ガン タイケンシャ エノ sat リョウホウ ニ ヨル シンリ シエン ノ コウカ ニ ツイテ

がん体験者の心理支援は難しいが、SAT療法が開発され短期間での介入効果が得られるようになった。そこで、本研究はがん体験者にSAT療法を一斉に1回だけ用いることで、心理支援に効果があるか検討することとした。介入は、筆頭筆者が20xx年8月にがん体験者7人とその家族4人に対して、SAT療法で実施した。分析対象者はがん体験者6人(平均年齢:59.7±3.7歳、原発がんの発症年齢:55.8±5.8歳、原発がんの種類と人数:大腸がん1人、胃がん1人、乳がん2人、肺がん1人、子宮がん1人)であった。結果は、自己抑制型行動特性の値が介入前の5.0点から介入後の3.5点へと有意に改善した(z=-2.04,p= .04)。主観的ストレス度は介入前の30%から介入後の15%へと有意に改善した(z=-2.27,p= .02)。自己価値感尺度の値は介入前の8.0点から介入後の9.5点へと有意傾向で改善した。(z=-1.81,p= .07)。自己否定感尺度の値は有意差が得られなかったが、中央値・平均値はともに低下した。介入への自由記述は肯定的記述6人、否定的・中立的記述0人であった。これらのことから、がん体験という深刻なライフイベントに対して、一斉に1回だけのSAT療法による心理支援も一定の成果を得たといえる。PURPOSE: Providing psychological support for cancer experiencers is difficult. However, the intervention effect was attained in a short period of time after the development of the SAT therapy. Therefore, this research studied the effect on psychological support for cancer experiencers with the one-time use of the SAT therapy method en masse. DESIGN: Intervention was implemented by the authors using the SAT therapy on seven cancer experiencers and four family members in August 20xx. The subjects for the analysis included six cancer experiencers( average age: 59.7±3.7 years; age at the onset of the original cancer: 55.8±5.8 years; types of primary cancers and ages of subject: colon cancer: one person; stomach cancer: one person; breast cancer: two people; lung cancer: one person; uterine cancer: one person). RESULTS: The results showed significant improvement in characteristic values for self-repression from 5.0 points before intervention to 3.5 points after intervention. Subjective stress levels improved significantly from 30% before intervention to 15% after intervention. (z=2.27; p= .02) The scale values of self-esteem also showed a significant trend for improvement from 8.0 points before intervention to 9.5 points after intervention.( z=1.81; p=0.7) A significant difference was not attained for scale values for self-denial, but both the central value and average value dropped. In free descriptions relating to intervention, six people positively described intervention. No people expressed negative or neutral descriptions. CONCLUSION: In view of these results, some positive results were achieved in psychological support for the serious life event of experiencing cancer with only one use en masse of the SAT therapy

