Electrochemical method for isolation of chitinous 3D scaffolds from cultivated Aplysina aerophoba marine demosponge and its biomimetic application

Three-dimensional (3D) biopolymer-based scaffolds including chitinous matrices have been widely used for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and other modern interdisciplinary fields including extreme biomimetics. In this study, we introduce a novel, electrochemically assisted method for 3D chitin scaffolds isolation from the cultivated marine demosponge Aplysina aerophoba which consists of three main steps: (1) decellularization, (2) decalcification and (3) main deproteinization along with desilicification and depigmentation. For the first time, the obtained electrochemically isolated 3D chitinous scaffolds have been further biomineralized ex vivo using hemolymph of Cornu aspersum edible snail aimed to generate calcium carbonates-based layered biomimetic scaffolds. The analysis of prior to, during and post-electrochemical isolation samples as well as samples treated with molluscan hemolymph was conducted employing analytical techniques such as SEM, XRD, ATR–FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the use of described method for chitin isolation combined with biomineralization ex vivo resulted in the formation of crystalline (calcite) calcium carbonate-based deposits on the surface of chitinous scaffolds, which could serve as promising biomaterials for the wide range of biomedical, environmental and biomimetic applications. © 2020, The Author(s).Politechnika PoznaÅ ska, PUT: 0911/SBAD/0380/2019Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: HE 394/3Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, DAADRussian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-13-00220PPN/BEK/2018/1/0007103/32/SBAD/0906Sächsisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst, SMWK: 02010311This work was performed with the financial support of Poznan University of Technology, Poland (Grant No. 0911/SBAD/0380/2019), as well as by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland) as financial subsidy to PUT No. 03/32/SBAD/0906. Krzysztof Nowacki was supported by the Erasmus Plus program (2019). Also, this study was partially supported by the DFG Project HE 394/3 and SMWK Project No. 02010311 (Germany). Marcin Wysokowski is financially supported by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (PPN/BEK/2018/1/00071). Tomasz Machałowski is supported by DAAD (Personal Ref. No. 91734605). Yuliya Khrunyk is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 18-13-00220)

Zaburzenia anatomiczne układu moczowo-płciowego u dzieci z syrenomelią w diagnostyce obrazowej

Introduction and aim: Sirenomelia sequence is a rare congenital malformation characterized with a single midline lower limb. Material and methods: Information comes from available literature sources that were reviewed. The method of diagnostic imaging and theoretical analysis has been used. Results: The group of the most common urogenital disorders occurring with sirenomelia includes renal dysplasia or agenesis and rudimentary genitalia. Sirenomelia is accompanied by a distinctive vascular anomalies, especially a single large umbilical artery, which arises above the aortic bifurcation and absence of inferior mesenteric artery which causes that the colon usually ends blindly, and moreover cardiac defects. Conclusion: Internal organs with disorders occurring with sirenomelia should be examined in physical examination and using imaging methods, including ultrasounography and magnetic resonance of the fetus and the neonate.Wstęp i cele: Sirenomelia to rzadka sekwencja wad wrodzonych charakteryzująca się pojedynczą kończyną dolną zlokalizowaną w linii pośrodkowej ciała. Materiał i metody: Informacje uzyskano w wyniku przeglądu dostępnych źródeł literaturowych. Zastosowano metodę diagnostyki obrazowej i analizy teoretycznej. Wyniki: Do grupy najczęstszych zaburzeń układu moczowo-płciowego występujących z sirenomelią należą dysplazja lub agenezja nerek i szczątkowe genitalia. Sirenomeli towarzyszą anomalie naczyniowe, zwłaszcza pojedyncza duża tętnica pępowinowa, która bierze początek powyżej rozwidlenia aorty i brak tętnicy krezkowej dolnej, co powoduje, że jelito grube zazwyczaj kończy się ślepo, a ponadto wady serca. Wnioski: Narządy wewnętrzne dotykane zaburzeniami występującymi z sirenomelią powinny zostać zbadane w badaniu fizykalnym i przy użyciu metod obrazowania, w tym ultrasonografii i rezonansu magnetycznego płodu i noworodka