Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in mediastinal fibromatosis. Case report

Włókniakowatość (fibromatosis) śródpiersia to bardzo rzadki mezenchymalny guz wywodzący się z tkanki włóknistej. W pracy przedstawiono przypadek 26-letniego mężczyzny z guzem śródpiersia wywołującym niewydolność oddechową oraz dysfagię. Objawy te spowodowane były uciskiem przełyku oraz naciekaniem i zamknięciem oskrzela głównego lewego przez masę guzowatą śródpiersia. Etiologia guza została ostatecznie ustalona na podstawie badania histopatologicznego wycinków pobranych podczas torakotomii próbnej dopiero po 3 latach i przeprowadzeniu wielu badań diagnostycznych. Autorzy opisują trudności w diagnostyce guzów śródpiersia, szczególnie tych rzadko występujących.Mediastinal fibromatosis is a very rare mesenchymal tumor originated from fibrous tissue. A case of 26-year old men with mediastinal tumor causes respiratory insufficiency and dysphagia is described. This sympthoms occured due to esophageal impression and infiltration with occlusion of main left bronchus by mediastinal tumor. Ethiology of the tumor was established based on histopathology assesment of the tissue samples taken during explorative thoracotomy after 3 years and many other diagnostic procedures undertaken. The authors describe difficulties in diagnosis of mediastinal tumors, especially those rare observed

Non-small cell lung cancer in patient with visceral total inversion

W artykule przedstawiono opis przypadku współwystępowania wrodzonego stanu anatomicznego pod postacią zespołu całkowitego odwrócenia trzewi oraz niedrobnokomórkowego raka płuca lewego u 74-letniego chorego. Omówiono epidemiologię i główne odrębności anatomiczne występujące w tym rzadkim zespole. Przedstawiono proces diagnostyczny, wyniki poszczególnych badań mających kluczowe znaczenie dla procesu leczniczego oraz zastosowaną technikę leczenia operacyjnego. Przeanalizowano wyniki histopatologiczne oraz przebieg okołooperacyjny. Odniesiono się do opisów podobnych przypadków dostępnych w literaturze światowej.This article reports a case of non-small cell lung cancer in a 74-year-old man with visceral total inversion. The epidemiology and main anatomical differences present in this rare syndrome, as well as basic information on lung cancer, are explored. We present diagnostic procedures and their results and describe the surgical technique of lung cancer treatment performed in this rare case. The perioperative period and the histopathological findings are analysed. Finally, references to similar cases found in worldwide literature are discussed

Surgical treatment of malignant lung tumors in solid organ recipients

Powikłania płucne u biorców narządów cechują się trudnościami diagnostycznymi, poważnym rokowaniem i często słabą odpowiedzią na leczenie. Niektóre z nich wymagają diagnostyki inwazyjnej i leczenia operacyjnego, a inne długotrwałego leczenia farmakologicznego. Gruźlica, zakażenia Pneumocystis sp. i zakażenia grzybicze należą do grupy powikłań infekcyjnych. Pierwotne i wtórne nowotwory płuc powstające w niedalekim odstępie czasowym od transplantacji narządu litego noszą miano powikłań onkologicznych, a oba typy powikłań mają swoje podłoże w immunosupresji. Wymóg kontynuacji immunosupresji dotyczy także okresu leczenia wyżej wymienionych powikłań, stawiając podwyższone wymagania dla zespołów terapeutycznych. Przedstawiono grupę 5 chorych (2 kobiety i 3 mężczyzn) po przeszczepieniach narządów leczonych w ośrodku autorów z powodu nowotworów płuc. Czterech chorych przebyło transplantację wątroby, a jeden serca. Trzech chorych leczono z powodu pierwotnego raka płuca, z czego u 1 dodatkowo wystąpił przerzut raka płuca, u 2 chorych rozwinęły się zmiany przerzutowe raka wątrobowokomórkowego (HCC) z wszczepionej z tego powodu wątroby. Czterech chorych operowano. Wykonano 2 lobektomie i 1 segmentektomię, uzupełnione o limfadenektomię w grupie zmian pierwotnych, jedną obustronną resekcję przerzutów (HCC) i jedną resekcję przerzutu raka płuca wcześniej zoperowanego. Wszystkie przypadki pierwotnego raka płuca miały charakter raka płaskonabłonkowego. Opisano przebiegi okołooperacyjne, schematy immunosupresji oraz dodatkowe powikłania infekcyjne (gruźlica, zakażenie uogólnione i zakażenie dróg żółciowych, kandydoza przełyku), jakie miały miejsce w tej grupie chorych, choć powikłania te nie były związane z obecnym procesem leczenia. Podkreślono znaczenie nikotynizmu w tej grupie chorych, bowiem każdy z nich był palaczem tytoniu.Diagnostic difficulties, serious prognosis and often insufficient response to treatment are all common features of pulmonary complications in solid organ recipients. Some of these complications need invasive diagnostic procedures and surgical treatment or prolonged pharmacological treatment. Tuberculosis, Pneumocystis and fungal infections are examples of infectious complications. Primary lung cancer or metastasis to the lungs developed shortly after solid organ transplantation are oncological complications. Infectious and noninfectious complications are connected with immunosuppression. Treatment of pulmonary complications in solid organ recipients and continuation of immunosuppression therapy can be challenge for therapeutic team. This article presents five cases (2 women and 3 men) of solid organ recipients treated in department of the authors due to lung neoplasms. Four of them were liver recipients and one was recipient of heart. Three patients were treated due to primary lung cancer, additionally in one of them metastasis of lung cancer occurred, two suffered from metastasis of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) to the lungs. Four patients underwent 6 operation: 2 lobectomies with lymphadenectomy, 1 segmentectomy with lymphadenectomy, 1 bilateral metastasectomy of HCC and 1 metastasectomy of lung cancer. In all cases of primary lung cancer pathological examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Immunosuppression schedule, perioperative courses and infectious complications (tuberculosis, disseminated infection, infection of biliary tract, oesophageal candidiasis) in this group were described. All of them were smokers

