Investigating the relationships between unfavourable habitual sleep and metabolomic traits:evidence from multi-cohort multivariable regression and Mendelian randomization analyses

BACKGROUND: Sleep traits are associated with cardiometabolic disease risk, with evidence from Mendelian randomization (MR) suggesting that insomnia symptoms and shorter sleep duration increase coronary artery disease risk. We combined adjusted multivariable regression (AMV) and MR analyses of phenotypes of unfavourable sleep on 113 metabolomic traits to investigate possible biochemical mechanisms linking sleep to cardiovascular disease.METHODS: We used AMV (N = 17,368) combined with two-sample MR (N = 38,618) to examine effects of self-reported insomnia symptoms, total habitual sleep duration, and chronotype on 113 metabolomic traits. The AMV analyses were conducted on data from 10 cohorts of mostly Europeans, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. For the MR analyses, we used summary results from published European-ancestry genome-wide association studies of self-reported sleep traits and of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) serum metabolites. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and complemented this with sensitivity analyses to assess MR assumptions.RESULTS: We found consistent evidence from AMV and MR analyses for associations of usual vs. sometimes/rare/never insomnia symptoms with lower citrate (- 0.08 standard deviation (SD)[95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.12, - 0.03] in AMV and - 0.03SD [- 0.07, - 0.003] in MR), higher glycoprotein acetyls (0.08SD [95% CI 0.03, 0.12] in AMV and 0.06SD [0.03, 0.10) in MR]), lower total very large HDL particles (- 0.04SD [- 0.08, 0.00] in AMV and - 0.05SD [- 0.09, - 0.02] in MR), and lower phospholipids in very large HDL particles (- 0.04SD [- 0.08, 0.002] in AMV and - 0.05SD [- 0.08, - 0.02] in MR). Longer total sleep duration associated with higher creatinine concentrations using both methods (0.02SD per 1 h [0.01, 0.03] in AMV and 0.15SD [0.02, 0.29] in MR) and with isoleucine in MR analyses (0.22SD [0.08, 0.35]). No consistent evidence was observed for effects of chronotype on metabolomic measures.CONCLUSIONS: Whilst our results suggested that unfavourable sleep traits may not cause widespread metabolic disruption, some notable effects were observed. The evidence for possible effects of insomnia symptoms on glycoprotein acetyls and citrate and longer total sleep duration on creatinine and isoleucine might explain some of the effects, found in MR analyses of these sleep traits on coronary heart disease, which warrant further investigation.</p

National Diet and Nutrition Survey: England Sodium Survey, 2018-2019

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Programme (RP) began in 2008 and is designed to assess the diet, nutrient intake and nutritional status of the general population aged 1.5 years and over living in private households in the UK. (For details of the previous NDNS series, which began in 1992, see the documentation for studies 3481, 4036, 4243 and 5140.)The programme is funded by Public Health England (PHE), an executive agency of the Department of Health, and the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA).The NDNS RP is currently carried out by a consortium comprising NatCen Social Research (NatCen) (NatCen, contract lead)&nbsp;and the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge (scientific lead). The MRC Epidemiology Unit joined the consortium in November 2017. Until December 2018, the consortium included the MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge (former scientific lead). In Years 1 to 5 (2008/09 – 2012/13) the consortium also included the University College London Medical School (UCL).Survey activities at the MRC Epidemiology Unit are delivered with the support of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215- 20014), comprising the NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory and NIHR BRC Dietary Assessment and Physical Activity Group. The NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre is a partnership between Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Cambridge, funded by the NIHR.&nbsp;The NDNS RP provides the only source of high quality, nationally representative UK data on the types and quantities of foods consumed by individuals, from which estimates of nutrient intake for the population are derived. Results are used by Government to develop policy and monitor progress toward diet and nutrition objectives of UK Health Departments, for example work to tackle obesity and monitor progress towards a healthy, balanced diet as visually depicted in the&nbsp;Eatwell Guide. The NDNS RP provides an important source of evidence underpinning the&nbsp;Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition&nbsp;(SACN) work relating to national nutrition policy. The food consumption data are also used by the FSA to assess exposure to chemicals in food, as part of the risk assessment and communication process in response to a food emergency or to inform negotiations on setting regulatory limits for contaminants.Further information is available from the gov.uk&nbsp;National Diet and Nutrition Survey&nbsp;webpage.England Sodium Survey, 2018-2019Estimated salt intake of adults aged 19 to 64 years in England was assessed from 24-hour urinary sodium excretion of 596 adults, selected to be representative of this section of the population and to be sufficient to detect a difference of 0.5 g of salt intake compared with the previous survey in England in 2014 (using an estimate of variation from the England 2011 and 2014 surveys - see SN 8233). Urine samples were collected over seven months (November 2018 to May 2019). The survey was carried out by NatCen Social Research (NatCen) and the National Institute of Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (Cambridge BRC NDNS team). The latter consists of the NIHR BRC Diet, Anthropometry and Physical Activity Group and the NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory hosted at the Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit at the University of Cambridge. The survey was funded by Public Health England.Further information, including reports and tables can be found on the GOV.UK&nbsp;National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Assessment of salt intake from urinary sodium in adults (aged 19 to 64 years) in England, 2018 to 2019 webpage.Main Topics: Biomeasure of sodium intake (from urine sample) Health behaviour</ul

