Characterization of porous acoustic materials applied to lightweight partition walls

The increased need to save material and energetic resources, allied with a growing concern on the environmental issues and incertitude on the evolution of the economy, has impelled minimalist-approaches to Architecture and Engineering, reducing to the minimum necessary expression the building elements. The development of new lightweight materials, most of them composites with fibrous reinforcement systems, has interest for building materials and textile industries. However, these materials still do not have a significant implementation in the building industry or, at least, this implementation is not being made exploring all their potentialities. Non load bearing interior partition walls are thin elements built to divide the indoor space into rooms or other compartments. Porous materials applied in interior partition walls have a significant importance in these building elements because sound insulation is an important requirement. Walls must provide an airborne sound barrier between rooms in a same dwelling and especially between different dwellings, this last issue as a compulsory requirement to fulfil in Portuguese regulations. In the present study it will be considered a lightweight interior partition wall composed by insulation material and layered within two membranes. The process of selecting materials for that interior partition wall is a challenging task. This paper intends to compare results of functional (acoustic and thermal) performance of materials such as expandable polystyrene (EPS), polyurethane foam (PU), Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), 3D warp knitted polyester fabrics (3DWK), Cork (CK), Expanded Cork (CKE), Rockwool (RW), coconut fibber (CCF), silicone (SI), waste fiber (WF), to discuss about their potentialities as insulation or membrane materials applied in interior dividing walls technologies. It also presents a morphological characterization of materials, through microscopic analysis, in order to define the relationship between the morphology and acoustic performance. The results of tests are compared with reference values of rock wool as insulation material - conventionally used in lightweight dividing walls made of plasterboard leaves and light gauge steel framing structure. One of the results of this paper is that a lightweight and thin interior partition wall filled with insulation material present acoustic advantages when compared with a heavyweight interior partition wall with more thickness. The concept of membrane goes back to the Latin word “membrana”, meaning parchment or skin. In previous studies it could be verified that low density makes membrane structures poor thermal and acoustic insulators. However, it is available in the market heavily coated or microperforated membranes that have dampening effect A low density generally also implies a high porosity or a high volume of voids, which leads to a decrease in the thermal conductivity. In previous studies from the same authors, it was concluded that the presence of air gap between insulation materials in a lightweight interior partition can increase the acoustic insulation between 2 to 5 dB, the inclusion of porous materials in the air gap can contribute between 1 to 4 dB in thicknesses till 10cm. The compromise between thermal and acoustic performance should also be attended. However thermal performance is only a requirement for interior partition walls between useful and non useful areas in housing buildings. In this study it will be presented results for different densities of insulation material. In the process of airborne sound transmission between two spaces, should be distinguished: a) direct transmission, that occurs directly through the separation element; or b) marginal transmission - that occurs through other building elements interlocked to the element of separation in study. The direct transmission can occur through joints, cracks or discontinuance of the construction element or through the construction element vibration. The heat transfer coefficient calculation tests were conducted according UNE EN 6946. The sound insulation estimation between locals was conducted according to EN 12354-1. Procedures for measuring the reverberation of a room, the absorption of the covering layers, as well as the sound absorption coefficients of a specimen of sound absorptive material were made according to ASTM C – 423

ALCOHOL- AND DRUG-RELATED CONTENTS IN THE NURSING PROGRAM AT ESPÍRITO SANTO FEDERAL UNIVERSITY: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

The study was based on the project sponsored by the Organization of American States which wasdeveloped by São Paulo Federal University College of Nursing aiming at analyzing the alcohol- and drug-relatedcourse contents taught in undergraduate nursing programs in Brazil. Its purpose was to evaluate teachingconditions concerning this theme in the undergraduate nursing program at Espírito Santo Federal Universitythrough a descriptive survey applied to 86 nursing students. To 95% of the students, the problem related to theconsumption of alcohol and drugs is a theme of great interest. The inclusion of these themes in nursing programsis a facilitating condition for the education of nurses in this area

Mimosoideae (Leguminosae) importantes para o manejo florestal no estado do Pará.