Dynamic K-Composite Estimator for an Arbitrary Rotation Scheme

Classical K-composite estimator was proposed in Hansen et al. (1955). Its optimality properties were developed in Rao and Graham (1964). This estimator gives an alternative solution to quasi-optimal estimation under rotation sampling when it is allowed that units leave the sample for several occasions and then come back. Such situations happen frequently in real surveys and are not covered by the recursive optimal estimator introduced by Patterson (1955). However the K-composite estimator suffers from certain disadvantages. It is designed for a stable situation in the sense that its basic parameter is kept constant on all occasions. Additionally it is restricted only to a certain family of rotation designs. Here we propose a dynamic version of the K-composite estimator (DK-composite estimator) without any restrictions on the rotation pattern. Mathematically, the algorithm, we develop, is much simpler than the one for the classical K-composite estimator with optimal weights. Moreover, it is precise, in the sense that it does not use any approximate or asymptotic approach (opposed to the method used in Rao and Graham (1964) for computing optimal weights)

DYNAMIC -COMPOSITE ESTIMATOR FOR AN ARBITRARY ROTATION SCHEME

ABSTRACT Classical -composite estimator was proposed i

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Patient with Visceral Total Inversion

This article reports a case of non-small cell lung cancer in a 74-year-old man with visceral total inversion. The epidemiology and main anatomical differences present in this rare syndrome, as well as basic information on lung cancer, are explored. We present diagnostic procedures and their results and describe the surgical technique of lung cancer treatment performed in this rare case. The perioperative period and the histopathological findings are analysed. Finally, references to similar cases found in worldwide literature are discussed

Assessment of postoperative pain management and comparison of effectiveness of pain relief treatment involving paravertebral block and thoracic epidural analgesia in patients undergoing posterolateral thoracotomy

Abstract Background TEA (thoracic epidural analgesia) is considered a basic method of analgesia used in thoracic surgeries. PVB (paravertebral block) is an alternative method. The thesis compares effectiveness of both methods in postoperative analgesia with particular focus on assessment of the postoperative pain management quality. Methods The study involved 2 groups of patients, each consisting of 30 patients undergoing posterolateral thoracotomy. The study group involved patients anesthetized applying PVB method, while the control group involved patients anesthetized with TEA. Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters as well as severity of pain assessed using NRS (numeric rating scale) during the first 3 days after the surgery, number of days of hospitalization, and the need to use additional pain relievers were taken into account in both groups. Evaluation of postoperative pain management quality was performed applying Clinical Quality Indicators in Postoperative Pain Management. Results No statistical significance was demonstrated between the groups in respect of hemodynamic and respiratory parameters values, the need to use additional pain relievers and the number of days of hospitalization. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in respect of general assessment of pain management quality, except for the assessment of the lowest level of pain within the last 24 h of measurement. This result in TEA group was statistically significantly lower than the one in PVB group (p = 0.019). Conclusions In the assessment of postoperative pain management quality both analyzed methods are statistically significantly different only in the category of “lowest level of pain within the last 24 hours of measurement”, to the benefit of TEA group. No statistically significant difference has been observed between the two study groups with respect to the remaining parameters. Trial registration KB-0012/71/15. Date of registration 22 June 2015

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma of the lung : diagnostic process and treatment based on three case reports and a review of the literature

Uterine leiomyomas may occasionally spread to the lungs forming nodular lesions detectable on chest X-ray. This condition known as benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) usually occurs in females with a history of hysterectomy or myomectomy. We present three cases of BML demonstrating the diagnostic process and treatment approaches. Two patients presented with the more common multiple-nodule variant while the other had a single mass, but all were symptom-free. The age of presented patients at diagnosis of BML ranged from 46–53. The first patient was diagnosed with BML at the age of 50, and 12 years prior to the diagnosis, underwent a supracervical hysterectomy. The second patient had a myomectomy at 36, and BML was diagnosed 17 years later at the age of 53. The third patient had a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the age of 46, with lung lesions present before the hysterectomy. Immunohistochemical studies of postoperative materials showed positive staining of spindle cells with antibodies against desmin and smooth muscle actin, as well as estrogen and progesterone receptors. The final histopathological diagnoses were pulmonary BML. All patients are stable and symptom-free: two at two years follow-up and one at six months follow-u