62 research outputs found
Radiative CP Phases in Supergravity Theories
In this letter, we point out that possible sources of CP violation originate
from radiative corrections to soft terms which are ubiquitous in supergravity
theories and also in other high-energy frameworks of supersymmetry breaking.
With these radiative phases of gaugino masses and scalar couplings, a complex
phase of Higgs holomorphic mass parameter is generated via
renormalization-group running down to low energy. It is found that its phase
value is mainly controlled by wino as well as gluino, which generally receive
different radiative corrections to their complex phases, even if the leading
part of mass parameters follow from the universality hypothesis. The
radiatively generated phases are constrained by the existing experimental
bounds on electric dipole moments, and may be detectable in future
measurements. They are also found to be available for the cancellation
mechanism to be worked.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, references adde
Low-scale Gaugino Mass Unification
We study a new class of scenarios with the gaugino mass unification at the
weak scale. The general condition is first derived for the unification to
occur. Among the general cases, a particular attention is drawn to the mirage
gauge mediation where the low-energy mass spectrum is governed by the mirage of
unified gauge coupling which is seen by low-energy observers. The gaugino
masses have natural and stable low-scale unification. The mass parameters of
scalar quarks and leptons are given by gauge couplings but exhibit no large
mass hierarchy. They are non-universal even when mediated at the gauge coupling
unification scale. In addition, the gravitino is rather heavy and not the
lightest superparticle. These facts are in contrast to existing gauge and
mirage mediation models. We also present several explicit models for
dynamically realizing the TeV-scale unification.Comment: 31 pages, 1 figure, references adde
Bottom-Up Approach to Moduli Dynamics in Heavy Gravitino Scenario : Superpotential, Soft Terms and Sparticle Mass Spectrum
The physics of moduli fields is examined in the scenario where the gravitino
is relatively heavy with mass of order 10 TeV, which is favored in view of the
severe gravitino problem. The form of the moduli superpotential is shown to be
determined, if one imposes a phenomenological requirement that no physical CP
phase arise in gaugino masses from conformal anomaly mediation. This bottom-up
approach allows only two types of superpotential, each of which can have its
origins in a fundamental underlying theory such as superstring. One
superpotential is the sum of an exponential and a constant, which is identical
to that obtained by Kachru et al (KKLT), and the other is the racetrack
superpotential with two exponentials. The general form of soft supersymmetry
breaking masses is derived, and the pattern of the superparticle mass spectrum
in the minimal supersymmetric standard model is discussed with the KKLT-type
superpotential. It is shown that the moduli mediation and the anomaly mediation
make comparable contributions to the soft masses. At the weak scale, the
gaugino masses are rather degenerate compared to the minimal supergravity,
which bring characteristic features on the superparticle masses. In particular,
the lightest neutralino, which often constitutes the lightest superparticle and
thus a dark matter candidate, is a considerable admixture of gauginos and
higgsinos. We also find a small mass hierarchy among the moduli, gravitino, and
superpartners of the standard-model fields. Cosmological implications of the
scenario are briefly described.Comment: 45 pages, 10 figures, typos correcte
Surgical anatomy of the right hepatic artery in Rouviere’s sulcus evaluated by preoperative multidetector-row CT images
Population Differentiation in the Pacific White-sided Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellite Analyses
We investigated genetic diversity and differentiation of the Pacific white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) in Japanese coastal waters and offshore North Pacific by analyzing mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite variation. A total of 519 bp of the mitochondrial control region was sequenced and five microsatellite locus were genotyped for 59 individuals. A high level of haplotypic diversity (h=96.1%), moderate level of nucleotide diversity (π=1.65%) and average expected heterozygosity (H_[E]=0.66–0.76) were within an extent of those reported for other odontocetes. Consistent genetic difference between the samples from Japanese coastal Pacific-Sea of Japan and offshore North Pacific was indicated by analyses of molecular variance (AMOVAs) based on mtDNA and microsatellite variations, comparison of genetic variabilities, and geographical distributions of mtDNA haplotypes and microsatellite alleles. This result suggests that Pacific white-sided dolphins in each of the above two areas belong to different populations between which gene flow has been severely restricted. The low genetic diversity and mtDNA genealogy of the population in Japanese coastal waters suggest that it originated from a small population that colonized the Sea of Japan or that experienced population reduction when this Sea was isolated from the North Pacific during a glacial period in the Late Pleistocene
気腫性巨大肺嚢胞に合併した原発性肺癌の検討
Operations for emphysematous giant bulla have been performed on 17 patients. Complications of primary lung cancer were observed in four of the 17 patients. All the patients who had such lung cancer were male and heavy smokers. As to histological type, squamous cell carcinoma were found in three patients and undifferentiated cancer of large cell type in one patient. The three had squamous cell carcinoma generated from the bronchus on the central side of the giant bulla, while the large cell carcinoma observed in one patient was generated from the bronchus close to the bulla. In two patients, cancer was generated while bulla was under observation. In one patient, the generation of cancer was found simultaneously with the bulla discovery. In the other patient, cancer was generated after bullectomy. These findings suggest that physicians should always pay careful attention to generation and complication of cancer while treating giant bull
Relationship between Sexual Maturity and Serum and Testis Testosterone Concentrations in Short-finned Pilot Whales <i>Globicephala macrorhynchus</i>
Study on diving behavior of sperm whales using suction cup attached TDR tag: an overview
Studies on diving behavior of marine mammals using data loggers including time depth recorders (TDR) are becoming popular these days. However, cetaceans, which do not come up to the land, have a difficulty in capturing the animal to attach these equipments. This has hindered wide usage of data loggers. Development of the method using suction cup to deploy the tag with data logger directly to swimming animals solved the problem accompanied with capture. We have applied this method to sperm whales off Japan. Sperm whales are thought to have a greatest diving ability among cetaceans but almost nothing is known about their diving behavior. We successfully deployed suction cup attached TDR tags to six whales off the Kumano Coast and the Ogasawara Islands without any intense reactions of the whales. All tags were recovered after they fell off using radio telemetry, and we obtained 1, 9, 13, 14, 17, and 62 hours of diving data. This method proved to be really feasible for studying diving behavior of sperm whales
- …