6G Network AI Architecture for Everyone-Centric Customized Services

Mobile communication standards were developed for enhancing transmission and network performance by using more radio resources and improving spectrum and energy efficiency. How to effectively address diverse user requirements and guarantee everyone's Quality of Experience (QoE) remains an open problem. The Sixth Generation (6G) mobile systems will solve this problem by utilizing heterogenous network resources and pervasive intelligence to support everyone-centric customized services anywhere and anytime. In this article, we first coin the concept of Service Requirement Zone (SRZ) on the user side to characterize and visualize the integrated service requirements and preferences of specific tasks of individual users. On the system side, we further introduce the concept of User Satisfaction Ratio (USR) to evaluate the system's overall service ability of satisfying a variety of tasks with different SRZs. Then, we propose a network Artificial Intelligence (AI) architecture with integrated network resources and pervasive AI capabilities for supporting customized services with guaranteed QoEs. Finally, extensive simulations show that the proposed network AI architecture can consistently offer a higher USR performance than the cloud AI and edge AI architectures with respect to different task scheduling algorithms, random service requirements, and dynamic network conditions

Experimental Study on Rock Mechanics Parameters-A Case of the Sand Conglomerate Reservoir in M2 Well Area

This paper presents the acoustic characteristics tested on 20 groups of cores (20 vertical samples and 60 horizontal samples) from the sand conglomerate reservoir in Baikouquan and lower Wuerhe Formation (two wells in the M2 well area). The average values of dynamic modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of rocks from Baikouquan Formation are 32.1 GPa and 0.2055 respectively, and those of lower Wuerhe Formation are 28.4 GPa and 0.2425 respectively. The three axis rock mechanics test device is used to test the stress-strain curves of the corresponding rock samples. The sand-conglomerate samples in this area generally have good brittleness characteristics; the static modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of the corresponding rock samples are 13.7GPa and 0.2858 respectively, and those of rocks from lower Wuerhe Formation are 14.9GPa and 0.2565, respectively. In general, there is a good correlation between P&S wave velocity, and poor correlation in the dynamic and static mechanical parameters

Experimental Study on Rock Mechanics Parameters-A Case of the Sand Conglomerate Reservoir in M2 Well Area

This paper presents the acoustic characteristics tested on 20 groups of cores (20 vertical samples and 60 horizontal samples) from the sand conglomerate reservoir in Baikouquan and lower Wuerhe Formation (two wells in the M2 well area). The average values of dynamic modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of rocks from Baikouquan Formation are 32.1 GPa and 0.2055 respectively, and those of lower Wuerhe Formation are 28.4 GPa and 0.2425 respectively. The three axis rock mechanics test device is used to test the stress-strain curves of the corresponding rock samples. The sand-conglomerate samples in this area generally have good brittleness characteristics; the static modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of the corresponding rock samples are 13.7GPa and 0.2858 respectively, and those of rocks from lower Wuerhe Formation are 14.9GPa and 0.2565, respectively. In general, there is a good correlation between P&S wave velocity, and poor correlation in the dynamic and static mechanical parameters

Natural and Synthetic Hydrophilic Polymers Enhance Salt and Drought Tolerance of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu and W.C.Cheng Seedlings

We compared the effects of hydrophilic polymer amendments on drought and salt tolerance of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu and W.C.Cheng seedlings using commercially available Stockosorb and Luquasorb synthetic hydrogels and a biopolymer, Konjac glucomannan (KGM). Drought, salinity, or the combined stress of both drought and salinity caused growth retardation and leaf injury in M. glyptostroboides. Under a range of simulated stress conditions, biopolymers and synthetic hydrogels alleviated growth inhibition and leaf injury, improved photosynthesis, and enhanced whole-plant and unit transpiration. For plants subjected to drought conditions, Stockosorb hydrogel amendment specifically caused a remarkable increase in water supply to roots due to the water retention capacity of the granular polymer. Under saline stress, hydrophilic polymers restricted Na+ and Cl− concentrations in roots and leaves. Moreover, root K+ uptake resulted from K+ enrichment in Stockosorb and Luquasorb granules. Synthetic polymers and biopolymers increased the ability of M. glyptostroboides to tolerate combined impacts of drought and salt stress due to their water- and salt-bearing capacities. Similar to the synthetic polymers, the biopolymer also enhanced M. glyptostroboides drought and salt stress tolerance

Image-guided dendritic cell-based vaccine immunotherapy in murine carcinoma models.

In recent decades, immunotherapy has undergone extensive developments for oncologic therapy applications. Dendritic cells (DCs) plays a fundamental role in cell-based vaccination immunotherapy against various types of cancer. It involves stimulating innate and adaptive immunity, in particular cytotoxic T-cell mediated antitumor effects, against targeted tumors and has been studied in both preclinical and clinical settings. Nevertheless, clinical outcomes have been unsatisfying. The antitumor response requires sufficient migration of viable DCs from primary administration site to targeted tumors through related lymphatics. The dynamics and mechanisms of the DCs migration still need further investigation. Here, we briefly introduce the current clinically applicable methods for manufacturing DC-based cancer vaccines and their most commonly used non-invasive, real-time tracking approaches. Furthermore, we propose a hypothesis that intraperitoneal injection may improve the efficiency of DC-based cancer vaccine