National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Diet and Physical Activity – a Follow-up Study during COVID-19, 2020

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Programme (RP) began in 2008 and is designed to assess the diet, nutrient intake and nutritional status of the general population aged 1.5 years and over living in private households in the UK. (For details of the previous NDNS series, which began in 1992, see the documentation for studies 3481, 4036, 4243 and 5140.)The programme is funded by Public Health England (PHE), an executive agency of the Department of Health, and the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA).The NDNS RP is currently carried out by a consortium comprising NatCen Social Research (NatCen) (NatCen, contract lead)&nbsp;and the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge (scientific lead). The MRC Epidemiology Unit joined the consortium in November 2017. Until December 2018, the consortium included the MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge (former scientific lead). In Years 1 to 5 (2008/09 – 2012/13) the consortium also included the University College London Medical School (UCL).Survey activities at the MRC Epidemiology Unit are delivered with the support of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215- 20014), comprising the NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory and NIHR BRC Dietary Assessment and Physical Activity Group. The NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre is a partnership between Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Cambridge, funded by the NIHR.&nbsp;The NDNS RP provides the only source of high quality, nationally representative UK data on the types and quantities of foods consumed by individuals, from which estimates of nutrient intake for the population are derived. Results are used by Government to develop policy and monitor progress toward diet and nutrition objectives of UK Health Departments, for example work to tackle obesity and monitor progress towards a healthy, balanced diet as visually depicted in the&nbsp;Eatwell Guide. The NDNS RP provides an important source of evidence underpinning the&nbsp;Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition&nbsp;(SACN) work relating to national nutrition policy. The food consumption data are also used by the FSA to assess exposure to chemicals in food, as part of the risk assessment and communication process in response to a food emergency or to inform negotiations on setting regulatory limits for contaminants.Further information is available from the gov.uk&nbsp;National Diet and Nutrition Survey&nbsp;webpage.This study was a follow-up of National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP) participants and aimed to describe, and assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on, the diet and physical activity of people in the UK in 2020. Self-reported diet and physical activity data was collected between August and October 2020 for around 1,000 adults and children which was compared with their diet and activity data obtained at the time of their original NDNS RP interview. Data on food security, financial security and changes in dietary and health-related behaviours since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK in February 2020 were also collected in this study (but not previously in the NDNS RP) through a web questionnaire with the aim of helping to understand the context for any changes in diet and activity. Participants were also asked to complete 4 online dietary recalls over a 2 to 3 week period to assess their current diet. This was compared with their reported diet when originally assessed in the NDNS RP (on average 2 years 7 months earlier). Adults were also asked to complete a Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire (RPAQ), again to compare with their reported physical activity when originally assessed in the NDNS RP.Latest edition information For the second edition (September 2022), the Food Level dietary data file has been replaced with a new version, with the variable 'FoodNumber' added. An Excel format nutrient database has also been added to the study, and the documentation updated accordingly. The main NDNS study can be found under SN 6533.Main Topics:The study focuses on diet and physical activity during Covid-19, following up participants who completed the main NDNS between 2016 and 2020.</p

