Contribution of the LIM Domain and Nebulin-Repeats to the Interaction of Lasp-2 with Actin Filaments and Focal Adhesions

Lasp-2 binds to actin filaments and concentrates in the actin bundles of filopodia and lamellipodia in neural cells and focal adhesions in fibroblastic cells. Lasp-2 has three structural regions: a LIM domain, a nebulin-repeat region, and an SH3 domain; however, the region(s) responsible for its interactions with actin filaments and focal adhesions are still unclear. In this study, we revealed that the N-terminal fragment from the LIM domain to the first nebulin-repeat module (LIM-n1) retained actin-binding activity and showed a similar subcellular localization to full-length lasp-2 in neural cells. The LIM domain fragment did not interact with actin filaments or localize to actin filament bundles. In contrast, LIM-n1 showed a clear subcellular localization to filopodial actin bundles. Although truncation of the LIM domain caused the loss of F-actin binding activity and the accumulation of filopodial actin bundles, these truncated fragments localized to focal adhesions. These results suggest that lasp-2 interactions with actin filaments are mediated through the cooperation of the LIM domain and the first nebulin-repeat module in vitro and in vivo. Actin filament binding activity may be a major contributor to the subcellular localization of lasp-2 to filopodia but is not crucial for lasp-2 recruitment to focal adhesions

Recurrence of neovascular age-related macular degeneration after cessation of treat and extend regimen

The appropriate timing of treatment cessation after treat and extend (TAE) regimen for age-related macular degeneration has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of recurrence after cessation of the TAE regimen. We included patients who received and discontinued the TAE regimen, after extension of the treatment interval to ≥ 12 weeks. Forty-nine patients were included in the study. The estimated recurrence rates were 33% at 1 year and 48% at 2 years after treatment cessation, respectively. Good visual acuity at cessation and a large number of injections in the 6 months before cessation were significant risk factors. Higher chances of recurrence were associated with < 0.1 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at cessation (P < 0.002). Meanwhile, five patients with visual acuity ≥ 1.0 logMAR at cessation did not show recurrence. Among the 25 recurrences, two lines of vision loss were noted in only two cases after resumed treatment. This study confirmed the importance of the number of injections in reducing recurrence and the association between visual acuity and recurrence. Recurrence is generally well-controlled with resumed treatment

Tempo de resistência em esteira: atletismo

O acompanhamento de treinamento tem sido feito principalmente pela evolução do consumo máximo de oxigênio; contudo ele tem se mostrado insuficiente, pois depois de algum tempo ele se estabiliza mas o desempenho ainda melhora. Com finalidade de seguir esportistas de nível paulista e/ou brasileiro, por várias temporadas, experimentamos testes de tempo de resistência a diferentes velocidades, de acordo com os melhores tempos de competições de corridas em pista. Foram estudados 3 grupos de sexo masculino G l (n=3). arremessadores, examinados a velocidade de 15,6 km/h; G II (n~5) fundistas, examinados a velocidade de 18 km/h e G III (n—5) velocistas, velocidade de 21,6 km/h; o grupo G IV (n -8 ), velocidade 16,8 km/h. A evolução VOp máx. do primeiro grupo foi significativa, o que não não ocorreu nos demais; houve aumento do tempo de resistência em esteira entre a primeira e a terceira época de medida em todos os subgrupo

トップダウン法とボトムアップ法によるCO2フラックス推定値の比較 ～シベリア･ヤクーツクでのケーススタディ～

第6回極域科学シンポジウム分野横断セッション：[IA] 急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2015―11月19日（木）　国立極地研究所１階交流アトリウ

Eficacia de la cromoendoscopia de aumento para el diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones colorrectales†

10 páginasMagnifying chromoendoscopy is an exciting new tool and offers detailed analysis of the morphological architecture of mucosal crypt orifices. In this review, we principally show the efficacy of magnifying chromoendoscopy for the differential diagnosis of colorectal lesions such as prediction between non-neoplastic lesions and neoplastic ones, and distinction between endoscopically treatable early invasive cancers and untreatable cancers based on a review of the literature and our experience at two National Cancer Centers in Japan. Overall diagnostic accuracy by conventional view, chromoendoscopy and chromoendoscopy with magnification ranged from 68% to 83%, 82% to 92%, and 80% to 96%, respectively, and diagnostic accuracy of accessing the stage of early colorectal cancer using magnifying colonoscopy was over 85%. Although the reliability depends on the skill in magnifying observation, widespread applications of the magnification technique could influence the indications for biopsy sampling during colonoscopy and the indication for mucosectomy. Moreover, the new detailed images seen with magnifying chromoendoscopy are the beginning of a new period in which new optical developments, such as narrow band imaging system, endocytoscopy system, and laser-scanning confocal microscopy, will allow a unique look at glandular and cellular structures.La cromoendoscopia de aumento es una herramienta nueva y emocionante que ofrece un análisis detallado de la arquitectura morfológica de los orificios de las criptas mucosas. En esta revisión, mostramos principalmente la eficacia de la cromoendoscopia de aumento para el diagnóstico diferencial de las lesiones colorrectales, como la predicción entre lesiones no neoplásicas y neoplásicas, y la distinción entre cánceres invasivos tempranos tratables endoscópicamente y cánceres intratables en base a una revisión de la literatura y nuestra experiencia en dos Centros Nacionales del Cáncer en Japón. La precisión diagnóstica general mediante vista convencional, cromoendoscopia y cromoendoscopia con aumento varió del 68 % al 83 %, del 82 % al 92 % y del 80 % al 96 %, respectivamente, y la precisión diagnóstica de acceso a la etapa de cáncer colorrectal temprano mediante colonoscopia con aumento fue más del 85%. Aunque la fiabilidad depende de la habilidad para ampliar la observación, las aplicaciones generalizadas de la técnica de ampliación podrían influir en las indicaciones para la toma de muestras de biopsia durante la colonoscopia y la indicación de mucosectomía. Además, las nuevas imágenes detalladas vistas con cromoendoscopia de aumento son el comienzo de un nuevo período en el que los nuevos desarrollos ópticos, como el sistema de imagen de banda estrecha, el sistema de endocitoscopia y la microscopia confocal de barrido láser, permitirán una mirada única a las estructuras glandulares y celulares.