Peptidome profiling for the immunological stratification in sepsis: a proof of concept study

Sepsis has been called the graveyard of pharmaceutical companies due to the numerous failed clinical trials. The lack of tools to monitor the immunological status in sepsis constrains the development of therapies. Here, we evaluated a test based on whole plasma peptidome acquired by MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometer and machine-learning algorithms to discriminate two lipopolysaccharide-(LPS) induced murine models emulating the pro- and anti-inflammatory/immunosuppression environments that can be found during sepsis. The LPS group was inoculated with a single high dose of LPS and the IS group was subjected to increasing doses of LPS, to induce proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory/immunosuppression profiles respectively. The LPS group showed leukopenia and higher levels of cytokines and tissue damage markers, and the IS group showed neutrophilia, lymphopenia and decreased humoral response. Principal component analysis of the plasma peptidomes formed discrete clusters that mostly coincided with the experimental groups. In addition, machine-learning algorithms discriminated the different experimental groups with a sensitivity of 95.7% and specificity of 90.9%. Data reveal the potential of plasma fingerprints analysis by MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometry as a simple, speedy and readily transferrable method for sepsis patient stratification that would contribute to therapeutic decision-making based on their immunological status.Fil: Ledesma, Martin Manuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Todero, Maria Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Maceira, Lautaro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Prieto, Monica. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia. Departamento de Investigación; ArgentinaFil: Vay, Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Galas, Marcelo Fabián. Organización Panamericana de la Salud; Estados UnidosFil: López, Beatriz. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia. Departamento de Investigación; ArgentinaFil: Yokobori, Noemí. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán". Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia. Departamento de Investigación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rearte, María Bárbara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentin