468 research outputs found
The One-loop Open Superstring Massless Five-point Amplitude with the Non-Minimal Pure Spinor Formalism
We compute the massless five-point amplitude of open superstrings using the
non-minimal pure spinor formalism and obtain a simple kinematic factor in pure
spinor superspace, which can be viewed as the natural extension of the
kinematic factor of the massless four-point amplitude. It encodes bosonic and
fermionic external states in supersymmetric form and reduces to existing
bosonic amplitudes when expanded in components, therefore proving their
equivalence. We also show how to compute the kinematic structures involving
fermionic states.Comment: 38 pages, harvmac TeX, v2: fix typo in (4.2) and add referenc
On pure spinor formalism for quantum superstring and spinor moving frame
The D=10 pure spinor constraint can be solved in terms of spinor moving frame
variables and 8-component complex null vector which can be related to the
kappa-symmetry ghost. Using this and similar solutions for the conjugate pure
spinor and other elements of the non-minimal pure spinor formalism we present a
(hopefully useful) reformulation of the measure of the pure spinor path
integral for superstring in terms of products of Cartan form corresponding to
the coset of 10D Lorentz group and to the coset of complex orthogonal group
SO(8,C). Our study suggests a possible complete reformulation of the pure
spinor superstring in terms of new irreducible set of variable.Comment: 23 pages, no figures. V2: references adde
Laboratory evaluation of the effects of Attract & Kill formulations on Anastrepha Fraterculus.
A new atract & kill (A&K) formulation was dcveloped by ISCA Tccnologias to control fruit flies, In laboratory tests, we compared the efficacy of this new formulation with three cornrnercial products used by fruit growers in southern Brazil. Mortality tests were performed with Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephntidae) and results showed that the effecuveness of Anarosa forrnulations was directly proportional to increasing dose of insecticide. Formulations containing organophosphates and cypennethrin produced similar mortality results. The Anarosa formulations, regardless of the insecticide dose, were more effective than GF 120 for A, fraterculus control.Resumo
The advantages of semiochemical-based attract and kill techniques in insect pest management.
Introduction: Semiochemicals (chemicals impacting insect behavior) have been employed in species-specific, ecologically friendly insect pest control strategies through a wide variety of mechanisms, many of which do not require the application of conventional insecticides. These include mating disruption?application of sex pheromones in such a way that male insects are unable to locate a female mate, reducing the size of the pest population in the treated area over time?mass trapping, and repellency. However, semiochemical attractants can also be used in combination with small amounts of chemical toxicants, a strategy called attract and kill (A&K)
Pure Spinor Superspace Identities for Massless Four-point Kinematic Factors
Using the pure spinor formalism we prove identities which relate the
tree-level, one-loop and two-loop kinematic factors for massless four-point
amplitudes. From these identities it follows that the complete supersymmetric
one- and two-loop amplitudes are immediately known once the tree-level
kinematic factor is evaluated. In particular, the two-loop equivalence with the
RNS formalism (up to an overall coefficient) is obtained as a corollary.Comment: 10 pages, harvmac TeX. v2: Updated affiliation and Report-no
Group theory analysis of electrons and phonons in N-layer graphene systems
In this work we study the symmetry properties of electrons and phonons in
graphene systems as function of the number of layers. We derive the selection
rules for the electron-radiation and for the electron-phonon interactions at
all points in the Brillouin zone. By considering these selection rules, we
address the double resonance Raman scattering process. The monolayer and
bilayer graphene in the presence of an applied electric field are also
discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
The advantages of semiochemical-based attract and kill techniques in insect pest management: agricultural case studies.
Introduction: While the advantages of semiochemical-based pest control technologies over traditional insecticides are well-documented (reduced hazards to non-targets and the environment, lower risk of resistance, etc.), many strategies employing these behavior-manipulating compounds to protect agricultural crops are relegated to small niche markets,due to their limited applicability. Since most semiochemicals are species-specific, they can usually target only one pest at a time. However, this is not always the case, as we will demonstrate through this discussion of four of ISCA Technologies? attract and kill (A&K) formulations
Feromônios sexuais no manejo de insetos-praga na fruticultura de clima temperado.
bitstream/item/95271/1/Feromonios-ULTIMA-VERSAO-08-07-2013.pdf; bitstream/item/95273/1/Capa-Feromonios.pd
Assessment of SPLAT formulations to control Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) in a Brazilian apple orchard.
Mating disruption is a technique that uses synthetic copies of sex pheromones to control insect pests. We aimed to control Oriental fruit moth (OFM) Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with formulations of SPLAT Grafo (SG) and SPLAT Grafo Attract and Kill (SGAK) in small (1 ha) apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. Our experiment was conducted in a commercial orchard with Gala trees (spacing 1.5 × 4.5 m) in Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We evaluated the effect of four treatments on G. molesta population densities: a) SG at 1 kg ha-1 (300 point sources of 3.3 g each), b) SGAK at 1 kg ha-1 (1000 point sources of 1 g each), c) insecticides as recommended by Integrated Apple Production (IAP), and d) untreated control (no treatment). Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT) treatments were applied on 1 August 2004 and reapplied after 120 d (1 December 2004). The treatment effect was evaluated by weekly counts of males captured in Delta traps baited with commercial synthetic sex pheromone lures (eight traps per treatment). We assessed fruit damage caused by G. molesta in eight replicates of 200 fruits each on 26 October, 30 November 2004, and 5 and 31 January 2005. Applying 1 kg ha-1 of SG and SGAK in August and December 2004 significantly reduced the number of male moths caught in Delta traps. Damage to fruits at harvest, however, did not differ significantly from the control. This indicates a decline in the efficacy of mating disruption when SG and SGAK are used to protect small areas (1 ha) under high Oriental fruit moth pressure
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