The aetiology of motor neurone disease

Proceedings of a meeting held Southampton (GB), 22 Nov 1989Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:8198.859(MRC-EEU-SR--10) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

Meta-EWAS results

Offspring methylation ~ Paternal BMI + Paternal age + Maternal age + Paternal smoking + Maternal smoking + Paternal SEP + Maternal parity + estimated cell proportions + 20 surrogate variables These files contains meta-analysis summary statistics for all Illumina 450k or EPIC probes for which at least one cohort supplied data. No filtering has taken place. For the paper describing this work, some probes (e.g. cross-hybridising probes, or probes on the sex chromosomes) were removed after meta-analysis, before any downstream analysis

Simulated multi-omic dataset including DNA methylation, proteins and metabolites

Dataset simulated for use in a short course in molecular epidemiology

Scottish Health Survey, 2011

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The Scottish Health Survey (SHeS) series was established in 1995. Commissioned by the Scottish Government Health Directorates, the series provides regular information on aspects of the public's health and factors related to health which cannot be obtained from other sources. The SHeS series was designed to:estimate the prevalence of particular health conditions in Scotland;estimate the prevalence of certain risk factors associated with these health conditions and to document the pattern of related health behaviours;look at differences between regions and between subgroups of the population in the extent of their having these particular health conditions or risk factors, and to make comparisons with other national statistics for Scotland and England;monitor trends in the population's health over time;make a major contribution to monitoring progress towards health targets.Each survey in the series includes a set of core questions and measurements (height and weight and, if applicable, blood pressure, waist circumference, urine and saliva samples), plus modules of questions on specific health conditions that vary from year to year. Each year the core sample has also been augmented by an additional boosted sample for children. Since 2008 NHS Health Boards have also had the opportunity to boost the number of adult interviews carried out in their area. The Scottish Government Scottish Health Survey webpages contain further information about the series, including latest news and publications. The&nbsp;Scottish Health Survey, 2011&nbsp;was designed to provide data at a national level about the population living in private households in Scotland. The sample for the 2011 survey, as in previous years, was drawn from the Postcode Address File (PAF). An initial sample of 10,431 addresses was selected and grouped into 473 interviewer batches, with around 39 batches covered each month between January and December 2011. The addresses comprised three sample types: 7,971 formed the main sample, at which adults and children were eligible to be selected for interview 1,944 addresses formed an additional child boost sample at which only households containing children aged 0-15 were eligible to participate 516 addresses (in Grampian, Fife and Borders) formed the Health Board boost sample, at which only adults were eligible for interview. Latest edition information For the fifth edition (July 2021) OECD equivalised income derived variables were added to the individual file. The new variables are: OECD (OECD household score for equivalised income); eqvinc_15 (Equivalised income - OECD score); eqv5_15 (Equivalised Income Quintiles); and eqv10_15 (Equivalised Income Deciles). Main Topics:Questionnaires The individual questionnaire covered: general health and wellbeing; cardiovascular disease and use of services; accidents; eating habits; adult (16 years and over) and child (2-15 years) physical activity; fruit and vegetable consumption; smoking and alcohol consumption (16 years and over); dental health (16 years and over); social capital, discrimination and harassment, stress at work, economic activity, education, parental history, measurements and standard classification questions. Some participants also answered questions about their knowledge of health messages, attitudes to health and motivations to make lifestyle changes for health purposes. The Version A module of the 2011 questionnaire, covering accidents, dental services, discrimination and harassment, and stress at work, was also fielded in 2009. The adult self-completion questionnaire covered drinking experiences, recent general health, and contraception. The Young Adults self-completion questionnaire covered smoking, drinking and contraception. The self-completion questionnaire for child respondents aged 13-15 years covered recent general health, and the self-completion booklet for the parents of 4-12 year olds comprised the standard Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ) questionnaire. The nurse visit covered: prescribed medicines, vitamin supplements, nicotine replacement therapy, blood pressure, anxiety, self-harm, food poisoning, waist and hip circumference, demi-span (respondents aged 65 years and over), lung function, blood sample, saliva sample and urine sample.<br

