Are retinol, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate and carotenoids intake associated with bladder cancer risk? Results from the Netherlands cohort study

Summary In the Netherlands Cohort Study among 120 852 subjects aged 55–69 years at baseline (1986), the association between vitamins and carotenoids intake, vitamin supplement use, and bladder cancer incidence was examined. Exposure status was measured with a foodfrequency questionnaire. After 6.3 years of follow-up, data from 569 cases and 3123 subcohort members were available for case-cohort analyses. The age-, sex-, and smoking-adjusted relative risks (RRs) for retinol, vitamin E, folate, α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, and lycopene were 1.04, 0.98, 1.03, 0.99, 1.16, 1.11, and 1.08, respectively, comparing highest to lowest quintile of intake. Only vitamin C (RR: 0.81, 95 % CI: 0.61–1.07, P-trend = 0.08), and β-cryptoxanthin intake (RR: 0.74, 95 % CI: 0.53–1.03, P-trend < 0.01) were inversely associated with bladder cancer risk. The association with vitamin C disappeared after adjustment for β-cryptoxanthin but not vice versa. The RRs for supplemental use of vitamin A, C or E compared to no use were around unity. We conclude that dietary or supplemental intake of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and intake of folate, and most carotenoids are not associated with bladder cancer. In this study, only β-cryptoxanthin intake appeared to be inversely associated. © 2001 Cancer Researc

Association between the IL6 -174G/C SNP and maximally attained lung function

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Occurence of both bladder and prostate cancer in five cancer registries in Belgium, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom

Objective: To assess the occurrence of both bladder and prostate tumours in five welldefined cancer registries.Methods: Anonymous data were provided from each cancer registry on all male bladder andprostate cancers (invasive and non-invasive). Poisson regression was used to model therate of developing the second primary tumour and generated incidence rate ratios (RRs)with 95% confidence intervals.Results: For bladder cancer and prostate cancer as first diagnosis, there was an excess riskto develop the second neoplasm. The RR decreased with increasing age of the patients. Noeffect of the initial treatment of the first neoplasm was found.Conclusion: This analysis found an excess risk to develop prostate cancer in bladder cancerpatients younger than 70 years and the first year of follow-up after the diagnosis of bladdercancer. This may be due to detection bias, although a common aetiology may also bepresent.status: publishe