Developing Country Agriculture in the Uruguay Round: What the North Might Miss

The Uruguay Round of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) may draw agriculture into an unprecedented global liberalization process. If developed nations write the agenda for these negotiations and direct the research on economic effects of liberalization, they are likely to underplay several impacts which fall primarily on LDC's. This paper identifies several ways in which the history, structure, or economic power of LDC's precipitate different consequences from liberalization than would arise in developed nations. These points ought to be recognized at the GATT both because the negotiations will affect their resolution and because they will affect the coalitions and compromises LDC's bring to the GATT.International Relations/Trade,

ESTIMATES OF GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION LEVELS IN U.S. PEANUT MARKETS

Unilateral liberalization of U.S. peanut policy was evaluated using a model of U.S. and world peanut supply and demand. Under the proposed policy, world peanut price would rise slightly to $.20 per pound at the U.S. farm level. U.S. production would decline by 578 million pounds per year and would be offset by imports of 582 million pounds. U.S. net farm income would fall by$405 million per year. Lost income per farm would be $21,000 per year while the average outlay of consumers would decrease by$.84 per person at farm level price. Government expenditures would be virtually unchanged because of the market orientation of current policy.Agricultural and Food Policy,

Bringing Agriculture into the GATT: Negotiating a Framework for Action

International Relations/Trade,

PRIVATE FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN NIGERIAN AGRICULTURE

Nigerian policies have tended to support foreign investment since national independence, but agriculture has attracted little foreign capital. The Government favors private ownership, but it accepted a large role in agriculture. The response to a declining agricultural sector and a recent decline in export earnings from petroleum has been an array of programs directed toward enhancing foreign and private agricultural investment opportunities. Most of these programs have limited potential to improve agricultural productivity at the national level, although effects of import bans and currency devaluation will be extensive

LONG-TERM IMPACTS OF FAMINE: ENDURING DISASTERS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROGRESS

Famines have numerous stages, each of which is characterized by a time of occurrence, and have various levels of durability, controllability, and reversibility. This report focuses on the relatively durable elements of famine, such as changed population structure, to identify policies which, if implemented before, during, and after the central famine episode, could mitigate long-term problems and take advantage of possible benefits