Scottish Health Survey, 2012

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The Scottish Health Survey (SHeS) series was established in 1995. Commissioned by the Scottish Government Health Directorates, the series provides regular information on aspects of the public's health and factors related to health which cannot be obtained from other sources. The SHeS series was designed to:estimate the prevalence of particular health conditions in Scotland;estimate the prevalence of certain risk factors associated with these health conditions and to document the pattern of related health behaviours;look at differences between regions and between subgroups of the population in the extent of their having these particular health conditions or risk factors, and to make comparisons with other national statistics for Scotland and England;monitor trends in the population's health over time;make a major contribution to monitoring progress towards health targets.Each survey in the series includes a set of core questions and measurements (height and weight and, if applicable, blood pressure, waist circumference, urine and saliva samples), plus modules of questions on specific health conditions that vary from year to year. Each year the core sample has also been augmented by an additional boosted sample for children. Since 2008 NHS Health Boards have also had the opportunity to boost the number of adult interviews carried out in their area. The Scottish Government Scottish Health Survey webpages contain further information about the series, including latest news and publications. The Scottish Health Survey, 2012 was the seventh survey in the series, designed to provide data at a national level about the population living in private households in Scotland. The NHS Health Scotland funded module of questions on knowledge, motivations and attitudes to health which was included in the 2008-2011 surveys, was discontinued in 2012. Since its inception in 1995, the SHeS interview has included a second stage follow-up visit from a survey nurse to collect biological samples and measures. This was discontinued in 2012. Instead, between 2012 and 2015, specially trained interviewers are taking many of the measurements and samples, previously collected by nurses, from a sub-sample of adult participants. For the fourth edition (February 2020), new equivalised income derived variables based on the OECD scoring method (as included in SHeS 2015 onwards) were added to the individual file. The dataset documentation has been updated accordingly. Main Topics:The 2012 SHeS covered general health, caring responsibilities, respiratory symptoms, CVD, use of services, asthma, physical activity adults, barriers to exercise and motivations to exercise, eating habits, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, drinking, dental health, family health, prescription drugs, anxiety, depression and self harm. Height and weight and blood pressure measures were taken, and saliva and urine samples

Co3O4-ZnO P-N Heterostructure Nanomaterials Film and its Enhanced Photoelectric Response to Visible Lights at Near Room Temperature

In this paper, Co3O4-ZnO nanomaterials with Co3O4 doping mass fractions of 0%, 2.13%, 4.13%, and 6.13% were prepared by sol-gel method. In order to explain and confirm the influence of the incorporation of Co3O4 on the surface morphology and gas sensitivity of ZnO at a relatively low gas concentration, additional studies such as XRD, XPS, SEM, EDS and UV-vis spectroscopy were performed. And its photoelectric response to 100 ppm acetone at near room temperature and visible light irradiation was studied. Due to the formation of P-N heterojunctions, the Co3O4-ZnO heterostructural nanoparticles has a highe response to low concentrations of acetone gas than undoped ZnO nanoparticles even at operating temperatures as low as 30ºC. The addition of Co3O4 improves the sensitivity and selectivity of ZnO thick films. The sensitivity of the 4.13wt% Co3O4-ZnO sample to 100 ppm acetone at a working temperature of 30ºC was 24.36. The light excitation effect was significantly enhanced. Under visible light irradiation, the sensitivity can reach 37.21. In addition, the Co3O4-ZnO P-N heterojunction model was combined with visible light excitation theory to further explore the mechanism of gas sensing reaction

Additional file 1 of Assessing the effects of hyperparameters on knowledge graph embedding quality

Additional file 1: A .zip file containing all supplementary tables, in gzip compressed .csv format, that are referenced in this manuscript.Supplementary table 1 provides the possible values that each of the tested hyperparameters could take. Supplementary table 2 describes the 233 total jobs that were attempted to be run in LibKGE in terms of: dataset, KGE method, training method, and loss function. Supplementary table 3 provides the raw data used to generate Figure 2. Supplementary table 4 shows the results of an inverse-relation-leakage analysis that was run on the UMLS dataset. Supplementary tables 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3 are the raw symmetrical adjacency matrices used to visualise the network data in figures 3A, 3B, and 3C respectively.