geographic localisation of each district, according to <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>. The number of districts included in the analysis changes every year, according to whether an epidemic occurred in the district (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). Error bars represent the 95% C.I. associated with the mean. Normality and homoscedasticity of residuals were confirmed using the Shapiro-Wilks and the Bartlett tests respectively (alpha level of 0.05).</p
Map of mean annual dengue fever incidence rates in districts of Cambodia.
<p>Mean annual incidence rates (in number of cases declared per 100,000 people per year) are calculated over 2002 to 2008, for districts with more than 20 people per km<sup>2</sup>. Cambodia is surrounded by the Indian Ocean (bottom left), Thailand (West), Lao (North) and Vietnam (East and South-East). Phnom Penh, the capital, is represented by a circle, Siem Reap by a triangle, Kampong Cham by a square and Battambang by a lozenge. Blue lines represent the Mekong River, going north to south, and the Tonle Sap River linking the Tonle Sap central Lake to the Mekong River. Green lines represent national roads. Grey districts have less than 20 people per km<sup>2</sup>.</p
Weekly raw incidence rates, filtered incidence and phase of four districts in Cambodia.
<p>The four districts are: district #306 (black), a rural district located around Kampong Cham; Phnom Penh (red); District #307 (green), a rural district located mid-way between #306 and Phnom Penh; District #104 (blue). (A) Weekly raw incidence rates (in number of cases declared per 100,000 people per week). (B) Annual component of incidence, obtained by filtering raw weekly incidence in the 0.8–1.2 year periodic band using wavelet analysis. (C) Phase of the annual component of incidence, computed in the 0.8–1.2 periodic band using wavelet analysis (see <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#s2" target="_blank">Methods</a>).</p
Results of the analysis of covariance and linear regressions (see methods).
1<p>Number of districts where an annual epidemic occurred according to the national threshold, along the Mekong River, the national road (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#pntd-0001957-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a>), or, for the covariance analysis, both.</p>2<p>P-value of the regression slope estimate.</p>3<p>Inverse of the estimate of the regression slope β1, in km per week (see <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001957#s2" target="_blank">methods</a>).</p
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Dengue-1 virus and vector competence of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from New Caledonia
Infection, dissemination, transmission rates and transmission efficiency at 7, 14 and 21Â days post-infection (dpi). (DOCX 13Â kb
Multivariable models for the 2008–09 and 2012–13 epidemics.
<p>Multivariable models for the 2008–09 and 2012–13 epidemics.</p
Model-based clustering of 270 <i>Ae</i>. <i>aegypti</i> individuals using STRUCTURE software.
<p>Each individual is represented by a single vertical line; sample sites are separated by a black line; the whole sample is divided into K colors representing the number of clusters assumed. The colors show the estimated individual proportions of cluster membership.</p
Correlation between the geographic and genetic distance matrices.
<p>The regression line corresponds to the standard major axis regression between pairwise genetic distances and logarithmic geographic distances with equation: Fst = - 0.1620 + 0.09113·log (geographic distance). The relationship was significant (Mantel test: Z = 16.3746; r = 0.6164; P < 0.001).</p