ジショウ コウイ ト シンリ トクセイ トノ カンレン ニ ツイテ ノ ヨビ ケンキュウ

近年、教育界において自傷行為が数多く報告されている。自傷行為については、わからないことが多く、予防支援のためには、心理的要因を検討することが望まれる。そこで、本研究では、自傷行為と心理特性との関連を予備的に検討する。関東地方A高校2年生1クラスの39名に対し、2010年11月に無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施した。調査項目は(1)属性(性別)(2)学校について(学校満足度)・家庭について(居心地・愛着)(3)故意に健康を害する行為(経験・念慮)の有無(4)自傷行為(経験・念慮)の有無( 5)心理的要因に関する尺度(5項目)であった。結果は、次のとおりである。(1)喫煙(経験1人・念慮3人)、飲酒(経験18人・念慮3人)、ダイエット(経験4人・念慮6人)、過食嘔吐(経験8人・念慮3人)、過量服薬(経験0人・念慮2人)であった。(2)自傷行為有(経験4人・念慮3人)、無32人であった。(3)特性不安、抑うつ、自己否定感の各尺度値が基準値を超え、特性不安尺度、抑うつ尺度、自己否定感尺度間に強い正の相関がみられた。(4)自傷行為(経験・念慮)と心理特性尺度との相関については「抑うつ」「自己否定感」において有意、「特性不安」において有意傾向であった。(5)自傷行為(経験・念慮)有無2群における心理特性については、有群が無群に比して「抑うつ」「自己否定感」において有意に、「特性不安」において有意傾向で課題が見られた。これらのことから、次のことが考えられる。心理的課題を抱える生徒は複数の心理的問題を同時に抱え、学校生活の大変さがうかがわれた。健康を害する行為や自傷行為の一定数は、そのことに関連している可能性が推察される。特に、自傷行為(経験・念慮)については、統計学的に心理的課題との関連が推測され、対象者の一部が、自傷行為という行為を通して、心理的課題に独自に対応しているのではないかと考えられる。自傷行為予防支援に向けての本格的調査が必要である。In recent years, there have been numerous reports of individuals committing acts of nonsuicidal self-injury in educational circles. Much is still unknown about non-suicidal self-injury and it is vital that we examine psychological factors for the prevention support of such behavior. To this end, this research provides a preliminary investigation of the relationship between nonsuicidal self-injury and psychological characteristics. In November 2010, an unsigned selfadministered questionnaire was conducted on 39 Class 1, 2nd Year, A High School students. The questionnaire items included criteria relating to:(1) gender;(2) school(degree of satisfaction) and home(comfort level and attachment);(3) deliberate acts to harm health(actual experiences and entertaining thoughts of such behavior);(4) non-suicidal self-injury(actual experiences and entertaining thoughts of such behavior); and(5) psychological factors. The result is as follows(1) Smoking(past experience 1, entertained thoughts 3); Drinking(past experience 18, entertained thoughts 3); Dieting(past experience 4, entertained thoughts 6); Bulimic behavior(past experience 8, entertained thoughts 3); and Drug overdoses(past experience 0, entertained thoughts 2). 2) Non-suicidal self-injury: 4 people had past experiences, 3 people had entertained such thoughts, with 32 having no such thoughts. 3) Scale values for trait anxiety, depression, and feeling of selfdenial were all above the normal range and a strong positive correlation was observed amongst trait anxiety criterion, depression criterion, and feeling of self-denial criterion(4) The correlation between self-injurious behavior and psychological characteristics was significant for "depression" and "feeling of self-denial." It was found to be marginally significant for "trait anxiety."(5) There was a significant difference in the scale values of "depression" and " feelings of self-denial" between the two groups that " had" and " did not have" experience of self-injurious behavior(experience and entertained thoughts of). There was a marginally significant difference with the scale of "trait anxiety." From these things, consideration is as follows. Students with psychological issues appeared to have multiple psychological problems simultaneously, which shed light on the difficulties of school life. One can surmise that there is a possibility that actions designed to harm one\u27s health and non-suicidal self-injury were related to psychological issues. In particular, non-suicidal selfinjury was assumed to be statistically related to psychological issues. Some of the subjects were thought to be coping in their own way with psychological issues by committing non-suicidal selfinjury. It is necessary to conduct a full-scale investigation for the prevention support of self-injurious behavior

Psycho-social influence on self-care of the hemodialysis patient

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the psycho-social factors needed for chronic hemodialysis patients to properly engage in self-care behaviors for diet and other matters. The hypotheses concerning the psycho-social factors of self-care for hematocrit, water, sodium and potassium were verified. This study has yielded several results, of which the following four are the most important. First, since patients engage in many kinds of self-care behaviors--some effectively and others not so--it is important that we distinguish them according to their effectiveness. Some patients are in fact doing things every day that are actually detrimental to their health. Second, the physical patient's conditions, 'behavioral senses' regarding his habits, and the criticisms he receives in his work place generally tend to interfere with his self-care behaviors. Yet those who are aware of its influence and who try hard to overcome it tend to be more successful than those who are less aware and do not try as hard. Moreover, the factor that distinguishes these two types of patient is their personality characteristic of perceived 'external-internal locus of control over what happens to them'. Thus it is important to perceive the 'internal locus of control'. Fourth, since the patient's feeling that life is meaningful enables him to actively pursue self-care efforts, such a feeling helps bring about favorable medical test scores. And whether the patient is able to develop a feeling that his life is meaningful is closely related to his family and work. Therefore, it can be said that the patient will need to be provided with such psychosocial support as helping him to solve whatever problem he may have in his family and job, so that he may feel that 'life is meaningful'.

Inverse association of natural mentoring relationship with distress mental health in children orphaned by AIDS

Abstract Background The magnitude of the AIDS-orphaned children crisis in sub-Saharan Africa has so overstretched the resource of most families that the collapse of fostering in the sub-region seems imminent (UNICEF, 2003), fueling the need for a complementary/alternative care. This paper examines the probability of the natural mentoring care to ameliorate distress mental health in children orphaned by AIDS. Methods 952 children, mean age about 14 years, from local community schools and child-care centers in Kampala (Uganda) and Mafikeng/Klerksdorp (South Africa) towns participated in the study. The design has AIDS-orphaned group (n = 373) and two control groups: Other-causes orphaned (n = 287) and non-orphaned (n = 290) children. We use measures of child abuse, depression, social discrimination, anxiety, parental/foster care, self-esteem, and social support to estimate mental health. Natural mentoring care is measured with the Ragins and McFarlin (1990) Mentor Role Instrument as adapted. Results AIDS-orphaned children having a natural mentor showed significant decreased distress mental health factors. Similar evidence was not observed in the control groups. Also being in a natural mentoring relationship inversely related to distress mental health factors in the AIDS-orphaned group, in particular. AIDS-orphaned children who scored high mentoring relationship showed significant lowest distress mental health factors that did those who scored moderate and low mentoring relationship. Conclusions Natural mentoring care seems more beneficial to ameliorate distress mental health in AIDS-orphaned children (many of whom are double-orphans, having no biological parents) than in children in the control groups.</p