Serum levels of IL-10, IL-17F and IL-33 in patients with asthma: a case–control study

AbstractObjectives: The development of inflammation in asthma involves an intricate network of cytokines that recruit and activate numerous immune cells. This study was aimed to compare serum levels of IL-10, IL-17F, and IL-33 in asthmatic patients and non-asthmatic controls and correlate cytokine levels to asthma severity and various clinical, spirometric, and laboratory variables. Methods: Using ELISA, serum levels of IL-10, IL-17F, and IL-33 were evaluated in 44 asthmatics (14 mild persistent, 15 moderate persistent, and 15 severe persistent) and 44 controls. Results: This is one of the first reports showing a significant difference in serum levels of asthma-associated cytokines, anti-inflammatory IL-10, and pro-inflammatory IL-17F and IL-33, in the same subset of asthmatic patients. Our results showed diminished level of IL-10 and elevated levels of IL-17F and IL-33 in asthmatics than in controls (p < 0.001). Assessment of cytokine levels between subjects of different gender, age group, and BMI showed non-significant differences. Correlation analysis of cytokine levels to clinical variables showed that IL-17F is associated negatively to FVC % predicted (forced vital capacity) and FEV1% predicted (forced expiratory volume in one second) and positively to number of allergens sensitized and FEV1 reversibility. A strong negative correlation was found between IL-10 and IL-33 levels (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-33 levels may reflect a converse relationship between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in an individually balanced pattern. The association between IL-17F level and asthmatic phenotypes such as reduced FVC and FEV1, higher degree of sensitization, and post-bronchodilator reversibility needs further assessments

Serum levels of IL-10, IL-17F, and IL-33 in asthmatic patients of south India

Background: Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways in which the development of inflammation involves an intricate network of cytokines. Objectives: This study was aimed to compare serum levels of IL-10, IL-17F and IL-33 in asthmatic patients and non-asthmatic controls and correlate with asthma severity and various demographic, clinical, spirometric and laboratory variables. Methods: Asthmatics were diagnosed and classified as mild, moderate and severe persistent asthma according to GINA guidelines. Age and gender-matched healthy controls were selected from the general population. Using ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) method, serum levels of IL-10, IL-17F, and IL-33 were evaluated in 44 asthmatics and 44 non-asthmatic controls. Results: This is one of the first reports showing a significant difference in serum levels of three important cytokines associated with asthma, anti-inflammatory IL-10 and pro-inflammatory IL-17F and IL-33 in the same subset of asthmatic patients. Our results showed diminished level of IL-10 and elevated levels of IL-17F and IL-33 in asthmatics than in controls (p &#60; 0.001). No correlation was observed with most of the demographic, clinical and laboratory variables for the levels of all the three cytokines. IL-17F was associated negatively to FVC% predicted (Forced Vital Capacity) and positively to number of allergens sensitized and FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second) reversibility. Conclusion: The association between IL-17F and asthmatic phenotypes such as asthmatics with reduced FVC, higher degree of sensitization and post bronchodilator reversibility needs further evaluation

NANOTHERANOSTICS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: A NOVEL TOOL

The leading cause of mortality worldwide is Cardiovascular disease (CVD). Myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, ischemic injury, damaged arteries, thrombosis, and atherosclerosis are among the heart and blood vessel issues referred to as CVD. The most prevalent cause of CVD is atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease of the arterial blood wall. Because of the complexity of CVD, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy remain vital issues. The inadequacies of current treatment and diagnostic methods have given rise to theranostic nanomaterials. "Theranostic nanomaterials" describes a chemical with dual uses, including therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Theranostic nanoparticle imaging contrast can be advantageous for computed tomography (C.T.), positron emission tomography (P.E.T.), and magnetic resonance imaging (M.R.I.). Additionally, they can cure CVD by employing medication delivery by nanoparticles or photothermal ablation. This study reviews the prevalence of the most recent developments in theranostic nanomaterials for identifying and treating CVD following the order in which diseases advance. Theranostics techniques for CVD detection include M.R.I., CT, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and fluorescence. There have also been discussions of other theranostic nanoparticle-based CVD therapeutic methods