Magnetic Anisotropy of Fe-Al Alloys

Magnetocrystalline anisotropy K_1 and induced magnetic anisotropy Ku of Fe-Al single crystals containing about 20 at. % Al were measured with a torque meter. The K_1 of the 21.0 at. % Al alloy showed a maximum at 360 K. The behavior of K_1 is explained on the basis that a specimen is in a two-phase state, one of which is disordered matrix having positive K_1 and the other is precipitated Fe_3Al phase having negative K_1. The deviation of Ku from directional order theory is explained by assuming that the shape anisotropy of Fe_3Al particles plays an important role

Hall Effect and Magnetoresistance in Ferromagnetic Amorphous Fe-Co and Fe-Ni Alloys

The magnetoresistance over the temperature range from 77 K to the crystallization temperature and the Hall resistivity at room temperature were measured for the rapidly quenched amorphous alloys (Fe_Co_x)_Si_B_ and (Fe_Ni_x)_Si_B_. The anisotropic magnetoresistance ratio Δρ/ρ in both systems was roughly one order of magnitude smaller than that of crystalline Fe, Co and Ni metals and their alloys, and the normal and anomalous Hall coefficients R_0 and R_s were roughly one or two order of magnitude greater than those of the crystalline metals and alloys. The values of Δρ/ρ and R_0 and R_s monotonically changed with composition x at room temperature. The changes in Δρ/ρ and R_s with composition were compared with those for the Ni-based crystalline alloys on the basis of Berger\u27s theory

On the Relation between K-state and Magnetic Properties in the System of Iron and Aluminium

To make clear the effect of the K-state on the magnetic properties and the residual electric resistance in Fe-Al alloys, measurements were made with the 19.53 at% Al-Fe alloy at liquid He temperature after isothermal annealing at 235℃ for various durations. Slight changes in the magnetic properties were detected by an improved precise apparatus. At the beginning of the annealing, the saturation magnetization increased until it reached the maximum after about 10 min of annealing, and then decreased. After a prolonged annealing, the magnetization and the hysteresis curves became constricted shape of perminvar type. The residual electric resistance at first decreased to the minimum after about 10 min of annealing and then increased, corresponding to the behaviour of the saturation magnetization. All these phenomena can be explained in terms of the existence of FeAl- or Fe_3Al-clusters in the disordered matrix

The Nature of the K-state in the System of Iron and Aluminium

The electrical resistivity and the thermal expansion have been measured with iron-aluminium alloys containing from 9.75 to 11.66% aluminium, by treating them isothermally at the temperatures between 200°and 300℃ and also by cooling them to -183℃ from quenched state, K-state and Fe_3Al-ordered state. According to the results obtained, the alloys containing more than 10.65% aluminium, which show the characteristics of the K-state at first, transform into the Fe_3Al phase after passing through the K-state during the isothermal treatment. Further, the amount of the K-state in the alloys containing from 10.5 to 10.9% aluminium decreases at -183℃, and the alloys of more than 10.9% aluminium show the characteristics of the Fe_3Al phase at that temperature. Thus, it can be concluded that the K-state observed at room temperature is essentially of the Fe_3Al superstructure. However, the alloys containing less than 10.5% aluminium remain as the K-state even at -183℃. The difference in the nature between the alloys containing more and less than 10.5% aluminium remains to be clarified

Different Responses to 5-fluoraouracil in Mutagenicity and Gene Expression between Two Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines with or without TP53 Mutation

Human lymphoblastoid TK6 and WTK-1 cells are widely used to detect mutagens in vitro. TK6 cells have wild-type TP53 alleles, while WTK-1 cells have one allele of mutated TP53. Both cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and gene mutation assay and micronucleus assay were performed to clarify the differential response related to the TP53 gene status. The effects of 5-FU on gene expression were assessed by microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. In WTK-1 cells, 5-FU increased the frequency of cells with micronucleus and mutation. In TK6 cells, frequency of cells with micronucleus was increased but the mutation frequency was not. The cytotoxicity induced by 5-FU was more prominent in TK6 cells than in WTK-1 cells. Analysis of gene expression showed that the genes involved in the TP53 pathway were up-regulated in TK6 cells but not in WTK-1 cells. The differential responses to 5-FU between these cell lines appeared to be due to the difference in the TP53 gene status, thus providing a molecular basis for the bioassays using these cell lines in the toxicology field. Our results indicate that the clinical efficacy of 5-FU chemotherapy may depend on the TP53 genotype