Leguminosae está representada por três subfamílias, 727 gêneros e 19.325 espécies, com distribuição cosmopolita. Mimosoideae possui cerca de 3.270 espécies circunscritas em quatro tribos, com 78 gêneros. Devido à ampla distribuição geográfica das Leguminosae na Amazônia e ao potencial econômico apresentado por diversas espécies, o estudo dessa família torna-se muito importante para a região. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo listar as espécies de Mimosoideae importantes para o manejo florestal no Pará e indicar suas respectivas áreas de ocorrência nesse Estado, visando contribuir para planos de manejo regionais. Inicialmente, preparou-se uma lista das Mimosoideae comercializadas no Pará, a qual foi baseada na lista oficial da SEMA (Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente - PA) inerente às espécies produtoras de madeireira, complementada pela lista do IBAMA e de algumas madeireiras do Estado e das amostras de madeira que chegam à Xiloteca da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Os herbários IAN, INPA, MG, RB e RON foram consultados a fim de obter informações sobre local de coleta das espécies da lista. Todas essas informações foram incorporadas em um banco de dados; também estão sendo incluídas as coordenadas geográficas dos respectivos locais de coleta. A lista de espécies de Mimosoideae importantes para o manejo florestal no Pará corresponde a 40 espécies circunscritas em 16 gêneros, as quais se encontram registrados em 2.228 exemplares nos herbários consultados

Conhecendo espécies de plantas da Amazônia: mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King- Meliaceae).

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And after the Sensory Processing Disorders? - What answers does the DSM-5 have

Introduction: From the question of whether the diagnosis of Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) should have classification matching in the DSM-5 or whether it constitutes a pre-morbid condition for other pathologies, a retrospective study was conducted in 2016 titled Regulatory Disturbances: The Return to the Past - Conditioners of Evolution. The study did not show a significant association between the abnormal results obtained in the SDQ scale by children with PRPS and therapeutic intervention, which allowed us to conclude that it is imperative to rethink the intervention of these cases. From these results and the lack of corresponding diagnosis in DSM-5, the present study intends to understand what possible diagnoses these children have in the latency / adolescence and adult age and what are the therapeutic interventions required. Objectives: Characterize the sample of children diagnosed with Sensory Processing Disorder who used the psychiatry consultation at the unity of infant mental health (UPI) between 2006-2013; characterize the results obtained at the follow-up; check current medical status, pharmacological therapy, other therapeutic interventions, and if they present another corresponding diagnosis in the DSM-5. Methods: Retrospective and follow-up study using the Clinical Processes of the first consultations performed between the years 2006 and 2013 at the UPI. Evaluation of the current state was made by telephone through a structured interview to the main caregivers and the application of the SDQ. The information will be submitted to statistical processing (in SPSS®), with descriptive analysis and correlation of variables. The sample is of Convenience. Results: 55 children with SPD (N=55), 47 of their caregivers answered a telephone interview (n=47). No statistically significant association was found between any SPD type and current diagnosis of ADHD nor parental perception of current state. Significant association between SPD diagnosis and abnormal results in subscales of hyperactivity (p = 0.027) and behavior problems (p = 0.017) of the SDQ. Discussion and Conclusion: The wide dispersion of diagnoses found may pose two hypotheses: SPD should be considered as an independent diagnostic category; symptomatology (alterations in the SP) can be common to different pathologies. It is important to carry out prospective studies in children diagnosed with SPD, in order to determine if it may be a future diagnostic category in the DSM.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Rheumatology practice amidst the COVID-19 pandemic : a pragmatic view

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has come with many challenges for healthcare providers and patients alike. In addition to the direct burden it has placed on societies and health systems, it had a significant impact in the care of patients with chronic diseases, as healthcare resources were deployed to fight the crisis, and major travel and social restrictions were adopted. In the field of rheumatology, this has required notable efforts from departments and clinicians to adapt to the novel status quo and assure the follow-up of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. In the present viewpoint, we provide a practical approach to tackle this reality. Key measures include setting up preventive team management strategies, optimising communication with patients and reorganising patient care in all its dimensions. We then anticipate the nuances of rheumatology practice as restrictive measures are progressively lifted, while an effective vaccine is still pending. This includes the need to reimpose the same strategy as further waves unfold. Finally, we look ahead and address the lessons we can incorporate into post-COVID-19 rheumatology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Caracterização morfo-anatômica de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King - Meliaceae) para fins de identificação botânica.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi aprimorar o processo de identificação do mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King), uma das espécies de grande valor madeireiro e ameaçada de extinção, que geralmente é confundida com outras espécies de Meliaceae, como andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) e cedro (Cedrela odorata L.). Após análise morfológica e anatômica, a diferenciação de Swietenia macrophylla das outras duas espécies baseou-se no comprimento dos pecíolos, peciólulos e das folhas, número e tamanho dos folíolos, além da forma dos frutos. A madeira é, aparentemente, idêntica à das outras espécies no que se refere às características organolépticas do cerne. Com relação à estrutura anatômica da madeira, Swietenia macrophylla possui estratificação dos raios regular a irregular, diferenciando-se da andiroba e do cedro que não apresentam raios estratificados. O mogno, também, não apresenta odor característico da madeira como o cedro, e não apresenta raios visíveis a olho nu como as outras duas espécie