81,082 research outputs found
Nonlinear Dynamics in the Resonance Lineshape of NbN Superconducting Resonators
In this work we report on unusual nonlinear dynamics measured in the
resonance response of NbN superconducting microwave resonators. The nonlinear
dynamics, occurring at relatively low input powers (2-4 orders of magnitude
lower than Nb), and which include among others, jumps in the resonance
lineshape, hysteresis loops changing direction and resonance frequency shift,
are measured herein using varying input power, applied magnetic field, white
noise and rapid frequency sweeps. Based on these measurement results, we
consider a hypothesis according to which local heating of weak links forming at
the boundaries of the NbN grains are responsible for the observed behavior, and
we show that most of the experimental results are qualitatively consistent with
such hypothesis.Comment: Updated version (of cond-mat/0504582), 16 figure
Thermal effects on lattice strain in hcp Fe under pressure
We compute the c/a lattice strain versus temperature for nonmagnetic hcp iron
at high pressures using both first-principles linear response quasiharmonic
calculations based on the full potential linear-muffin-tin-orbital (LMTO)
method and the particle-in-cell (PIC) model for the vibrational partition
function using a tight-binding total-energy method. The tight-binding model
shows excellent agreement with the all-electron LMTO method. When hcp structure
is stable, the calculated geometric mean frequency and Helmholtz free energy of
hcp Fe from PIC and linear response lattice dynamics agree very well, as does
the axial ratio as a function of temperature and pressure. On-site
anharmonicity proves to be small up to the melting temperature, and PIC gives a
good estimate of its sign and magnitude. At low pressures, hcp Fe becomes
dynamically unstable at large c/a ratios, and the PIC model might fail where
the structure approaches lattice instability. The PIC approximation describes
well the vibrational behavior away from the instability, and thus is a
reasonable approach to compute high temperature properties of materials. Our
results show significant differences from earlier PIC studies, which gave much
larger axial ratio increases with increasing temperature, or reported large
differences between PIC and lattice dynamics results.Comment: 9 figure
Evolution of the proton sd states in neutron-rich Ca isotopes
We analyze the evolution with increasing isospin asymmetry of the proton
single-particle states 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 in Ca isotopes, using non-relativistic
and relativistic mean field approaches. Both models give similar trends and it
is shown that this evolution is sensitive to the neutron shell structure, the
two states becoming more or less close depending on the neutron orbitals which
are filled. In the regions where the states get closer some parametrizations
predict an inversion between them. This inversion occurs near Ca as well
as very far from stability where the two states systematically cross each other
if the drip line predicted in the model is located far enough. We study in
detail the modification of the two single-particle energies by using the
equivalent potential in the Schroedinger-like Skyrme-Hartree-Fock equations.
The role played by central, kinetic and spin-orbit contributions is discussed.
We finally show that the effect of a tensor component in the effective
interaction considerably favors the inversion of the two proton states in
Ca.Comment: 7 figure
Multi-Component Dark Matter Systems and Their Observation Prospects
Conversions and semi-annihilations of dark matter (DM) particles in addition
to the standard DM annihilations are considered in a three-component DM system.
