Sensibilidade a fungicidas de isolados de corynespora cassiicola provenientes do Estado de Goiás.

O fungo Corynespora cassiicola, agente causal da mancha-alvo em soja, pode, sob condições de alta temperatura e alta umidade, causar sérios danos à cultura. No Brasil, não se tem condições suficientes para um manejo adequado dessa doença, principalmente pela escassez de fungicidas foliares registrados e cultivares resistentes. Este trabalho foi realizado visando avaliar a sensibilidade in vitro de seis isolados de C. cassiicola oriundos do Estado de Goiás, aos fungicidas boscalida, carbendazim, ciproconazol, fluopyram, fluxapiroxade, protioconazol e tiofanato-metílico, utilizados nas concentrações de 0; 0,01; 0,1; 1; 10 e 100 ug mL-1 de ingrediente ativo (i.a.). Os fungicidas fluxapiroxade e fluopyram proporcionaram as maiores inibições de crescimento micelial (ICM) do patógeno in vitro, apresentando as menores doses efetivas capaz de inibir o crescimento micelial em 50% (DE50). O fungicida tiofanato-metílico foi incapaz de inibir o crescimento micelial do fungo nas concentrações avaliadas

Produção e qualidade da serrapilheira de três leguminosas arbóreas nativas do Nordeste do Brasil.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a produção e qualidade da serrapilheira de três leguminosas arbóreas nativas do Nordeste do Brasil, a faveira (Parkia platycephala Benth.), o pau-ferro (Caesalpinea ferrea Mart. ex Tul.) e o bordão-de-velho (Samanea saman (Jack.) Merr.) visando a inserção destas em sistemas silvipastoris..

Factors Associated with Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever:

Background. Reliable on-site polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF) is not always available. Therefore, clinicians triage patients on the basis of presenting symptoms and contact history. Using patient data collected in Uige, Angola, in 2005, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of these factors to evaluate the validity of World Health Organization (WHO)–recommended case definitions for MHF. Methods. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of PCR confirmation of MHF. A data-derived algorithm was developed to obtain new MHF case definitions with improved sensitivity and specificity. Results. A MHF case definition comprising (1) an epidemiological link or (2) the combination of myalgia or arthralgia and any hemorrhage could potentially serve as an alternative to current case definitions. Our dataderived case definitions maintained the sensitivity and improved the specificity of current WHO-recommended case definitions. Conclusions. Continued efforts to improve clinical documentation during filovirus outbreaks would aid in the refinement of case definitions and facilitate outbreak control

Cost-effectiveness analysis of a state funded programme for control of severe asthma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases and a major economical burden to families and health systems. Whereas efficacy of current therapeutical options has been clearly established, cost-effectiveness analysis of public health interventions for asthma control are scarce.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>81 patients with severe asthma (12–75 years) joining a programme in a reference clinic providing free asthma medication were asked retrospectively about costs and events in the previous 12 months. During 12 months after joining the programme, information on direct and indirect costs, asthma control by lung function, symptoms and quality of life were collected. The information obtained was used to estimate cost-effectiveness of the intervention as compared to usual public health asthma management. Sensitivity analysis was conducted.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>64 patients concluded the study. During the 12-months follow-up within the programme, patients had 5 fewer days of hospitalization and 68 fewer visits to emergency/non scheduled medical visits per year, on average. Asthma control scores improved by 50% and quality of life by 74%. The annual saving in public resources was US$387 per patient. Family annual income increased US$512, and family costs were reduced by US$733.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A programme for control of severe asthma in a developing country can reduce morbidity, improve quality of life and save resources from the health system and patients families.</p

Physical and morphological characterization of reactively magnetron sputtered TiN films

The present paper reports the influence of growth conditions on the properties of TiN thin films deposited by rf reactive magnetron sputtering in the low-pressure range. The effects of rf power at the Ti target and the negative bias voltage at the substrate in the morphology, structure, electrical resistivity and colour of the samples were studied in detail. X-Ray diffraction results showed that the delta-TiN phase (a(0) similar to 0.430 nm) is detected in all the samples. The sample prepared with grounded substrate revealed a lattice parameter close to the bulk value (0.424 nm), which is a consequence of a low stress state, due to the absence of ion bombardment. The sample deposited at 1000 W has a lattice parameter of 0.426 nm, close to that of the stress-free material (a(0) =0.424 nm), probably due to some stress relief. All films have a columnar-type structure, lying in the T and I zone of the Thornton Model. The resistivity of the TiN films is almost constant and close to 60 muOmega cm independently of the preparation conditions, except for the films deposited at 1000 W, p similar to 215 muOmega cm, and for the grounded sample, p similar to 153 muOmega cm. These values are probably due to cracks associated with stress relieves, in the first case, and the lack of ion bombardment that leads to films with lower density and higher number of defects in the second. No significant variations in colour were observed

Obtenção e difusão de cultivares de arroz irrigado para o estado de Goiás: relatório técnico 2002/2003 a 2004/2005.

Introdução; Objetivo; Equipe do projeto; Atividades de pesquisa; Ano agrícola 2002/03; Ano agrícola 2003/04; Ano agrícola 2004/05; Lançamento de cultivares; Atividades de difusão de tecnologia; Considerações gerais.bitstream/CNPAF/25047/1/doc_183.pd

The tree height estimated by non-power models on volumetric models provides reliable predictions of wood volume: The Amazon species height modelling issue.

Allometries that include height as independent variable usually provide greater accuracy on estimates of volume, biomass or individual carbon than other prediction strategies that rely only diameter at breast height as independent variable. However, when these models are applied in Amazon Forest Inventories, it is common to use estimated heights rather than measured heights to prepare volume, biomass or carbon estimates. This practice is common, but rarely discussed and the effect on predictions and precision is usually overlooked. The aim of this study was to examine hypsometric models and evaluate the effect of estimated height on merchantable volume prediction in Eastern Amazonian forests. The study area was a 3,786 ha Forest Management Unit owned by Jari Florestal S.A., in the Jari Valley Region of the State of Pará, Brazil. The data includes 16,099 trees of 25 species, measured and harvested in 2006. Ten percent of the data were reserved for validation of the hypsometric and volumetric estimates. Five hypsometric models and two modelling techniques (linear regression and mixed-effects model) were examined. The choice of best model was based on graphical analyses of residuals, distribution of residuals, heteroscedasticity of error and presence of outliers as assessed by h-values, DFFITS and Cook's distance. The hypsometric relationship and volumetric estimates using DBH and DBH with estimated height were validated with Graybill's test, Theil's error decomposition, Efficiency, Equivalence test and Tukey's test for species estimates level. Heights estimated using a semi-logarithmic mixed-effects model can improve predictions from volume equations. The results show that exploratory data analysis and validation process helped to provide estimates with greater efficiency and should be adopted in related studies. The prediction of height associated with volumetric models for six different species provided volumetric estimates with an error below 5% for the global average volume. The estimated height by the mixed-effect non-power law model should be included in double input models previously developed for volume prediction