The application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for characterizing the degradation of Ni(OH)2/NiOOH electrodes

The use of wide-band electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is described for characterizing the degradation of porous Ni(OH)2/NiOOH electrodes in concentrated KOH electrolyte solutions. The impedance spectra are interpreted in terms of a finite electrical transmission line and the changes in the components of the electrical analog are followed as a function of cycle number. The degradation of the capacity of rolled and bonded Ni(OH)2/NiOOH electrodes is caused by rupture of ohmic contacts within the active mass and by restructuring which results in a decrease in the number of active pores

Inference in complex biological systems with Gaussian processes and parallel tempering

Parameter inference in mathematical models of complex biological systems, expressed as coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs), is a challenging problem. These depend on kinetic parameters, which cannot all be measured and have to be ascertained a different way. However, the computational costs associated with repeatedly solving the ODEs are often staggering, making many techniques impractical. Therefore, aimed at reducing this cost, new concepts using gradient matching have been proposed. This paper combines current adaptive gradient matching approaches, using Gaussian processes, with a parallel tempering scheme, in order to compare 2 different paradigms using the same nonlinear regression method. We use 2 ODE systems to assess our technique, showing an improvement over the recent method in Calderhead et al. (2008)

Impact of peer review audit on occupational health report quality

Background: In a previous report, we described the implementation of a formal process for peer review of occupational health (OH) reports and a method of assessment of the outcomes of this process. The initial audit identified that 27% of OH reports required modifications. Aims: To assess formally, following implementation of this process, if changes in practice had occurred, i.e. whether fewer deficiencies were being identified in reports. Methods: We repeated a prospective internal audit of all peer reviewed OH reports between September and November 2011. We used an abbreviated assessment form, based on questions 4–8 and 10–12 of the modified SAIL (Sheffield Assessment Instrument for Letters), with four possible outcomes: no action, no changes made to report following discussion with author, changes made without discussion with author and changes made following discussion with author. Results: One hundred seventy-three reports by 10 clinicians were audited. The audit identified a 13% reduction in OH reports requiring modifications (from 27 to 14%) compared with the previous cycle. Where modifications were required, 8% of these were related to minor typographical, spelling and grammar errors and 6% were for more complex reasons. Implementation of this process also produced a reduction in clinical complaints about OH reports from customers, from three in the preceding year to none 2 years later. Conclusions: Peer review improved the standard of OH reports and was associated with a reduction in customer complaints about reports

Excitation of g modes in Wolf-Rayet stars by a deep opacity bump

We examine the stability of l=1 and l=2 g modes in a pair of nitrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet stellar models characterized by differing hydrogen abundances. We find that modes with intermediate radial orders are destabilized by a kappa mechanism operating on an opacity bump at an envelope temperature log T ~ 6.25. This `deep opacity bump' is due primarily to L-shell bound-free transitions of iron. Periods of the unstable modes span ~ 11-21 hr in the model containing some hydrogen, and ~ 3-12 hr in the hydrogen-depleted model. Based on the latter finding, we suggest that self-excited g modes may be the source of the 9.8 hr-periodic variation of WR 123 recently reported by Lefevre et al. (2005).Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by MNRAS letter

Magnetic Oscillations of a Fractional Hall Dot

We show that a quantum dot in the fractional Hall regime exhibits mesoscopic magnetic oscillations with a period which is a multiple of the period for free electrons. Our calculations are performed for parabolic quantum dots with hard-core electron-electron interactions and are exact in the strong field limit for $k_B T$ smaller than the fractional Hall gap. Explicit expressions are given for the temperature dependence of the amplitude of the oscillations.Comment: 11 pages, IUCM-004, plain te

Imaging interstitial iron concentrations in boron-doped crystalline silicon using photoluminescence

Imaging the band-to-band photoluminescence of silicon wafers is known to provide rapid and high-resolution images of the carrier lifetime. Here, we show that such photoluminescence images, taken before and after dissociation of iron-boron pairs, allow an accurate image of the interstitial iron concentration across a boron-doped p-type silicon wafer to be generated. Such iron images can be obtained more rapidly than with existing point-by-point iron mapping techniques. However, because the technique is best used at moderate illumination intensities, it is important to adopt a generalized analysis that takes account of different injection levels across a wafer. The technique has been verified via measurement of a deliberately contaminated single-crystal silicon wafer with a range of known iron concentrations. It has also been applied to directionally solidified ingot-grown multicrystalline silicon wafers made for solar cell production, which contain a detectible amount of unwanted iron. The iron images on these wafers reveal internal gettering of iron to grain boundaries and dislocated regions during ingot growth.D.M. is supported by an Australian Research Council QEII Fellowship. The Centre of Excellence for Advanced Silicon Photovoltaics and Photonics at UNSW is funded by the Australian Research Council

Review of the environmental and organisational implications of cloud computing: final report.

Cloud computing – where elastic computing resources are delivered over the Internet by external service providers – is generating significant interest within HE and FE. In the cloud computing business model, organisations or individuals contract with a cloud computing service provider on a pay-per-use basis to access data centres, application software or web services from any location. This provides an elasticity of provision which the customer can scale up or down to meet demand. This form of utility computing potentially opens up a new paradigm in the provision of IT to support administrative and educational functions within HE and FE. Further, the economies of scale and increasingly energy efficient data centre technologies which underpin cloud services means that cloud solutions may also have a positive impact on carbon footprints. In response to the growing interest in cloud computing within UK HE and FE, JISC commissioned the University of Strathclyde to undertake a Review of the Environmental and Organisational Implications of Cloud Computing in Higher and Further Education [19]