A Bi-Hamiltonian Formulation for Triangular Systems by Perturbations

A bi-Hamiltonian formulation is proposed for triangular systems resulted by perturbations around solutions, from which infinitely many symmetries and conserved functionals of triangular systems can be explicitly constructed, provided that one operator of the Hamiltonian pair is invertible. Through our formulation, four examples of triangular systems are exhibited, which also show that bi-Hamiltonian systems in both lower dimensions and higher dimensions are many and varied. Two of four examples give local 2+1 dimensional bi-Hamiltonian systems and illustrate that multi-scale perturbations can lead to higher-dimensional bi-Hamiltonian systems.Comment: 16 pages, to appear in J. Math. Phy

Dark Left-Right Model: CDMS, LHC, etc

The Standard Model of particle interactions is extended to include fermion doublets (n,e)_R transforming under the gauge group SU(2)_R such that n is a Dirac scotino (dark-matter fermion), with odd R parity. Based on recent CDMS data, it is shown how this new dark left-right model (DLRM2) favors a Z' gauge boson at around 1 or 2 TeV and be observable at the LHC. The new W_R gauge bosons may also contribute significantly to lepton-flavor-changing processes such as mu to e gamma and mu-e conversion in a nucleus or muonic atom.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, typo corrected, talk at Dark Side of Universe 2010, Leon, Mexic

Nearly Mass-Degenerate Majorana Neutrinos: Double Beta Decay and Neutrino Oscillations

Assuming equal tree-level Majorana masses for the standard-model neutrinos, either from the canonical seesaw mechanism or from a heavy scalar triplet, I discuss how their radiative splitting may be relevant to neutrinoless double beta decay and neutrino oscillations.Comment: 12 pages, including 4 figures, talk at NANP9

Triplicity of Quarks and Leptons

Quarks come in three colors and have electric charges in multiples of one-third. There are also three families of quarks and leptons. Whereas the first two properties can be understood in terms of unification symmetries such as SU(5), SO(10), or E_6, why there should only be three families remains a mystery. I propose how all three properties involving the number three are connected in a fivefold application of the gauge symmetry SU(3).Comment: 10 pages, including 2 figure

Kinetics and moving species during Co2Si formation by rapid thermal annealing

We have investigated the growth kinetics and identified the moving species during Co2Si formation by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). For the kinetics study, samples which consisted of a thin Co film on an evaporated Si substrate were used. To study which species moves, samples imbedded with two very thin Ta markers were employed. Upon RTA, only one silicide phase, Co2Si, was observed to grow before all Co was consumed. The square root of time dependence and the activation energy of about 2.1±0.2 eV were observed during the Co2Si formation up to 680 °C. The marker study indicated that Co is the dominant mobile species during Co2Si formation by RTA. We conclude that Co2Si grows by the same mechanisms during RTA and conventional thermal annealing

High--Resolution 3D Simulations of Relativistic Jets

We have performed high-resolution 3D simulations of relativistic jets with beam flow Lorentz factors up to 7, a spatial resolution of 8 cells per beam radius, and for up to 75 normalized time units to study the morphology and dynamics of 3D relativistic jets. Our simulations show that the coherent fast backflows found in axisymmetric models are not present in 3D models. We further find that when the jet is exposed to non-axisymmetric perturbations, (i) it does not display the strong perturbations found for 3D classical hydrodynamic and MHD jets (at least during the period of time covered by our simulations), and (ii) it does propagate according to the 1D estimate. Small 3D effects in the relativistic beam give rise to a lumpy distribution of apparent speeds like that observed in M87. The beam is surrounded by a boundary layer of high specific internal energy. The properties of this layer are briefly discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to be publish in the ApJ Letters. Tar+gzip documen