Avaliação de cultivares e linhagens de arroz de terras altas visando agricultura familiar no Estado de Goiás.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar cultivares de arroz de terras altas, com boa adaptabilidade afim de selecionar materiais para comporem novos ensaios e unidades demonstrativas em propriedades de pequenos agricultores do Estado de Goiás. Visando atender as caracteristicas de manejo e baixa tecnologia dos pequenos agricultores do Estado de Goiás

Efeito do teor de umidade na germinação in vitro de sementes de banana oriundas de autotetraploide induzido por duplicação dos cromossomos.

O processo de desidratação é um dos pontos cruciais para o sucesso da criopreservação de tecidos vegetais. Pois teores muito baixos levam à desidratação excessiva e morte das células, e aqueles elevados levam a formação de cristais de gelo no interior das células (1)

Physicochemical characterization, microbiological quality and safety, and pharmacological potential of Hancornia speciosa Gomes

Hancornia speciosa Gomes is a fruit tree, commonly known as the mangaba tree, which is widespread throughout Brazil. The leaves of this plant are used in traditional medicine for medicinal purposes. Thus, the objective of this study was to perform a physicochemical characterization, identify the lipophilic antioxidants and fatty acids, and determine the microbiological quality and safety of H. speciosa leaves. In addition, the antioxidant, antimutagenic, and inhibitory activities of the ethanolic extract of H. speciosa leaves (EEHS) against enzymes related to neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, obesity, and diabetes were investigated. Furthermore, this study aimed at assessing the in vivo effects of the EEHS on the glycemia of normoglycemic and diabetic Wistar rats. Physicochemical characterization was performed by colorimetry and gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The total number of colonies of aerobic mesophiles, molds, and yeasts was determined. The total coliforms and Escherichia coli were counted using the SimPlates kit, and sulphite-reducing Clostridium spores were quantified using the sulphite-polymyxin-sulfadiazine agar method. Salmonella spp. were detected using the 1-2 Test. The antioxidant activity of the EEHS was measured by its inhibition of 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride- (AAPH-) induced oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocytes. The antimutagenic activity was determined using the Ames test. The acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, hyaluronidase, lipase, α-amylase, and α-glycosidase enzyme-inhibiting activities were assessed and compared with commercial controls. The in vivo effects of the EEHS were assessed using the oral glucose tolerance test in normoglycemic Wistar rats and measuring the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The results demonstrated physical-chemical parameters of microbiological quality and safety in the leaves of H. speciosa, as well as antioxidant and antimutagenic activities and inhibition of enzymes related to neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, obesity, and diabetes. In in vivo assays, it was shown that the normoglycemic rats challenged with glucose overload show significantly decreased blood glucose levels when treated with the EEHS. Taken together, the results ensure the microbiological quality and safety as well as showing the contents of carotenoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids of H. speciosa leaves. Additionally, the antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, anti-Parkinson’s disease, antiobesity, and antihyperglycemic activities of the EEHS were demonstrated.This work was supported by grants from Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), and PRODER (24.073–A, Portugal).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Animal Performance in Pastures of \u3ci\u3ePanicum maximum\u3c/i\u3e cv. IPR 86 Fertilized with Nitrogen

The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of the IAPAR in Paranavaí– PR, Brazil, from October 1998 to May 1999 to evaluate the response of crossbred steers grazing pastures of Panicum maximum cv. IPR 86 fertilized with four doses of N (0; 150; 300 and 450 kg.ha-1.year). The grass was grazed according to a rotational grazing system with grazing cycles (GCs) of 40 days (grazing period of 5 days and rest period of 35 days). It was used a randomized complete block design, with split-plots, and two replications per treatment, being the N-doses studied in the main plots and the GCs in the sub-plots. The availability of green leaf-blades increased with the increase of N-doses, resulting in 4.09; 8.18; 11.18; and 13.92 steers.ha-1.day-1 and daily LWG of 2.73; 5.25; 7.40; and 9.24 kg.ha-1 when the pastures were fertilized with 0; 150; 300 and 450 kg N.ha-1, respectively. The efficiency of N-utilization was 3.35; 3.11; and 2.89 kg LWG kg.N-1 when the pastures were fertilized with 150; 300; and 450 kg N.ha-1, respectively

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Production of \u3ci\u3ePanicum maximum\u3c/i\u3e cv. IPR 86 under Grazing

The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Paranavaí/IAPAR-PR-Brazil, from October 1998 to May 1999, to evaluate the effects of N fertilization on Panicum maximum cv. IPR 86 pastures. Four doses of N (0; 150; 300; and 450 kg.ha-1.year-1) were applied to pastures under rotational grazing with grazing cycles (GCs) of 40 days (5 days-grazing and 35 days-rest). It was used a randomized complete block design, with split-plots, and two replications per treatment, being the N-doses studied in the main plots and the GCs in the sub-plots. In all GCs the variables dry matter of available green leaf-blades (GLB) and dry matter of stems + leaf sheaths (GSLS) increased linearly (P\u3c 0.01) with the increase in N-doses during a grazing period of 200 days. The average residual GLB and GSLS were 335; 730; 825; and 837, and 104; 1024; 1817; and 2763 kg.ha-1, respectively for the N-treatments of 0; 150; 300; and 400 kg.ha-1

Progresso genético para produtividade e peso de 100 grãos em 14 anos do Programa de Melhoramento de Arroz Irrigado de Minas Gerais.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o progresso genético e ambiental da produtividade e peso de 100 grãos do programa de melhoramento de arroz irrigado do estado de Minas Gerais no período de 1998 a 2012

Produção de leite e consumo de concentrado em búfalas lactantes suplementadas com concentrado à base de torta de cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) e torta de murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru).

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a produção de leite e o consumo de concentrado em búfalas em lactação suplementadas com resíduos agro-industrial, torta de cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) e torta de murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru). A quantidade de concentrado foi administrada com base na produção de leite individual. O delineamento experimental foi o quadrado latino 3 x 3, quatro quadrados, distribuídos de acordo com a data de parição das búfalas. O experimento durou 63 dias, com três períodos de 21 dias, com 10 dias de adaptação inicial e os últimos 11 dias para recolher os resultados. O consumo de suplemento e produção de leite foram avaliados nos últimos sete dias de cada período. Para a análise estatística foi utilizado o modelo misto (PROC MIXED) do SAS (SAS, 1999). Não houve diferença estatística para o consumo de concentrado e produção de leite. As tortas de cupuaçu e de murumuru podem ser usado como suplementação alimentar alternativa em búfalas em lactação, trazendo um desempenho semelhante ao concentrado à base de milho e soj

Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã forage yield under integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems in Brazil.

Integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) systems are increasingly considered for a diversified agricultural production in Brazil. In this study we analysed the forage yield [kg DM ha?1], of Brachiaria brizantha BRS cv. Piat?a for ICLF demonstration plots at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - EMBRAPA, located in Campo Grande-MS, Brazil. The analysed plots with four replicates corresponded to three production systems: Two integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems (ICLF1 and ICLF2) and an integrated crop-livestock system (ICL). The trees (Eucalyptus urograndis) in the ICLF systems were planted in single rows with 2m between tress and 14 or 22m between rows, resulting in 357 trees ha?1 (ICLF1) and 277 trees ha?1 (ICLF2), respectively. The crop component is soy-bean, planted every 4 years. Grass biomass was sampled monthly in a line of five sampling points at equal distance from each other between tree rows to represent the understory shading gradient. Animal feed intake was considered using the moving cages method. During the dry season (June - October) the forage yields between the different treatments didn?t differ significantly from each other (average 5.4 kg DM ha?1). In the rainy season (November - January) the ICLF system had the highest forage yield (ICLF 17.7 > ICL 6.6 kg DM ha?1). Most likely the main reason for these results is due to the management practice. In the dry season the ICLF systems had such a low stocking rate compared to the ICL system, that in the rainy season the ICLF systems were able to exceed the forage production of the ICL system. In the tree plots during the dry season the forage yields along the shading gradient didn?t differ significantly (average 5.3 kg DM ha?1). In the rainy season the points with higher shading (near the tree rows) had lower forage yields (9.9 and 11.8 kg DM ha?1, respectively) than the central points (16.1 kg DM ha?1). The microclimate within the tree plots has a great effect on the forage production. During the dry season the shading effect of the trees on the whole area is more evenly distributed resulting in similar forage yields along the shading gradient

Emergência em campo de híbridos simples de milho superdoce de um cruzamento dialélico.

Para identificar híbridos simples de milho superdoce de elevado poder germinativo, foram avaliados em 1996/97, 45 híbridos simples e 10 linhagens S4, originados de cruzamento dialélico completo, nos municípios de Pesqueira e Vitória de Santo Antão (PE). O delineamento utilizado foi "látice"7 x 8 com duas repetições por local. Foram estimados os efeitos da capacidade geral (CGC) e específica (CEC) de combinação para o caráter. A análise conjunta de variância mostrou alta significância de linhagens, de híbridos e capacidades combinatórias. Houve interação significativa de CGC e CEC (P<0,01) com os locais. Nas análises individuais, as estimativas dos quadrados médios de linhagens, híbridos e das estimativas da CGC e CEC foram também significativas (P<0,01). A magnitude relativa da CGC e CEC mostraram predominância dos efeitos gênicos aditivos. A percentagem média de emergência foi de 40,4% e 56,5% em Pesqueira e Vitória de Santo Antão, respectivamente. Em Pesqueira, os híbridos L3 x L6 e L3 x L7 foram os mais favoráveis em aumentar o valor do caráter, enquanto que em Vitória de Santo Antão os melhores foram L1 x L10 e L3 x L5

Eficiência de substratos orgânicos na aclimatização de Heliconia psittacorum L.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de três substratos orgânicos (casca de arroz carbonizada, pó de casca de coco seco e pó de casca de coco verde) e dois adubos (Vitasolo. e húmus de minhoca) na aclimatização de plântulas de Heliconia psittacorum, provenientes da micropropagação. Aos 75 dias, avaliou-se a altura das plantas, o diâmetro do pseudocaule, o número de folhas e a área da terceira folha. A casca de arroz foi mais eficiente que o pó de casca de coco, verde ou seco; o pó de casca de coco verde foi mais eficiente que o pó de casca de coco seco; e o húmus foi mais eficiente que o Vitasolo (marca registrada).bitstream/item/24726/1/bpd28-heliconia.pd