We find that the relic abundance of DM can be very sensitive to these
non-standard DM annihilation processes, which has been recently found for
two-component DM systems. To consider a concrete model of a three-component DM
system, we extend the radiative seesaw model of Ma by adding a Majorana fermion
\chi and a real scalar boson \phi, to obtain a Z_2 \times Z'_2 DM stabilizing
symmetry, where we assume that the DM particles are the inert Higgs boson, \chi
and \phi. It is shown how the allowed parameter space, obtained previously in
the absence of \chi and \phi, changes. The semi-annihilation process in this
model produces monochromatic neutrinos. The observation rate of these
monochromatic neutrinos from the Sun at IceCube is estimated. Observations of
high energy monochromatic neutrinos from the Sun may indicate a multi-component
DM system.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figure
Levinson's theorem for the Schr\"{o}dinger equation in two dimensions
Levinson's theorem for the Schr\"{o}dinger equation with a cylindrically
symmetric potential in two dimensions is re-established by the Sturm-Liouville
theorem. The critical case, where the Schr\"{o}dinger equation has a finite
zero-energy solution, is analyzed in detail. It is shown that, in comparison
with Levinson's theorem in non-critical case, the half bound state for
wave, in which the wave function for the zero-energy solution does not decay
fast enough at infinity to be square integrable, will cause the phase shift of
wave at zero energy to increase an additional .Comment: Latex 11 pages, no figure and accepted by P.R.A (in August); Email:
[email protected], [email protected]
Polarity of the fermionic condensation in the -wave Kitaev model on a square lattice
In a -wave Kitaev model, the nearest neighbor pairing term results in the
formation of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) pair in the ground state. In
this work, we study the fermionic condensation of real-space pairs in a
-wave Kitaev model on a square lattice with a uniform phase gradient pairing
term along both directions. The exact solution shows that the ground state can
be expressed in a coherent-state-like form, indicating the condensation of a
collective pairing mode, which is the superposition of different configurations
of pairs in real space. The amplitudes of each configuration depend not only on
the size but also on the orientation of the pair. We employ three quantities to
characterize the ground state in the thermodynamic limit. (i) A BCS-pair order
parameter is introduced to characterize the phase diagram, consisting of gapful
and topological gapless phases. (ii) The particle-particle correlation length
is obtained to reveal the polarity of the pair condensation. In addition, (iii)
a pair-pair correlator is analytically derived to indicate the possessing of
off-diagonal long-range order. Our work proposes an alternative method for
understanding fermionic condensation
The Relativistic Levinson Theorem in Two Dimensions
In the light of the generalized Sturm-Liouville theorem, the Levinson theorem
for the Dirac equation in two dimensions is established as a relation between
the total number of the bound states and the sum of the phase shifts
of the scattering states with the angular momentum :
\noindent The critical case, where the Dirac equation has a finite
zero-momentum solution, is analyzed in detail. A zero-momentum solution is
called a half bound state if its wave function is finite but does not decay
fast enough at infinity to be square integrable.Comment: Latex 14 pages, no figure, submitted to Phys.Rev.A; Email:
[email protected], [email protected]
Production of Sodium Bose--Einstein condensates in an optical dimple trap
We report on the realization of a sodium Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) in a
combined red-detuned optical dipole trap, formed by two beams crossing in a
horizontal plane and a third, tightly focused dimple trap propagating
vertically. We produce a BEC in three main steps: loading of the crossed dipole
trap from laser-cooled atoms, an intermediate evaporative cooling stage which
results in efficient loading of the auxiliary dimple trap, and a final
evaporative cooling stage in the dimple trap. Our protocol is implemented in a
compact setup and allows us to reach quantum degeneracy even with relatively
modest initial atom numbers and available laser power
Health professionals' perceptions of cultural influences on stroke experiences and rehabilitation in Kuwait
This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published article is available from the link below. Copyright @ 2012 Informa UK Ltd.Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of health professionals who treat stroke patients in Kuwait regarding cultural influences on the experience of stroke and rehabilitation in Kuwait. Health professionals interviewed were from a variety of cultural backgrounds thus providing an opportunity to investigate how they perceived the influence of culture on stroke recovery and rehabilitation in Kuwait. Method: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 health professionals with current/recent stroke rehabilitation experience in Kuwait, followed by thematic analysis of the verbatim transcripts. Results: The health professionals identified several features of the Kuwaiti culture that they believed affected the experiences of stroke patients. These were religious beliefs, family involvement, limited education and public information about stroke, prevailing negative attitudes toward stroke, access to finances for private treatment, social stigma and the public invisibility of disabled people, difficulties identifying meaningful goals for rehabilitation, and an acceptance of dependency linked with the widespread presence of maids and other paid assistants in most Kuwaiti homes. Conclusion: To offer culturally sensitive care, these issues should be taken into account during the rehabilitation of Kuwaiti stroke patients in their home country and elsewhere
Levinson's Theorem for the Klein-Gordon Equation in Two Dimensions
The two-dimensional Levinson theorem for the Klein-Gordon equation with a
cylindrically symmetric potential is established. It is shown that
, where denotes
the difference between the number of bound states of the particle
and the ones of antiparticle with a fixed angular momentum , and
the is named phase shifts. The constants and
are introduced to symbol the critical cases where the half bound
states occur at .Comment: Revtex file 14 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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