人工距骨併用の人工足関節置換術

AIMS: Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has become the most reliable surgical solution for patients with end-stage arthritis of the ankle. Aseptic loosening of the talar component is the most common complication. A custom-made artificial talus can be used as the talar component in a combined TAA for patients with poor bone stock of the talus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional and clinical outcomes of combined TAA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten patients (two men, eight women; ten ankles) treated using a combined TAA between 2009 and 2013 were matched for age, gender, and length of follow-up with 12 patients (one man, 11 women; 12 ankles) who underwent a standard TAA. All had end-stage arthritis of the ankle. The combined TAA features a tibial component of the TNK ankle (Kyocera, Kyoto, Japan) and an alumina ceramic artificial talus (Kyocera), designed using individualized CT data. The mean age at the time of surgery in the combined TAA and standard TAA groups was 71 years (61 to 82) and 75 years (62 to 82), respectively. The mean follow-up was 58 months (43 to 81) and 64 months (48 to 88), respectively. The outcome was assessed using the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) ankle-hindfoot scale, the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), and the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q). RESULTS: The mean preoperative JSSF score of the combined TAA and standard TAA groups was 44 (sd 11) and 49 (sd 10), respectively. The mean postoperative JSSF scores were 89 (sd 6.1) and 72 (sd 15), respectively. The mean postoperative JSSF score of the combined TAA group was significantly higher (p = 0.0034). The mean preoperative AOS scores for pain and function in the combined TAA and standard TAA groups were 5.8 (sd 3.3) and 5.5 (sd 3.1), and 8.6 (sd 1.3), and 7.1 (sd 2.9), respectively. The mean postoperative AOS scores of pain and function were 2.5 (sd 2.5) and 2.2 (sd 1.9), and 2.5 (sd 3.3) and 3.4 (sd 2.9), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of postoperative AOS scores. The mean postoperative SAFE-Q scores were: for pain, 76 (sd 23) and 70 (sd 23); for physical function, 66 (sd 25) and 55 (sd 27); for social function, 73 (sd 35) and 62 (sd 34); for shoe-related, 73 (sd 19) and 65 (sd 26); and for general health, 78 (sd 28) and 67 (sd 29), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of postoperative SAFE-Q scores. CONCLUSION: Combined TAA resulted in better clinical results than standard TAA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:443-446.博士（医学）・甲第717号・令和元年6月26日This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in "http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.101B4.BJJ-2018-0812.R2

長母趾屈筋と長趾屈筋の分枝形態は超音波画像診断装置にて評価できる

Purpose: Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendons are frequently used in surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the chiasma plantare formation preoperatively. The development of ultrasonography (US) may help the chiasma plantare formation evaluation. The purpose of this study is to prove the usefulness of the US method using cadavers. Methods: Eleven cases (twenty-two ankles) were obtained from Asian adult cadavers. At first, we evaluated and compared the chiasma plantare formation using US. Later, we evaluated that using the findings after dissection as type A (connection from FHL to FDL of the second toe), type B (connection from FHL to the second and third toes), type C (connection from FHL to the second through fourth toes), or type D (connection from FHL to all lesser toes). Results: Chiasma plantare formation was classified as types A and B in fifteen and seven ankles, respectively. After dissection, chiasma plantare formation was classified as types A, B, and C in fourteen, six, and two ankles, respectively. Therefore, there was an 86% similarity between the two methods. Conclusions: Chiasma plantare formation can be reliably and noninvasively evaluated using US. This may be useful for preoperative rehabilitation or surgical procedure planning.博士（医学）・甲第782号・令和3年3月15日© 2021. Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Surgical and radiologic anatomy. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02630-4