On the origin of unusual transport properties observed in densely packed polycrystalline CaAl_{2}

A possible origin of unusual temperature behavior of transport coefficients observed in densely packed polycrystalline CaAl_{2} compound [M. Ausloos et al., J. Appl. Phys. 96, 7338 (2004)] is discussed, including a power-like dependence of resistivity with $\rho \propto T^{-3/4}$ and N-like form of the thermopower. All these features are found to be in good agreement with the Shklovskii-Efros localization scenario assuming polaron-mediated hopping processes controlled by the Debye energy

5-State Rotation-Symmetric Number-Conserving Cellular Automata are not Strongly Universal

We study two-dimensional rotation-symmetric number-conserving cellular automata working on the von Neumann neighborhood (RNCA). It is known that such automata with 4 states or less are trivial, so we investigate the possible rules with 5 states. We give a full characterization of these automata and show that they cannot be strongly Turing universal. However, we give example of constructions that allow to embed some boolean circuit elements in a 5-states RNCA

Effects of Cattle Slurry, Their Solid and Liquid Fractions and Mineral N Fertilizers on Italian Ryegrass and Maize Forage Yield

Solid-liquid slurry separation techniques expand possibilities to improve slurry use efficiency and to reduce its negative environmental impact. These possibilities arise from the different behaviour of the two fractions concerning the release of nutrients, namely nitrogen (N), due to different C:N ratios (≈30 for the solid fraction and ≈7 for the liquid fraction). The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of cattle-slurry and their solid and liquid fractions applied at sowing time of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum cv. Andrea) and forage maize on crop dry matter (DM) yield. In the NW region of Portugal these two crops are the bases of an intensive double forage cropping system with silage maize grown from May to October and Italian ryegrass during the winter season

Sampling system for wheat (Triticum aestivum L) area estimation using digital LANDSAT MSS data and aerial photographs

A procedure to estimate wheat (Triticum aestivum L) area using sampling technique based on aerial photographs and digital LANDSAT MSS data is developed. Aerial photographs covering 720 square km are visually analyzed. To estimate wheat area, a regression approach is applied using different sample sizes and various sampling units. As the size of sampling unit decreased, the percentage of sampled area required to obtain similar estimation performance also decreased. The lowest percentage of the area sampled for wheat estimation with relatively high precision and accuracy through regression estimation is 13.90% using 10 square km as the sampling unit. Wheat area estimation using only aerial photographs is less precise and accurate than those obtained by regression estimation

Irrigated rice area estimation using remote sensing techniques: Project's proposal and preliminary results

The development of a methodology for annual estimates of irrigated rice crop in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using remote sensing techniques is proposed. The project involves interpretation, digital analysis, and sampling techniques of LANDSAT imagery. Results are discussed from a preliminary phase for identifying and evaluating irrigated rice crop areas in four counties of the State, for the crop year 1982/1983. This first phase involved just visual interpretation techniques of MSS/LANDSAT images