Electronic properties of curved graphene sheets

A model is proposed to study the electronic structure of slightly curved graphene sheets with an arbitrary number of pentagon-heptagon pairs and Stone-Wales defects based on a cosmological analogy. The disorder induced by curvature produces characteristic patterns in the local density of states that can be observed in scanning tunnel and transmission electron microscopy.Comment: Corrected versio

Estado nutricional e teor de glicosídeos cianogênicos em plantas de seringueira.

A presença de altos teores de glicosídeos cianogênicos pode predispor a planta ao secamento de painel. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência do estado nutricional na formação dos glicosídeos cianogênicos na seringueira, utilizando dois experimentos: a) jardim clonal com copa de híbridos de Hevea pauciflora e H. guianensis var. marginata (CPAA C 01) e de H. rigidifolia (CPAA C 81); e b) viveiro com H. brasiliensis. No jardim clonal foram coletadas ao acaso, folhas de 23 plantas, enquanto no viveiro, foi realizado experimento em delineamento inteiramente casualisado com cinco repetições, com tratamentos em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, com duas doses de nitrogênio - N (0,8 e 1,6%, fonte: uréia) e quatro de manganês - Mn (0, 10, 50 e 100 mg kg-1). Na seringueira, independentemente da idade e da espécie de Hevea, os teores foliares de N, Mn e clorofila tiveram correlação positiva com o HCNp das folhas novas e diagnóstico, podendo assim serem utilizados em futuros processos de seleção. Em concentrações baixas de N (0,8%), as doses de Mn influenciaram a absorção de N, P, K, Ca, S, Fe e Mn pelas plantas de seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis), na fase de viveiro. Nutritional status and glycoside cyanogenic concentration in rubber tree plants. The presence of high cyanogenic glycosides concentrations may predispose plant to the tapping panel dryness (TPD). The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of nutritional status in formation of cyanogenic glycosides in rubber tree. Two experiments were carried out: a) clonal nursery with crow clones hybrids of Hevea pauciflora x H. guianensis var. Marginata (CPAA C 01) and H. rigidifolia (CPAA C 81); and b) nursery with H. brasiliensis. In clonal nursery, twenty three foliar samples were collected, while in nursery, the experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 2 x 4 with five replicates. Two nitrogen doses (0.8 and 1.6%, urea as source) and four manganese doses (0, 10, 50 and 100 mg kg-1, MnSO4 as source) were used. Regardless of age and species of Hevea, only the N, chlorophyll and Mn concentrations showed relationship with the HCNp in young leaves. These variables should be used in future selection processes. At low N (0.8%) concentration, the Mn doses influenced the N, P, K, Ca, S, Fe and Mn uptake by rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in the nursery condition

Agrotóxicos: avaliação ambiental.

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Vibratory signals of four neotropical stink bug species.

The stink bugs Acrosternum impicticorne, Euschistus heros, Piezodorus guildinii and Thyanta perditor (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) feed and mate on the same host plants and constitute major components of the soybean pest complex in Brazil. During mating, they communicate with species and sex-specific vibratory signals whose spectral properties are characteristic of the subfamily Pentatominae. Songs differ between species in the time structure and amplitude modulation of their units. The repertoire of A. impicticorne, E. heros and T. perditor fits into the scheme described for most investigated stink bugs: females call with a sequence of pulses that differ between species in their duration and repetition rate, and males respond with courtship songs of species-specific temporal structure and amplitude modulation of complex pulse trains. Female calling and male courtship songs are the main constituents of vibratory communication between sexes in the mating period. The other vibratory emissions appear to represent either transitional songs, support recognition during close-range courtship, or are involved in male rivalry. The first recorded vibratory emissions of P. guildinii confirm that the genus Piezodorus represents an exception within the Pentatominae. Irregularly repeated female vibratory signals of P. guildinii do not trigger typical male courtship responses as they would in the small stink bugs Holcostethus strictus and Murgantia histrionica. On the other hand, complex rivalry with extensive frequency modulation of pulses, as also described in Piezodorus lituratus, opens a new insight into the role of vibratory communication in stink bug

Vibratory communication and its relevance to reproductive isolation in two sympatric stink bug species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae).

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Desempenho reprodutivo de novilhas de corte expostas a diferentes métodos de bioestimulação.

Nota breve