The influence of mineral fertilization upon production and quality of spring barley on agricultural research and development station Turda

In order to clarify some aspects of the spring barley reaction on the production and accumulation of the protein in grain, at different levels of fertilization, some estimates of this chemical component were made at 16 levels of fertilization with N: P: K in the period 2016-2017 . The increase in protein content was achieved at the highest levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, even when potassium fertilizers were not used, but the highest protein content in grain accumulating at the level of N60P80K0 was 11.78%. The highest yield can be attributed to the fertilization variant N120P80K40, which confirms the negative relationship between production and protein content

Some elements of economic efficiency of biological treatment to combat corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis hbn) in the conditions of Transylvania

The paper is a synthesis of the results obtained during 1998-2010, on the effectiveness of biological (Trichogramma spp.) and chemical treatments (different insecticides) in reducing the attack of Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. to the corn genotypes created at The Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda. Among Trichogramma species used, a good efficacy in reducing attack of Ostrinia nubilalis was presented by T. maidis (80.0 %) and T. evanescens (78.0 %) - 3 applications. The applications with these species of Trichogramma to maize crops should be done at a distance of 6-7 m / row and between rows, in order to allow a uniform dispersion and a high degree of parasitizing eggs of corn borer. The biological treatments with T. maidis made to corn hybrids created at SCDA Turda, had reduced significantly the corn borer attack, recording production increases from 4.0 to 11.0 %. The basic conditions for achieving high efficiency in reducing the attack of Ostrinia nubilalis, with Trichogramma spp. are: conducting applications at optimal moment and ensuring optimum densities correlated with the density of the pest and chemicals used (Decis Mega 50 EW, Calypso 480 SC) had reduced the attack frequency significantly and very significantly, their efficacy in this regard was between 87-90 %. From the analysis performed through the economic effect of biological and chemical treatments to combat corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) resulted certain economic advantages using the method of biological control with Trichogramma spp., both in terms of reducing costs per hectares and the production growth produced. Thus, the species of this entomophage used, Trichogramma spp., constitutes in a way a “new generation of biological insecticides'', that does not pollute and is used to combat the over 500 species of pests in the order Lepidoptera

The influence of mineral fertilization upon production and quality of spring barley on agricultural research and development station Turda

In order to clarify some aspects of the spring barley reaction on the production and accumulation of the protein in grain, at different levels of fertilization, some estimates of this chemical component were made at 16 levels of fertilization with N: P: K in the period 2016-2017 . The increase in protein content was achieved at the highest levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, even when potassium fertilizers were not used, but the highest protein content in grain accumulating at the level of N60P80K0 was 11.78%. The highest yield can be attributed to the fertilization variant N120P80K40, which confirms the negative relationship between production and protein content

The Reaction of some Maize Hybrids, Created at ARDS TURDA, to Fusarium spp. Infection

The most important disease of maize in Romania are stalk and ear rot, which caused yield losses in average of 20%. The resistant hibrids represent one of the most efficient solution for reducing the field loses caused by Fusarium spp. on the maize (Nagy et al., 2006). Diseases caused by Fusarium spp. can affect the yield and grain quality of maize because of contamination with numerous mycotoxins produced by these fungi (Czembor et al., 2015). The purpose of this paper was to know more about the reaction of different maize hybrids to Fusarium and the evaluating the effect of ear rot on the yield ability and mycotoxins accumulation. The experiments carried out at ARDS Turda, during four years (2012-2015). The biological material was represented by 8 hybrids, from different maturity groups, tested in two infection conditions with Fusarium spp. (natural and artificial infections). The temperature and rainfalls of the four years of experiments corresponding to the vegetation of maize (april-september) are influenced favourably the pathogenesis of stalk and ear rot caused by Fusarium spp. and a good discrimination of the resistance reaction of genotypes. Fusarium ear rot has significantly affected production capacity and chemical composition of corn hybrids tested. In conditions of artificial infection with Fusarium spp. was a decrease in the content of starch, fat and increased protein content compared with artificially inoculated variants. The quantity of fumonizin B1+B2 has reached to 5630 μg/kg in conditions of artificial infection. There are negative correlations between production capacity and degree of attack of fusarium ear rot; depending on the reacting genotypes tested increasing disease causes production decrease. The response of maize hybrids to Fusarium infection is influenced by infection and climatic conditions. These factors affect production both in terms of quantity and quality and accumulation of mycotoxins

Effects of complex fertilizer on yield components and yield of some soybean genotypes

Fertilization is one of the main economic and health-promoting factors in crop cultivation. Field trials were carried out in 2019, in the experimental field of Soybean Breeding Laboratory from Agricultural Research and Development Station in Turda (ARDS Turda), based on a subdivided parcel design with two replications, using plots of 5 m2 . The biological material used in this study was created at ARDS Turda, 13 semi-early, early and very early soybean genotypes being evaluated: 7 varieties (Perla, Onix, Felix, Carla, Caro TD, Ada TD, Raluca TD) and 6 perspective lines (T-161, T- 295, T-165, T-6126, T-6117 and T-166). Fertilization was carried out with NPK 16:16:16 complex fertilizer applying the following doses: 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha, 250 kg/ha and unfertilized (Control). At the end of the growing season the genotypes were characterized by: plant height (cm), number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, seeds weight/plant (g), TKW (g), yield (kg/ha). The reported data is the average of 10 measurements. Statistical calculations were accomplished in Excel 2013 (Microsoft, USA) highlighting differences between studied genotypes and applied doses. The average of the seed/plant had small variations, in this year's conditions; the grain size varied between 122 g and 162 g and the maximum yield was about 3 to/ha at the dose of 200 kg/ha complex fertilizer