The influence of titania electrode modification with lanthanide ions containing thin layer on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The lanthanide and scandium groups ions (except Pm and Ac) have been used as dopants of TiO2 film in dye-sensitized solar cells. The X-ray diffraction spectra show that the modification has no influence on the structure of the electrode; however, the diffuse reflectance UV-Vis measurements exhibit significant changes in the electronic properties of modified electrodes. The appearance of energy barrier preventing photoexcited electron back-transfer was confirmed for Sc, Ce, Sm, Tb, Ho, Tm, and Lu modified cells. The best photoconversion performance of 8.88 and 8.80% was found for samples modified with Ce and Yb, respectively, and it was greater by 31.4 and 30.2% than that of a unmodified cell.</p

The Influence of Titania Electrode Modification with Lanthanide Ions Containing Thin Layer on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

The lanthanide and scandium groups ions (except Pm and Ac) have been used as dopants of TiO2 film in dye-sensitized solar cells. The X-ray diffraction spectra show that the modification has no influence on the structure of the electrode; however, the diffuse reflectance UV-Vis measurements exhibit significant changes in the electronic properties of modified electrodes. The appearance of energy barrier preventing photoexcited electron back-transfer was confirmed for Sc, Ce, Sm, Tb, Ho, Tm, and Lu modified cells. The best photoconversion performance of 8.88 and 8.80% was found for samples modified with Ce and Yb, respectively, and it was greater by 31.4 and 30.2% than that of a unmodified cell

New gel-like polymers as selective weak-base anion exchangers.

A group of new anion exchangers, based on polyamine podands and of excellent ion-binding capacity, were synthesized. The materials were obtained in reactions between various poly(ethyleneamines) with glycidyl derivatives of cyclotetrasiloxane. The final polymeric, strongly cross-linked materials form gel-like solids. Their structures and interactions with anions adsorbed were studied by spectroscopic methods (CP-MAS NMR, FR-IR, UV-Vis). The sorption isotherms and kinetic parameters were determined for 29 anions. Materials studied show high ion capacity and selectivity towards some important anions, e.g., selenate(VI) or perrhenate

Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry as a Potential Tool for Evaluation of Hydroxylation Degree of Various Types of Titanium Dioxide Materials

For many applications, TiO2 must have a unique surface structure responsible for its desirable physicochemical properties. Therefore the fast and easy methods of TiO2 surface characterization are of great interest. Heated TiO2 samples and dye-modified TiO2 samples were analyzed by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. In the negative ion mode, two types of ions were detected, namely (TiO2)n− and (TiO2)nOH−. It has been established that the samples can be differentiated based on the relative ion abundances, especially with respect to the free hydroxyl group population. It indicates that laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry has the potential for the investigation of the surface properties of various TiO2 materials

Synchronous Motor with Hybrid Permanent Magnets on the Rotor

Powder metallurgy allows designers of electric motors to implement new magnetic circuit structures. A relatively new concept is the use of a magnet system consisting of various types of magnets on one rotor, for example sintered and bonded magnets. This concept has been applied to the design and manufacture of the four-pole rotor of a synchronous motor with 400 W power and a rotational speed of 1500 rpm. In this motor, the stator of an asynchronous motor type Sh 71-4B is applied. The application of the new construction of the rotor resulted in an increase in motor efficiency and power factor compared to an asynchronous motor with the same volume

Anion retention (<i>R_n</i>) and release (<i>D_n</i>) dependence on the number of sorption-regeneration cycles (base/acid regeneration procedure).

<p>Anion retention (<i>R_n</i>) and release (<i>D_n</i>) dependence on the number of sorption-regeneration cycles (base/acid regeneration procedure).</p

UV-Vis reflectance spectra of N4HP resin after exchange with MnO₄^- (solid black line) and CrO₄^2- (solid blue line).

<p>UV-Vis reflectance spectra of N4HP resin after exchange with MnO₄^- (solid black line) and CrO₄^2- (solid blue line).</p

Elemental analysis data and yields of the resins studied and the parent polymers.

<p>^aHCl—perchlorate, HP—hexafluorophosphate(V)</p><p>Elemental analysis data and yields of the resins studied and the parent polymers.</p

Characteristic IR absorption bands of ions adsorbed on the resins studied.

<p>Characteristic IR absorption bands of ions adsorbed on the resins studied.</p