Further observations on the packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration in cattle naturally infected with <i>Fasciola gigantica</i>

The changes on packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) in zebu cattle infected with Fasciola gigantica were studied in two age and two season groups during the period from November 1999 to June 2000. Eighty-eight selected cattle were divided into two age groups, 2.5 to 5.5 years (n = 44; 22 infected &amp; 22 uninfected control) and 6.0 to 9.0 years (n = 44; 22 + 22 cattle), and similarly two seasons, winter (n = 22 + 22) and summer (n = 22 + 22) were used for this study. Blood samples were collected in glass vials contained EDTA anticoagulant for each age group of all animals in summer and winter seasons. PCV was determined using microhematocrit and Hb concentration by cyanomethemoglobin methods. The PCV of F. gigantica infected cattle were significantly (p &lt; 0.01) lower than the non-infected control animals. The average PCV obtained were 24.43% and 32.33% for F. gigantica infected and non-infected cattle, respectively. The Hb concentrations of infected cattle were significantly (p &lt; 0.01) lower than the non-infected control animals. The average Hb values found were 7.59 and 10.13 g% for F. gigantica infected and noninfected cattle, respectively. There was no significant effect of age and season on the values of PCV and Hb concentrations in infected and non-infected cattle.Key words: Zebu cattle; Fasciola gigantica; packed cell volume; haemoglobin concentrationdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2553Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 125-127</jats:p

PATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF LIVER FLUKE INFECTION OF SLAUGHTERED BLACK BENGAL GOAT IN A SELECTED AREA OF BANGLADESH

This study was conducted in Sylhet district of Bangladesh to investigate the pathological effect of liver fluke in Black Bengal goats of different age groups, sex and in seasons. In this study, livers of male and female goats were collected randomly from slaughter house during a period of 1 (one) year (November, 2007 to October, 2008). A total of 325 Black Bengal goat livers were examined, of which 70 livers were found infected with Fasciola gigantica. The common histopathological changes found in this study were the migratory tract with lymphocytic infiltration, atrophy, necrosis and fatty changes in the liver. The study revealed that age of the animal has significant effect on Fascioliasis in goats. Significantly (P&lt;0.01) highest infection rate was found in 2-2.5 years old animals (50%). The sex of the animal was also found as important determinants for Fascioliasis. In this study out of 219 male goat livers 30 (13.70%) were infected with Fasciola. On the other hand, out of 106 female goat livers, 40 (37.73%) were found positive with Fascioliasis. The data of origin of animals also collected which was not statistically significant. DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v8i1.7717 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 35-40</jats:p

Investigation of constraints to health and production of cattle in North-East Bangladesh

The study was designed to investigate the constraints to health and productivity of dairy farms and their possible remedies in Sadar Upazila (sub-district) of Sylhet, Sreemangal Upazila at Moulavi Bazar, Chatak and South Sunamgonj Upazila at Sunamgonj districts. Ninety dairy farms including marginal and small (2-10 cows), medium (11-25 cows) and large (&gt;25 cows) of urban, suburban and rural areas were randomly selected for multistage sampling. Farmers were interviewed using pre-tested questionnaire. The major constraints were high price of concentrate, poor knowledge of feeding, scarcity of forage, weak recording system, cost of high yielding well-adapted milking cows, prolonged postpartum anoestrus, repeat breeding, incorrect timing of AI, mastitis, low pregnancy rate, lack of milk co-operative, weak milk marketing and high veterinary cost. To overcome the current situation government should give incentives on cattle feed and credit facility with soft interest to the farmers; DLS and other organizations should arrange effective training on dairy farm management. The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2020) 37(1 - 2): 1-13</jats:p

Analyzing chronic disease biomarkers using electrochemical sensors and artificial neural networks

Chronic diseases are persistent health conditions that affect our quality of life, increase morbidity and mortality, and are a global challenge. Further, the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases requires the development of new methods for the early detection of these disease-specific biomarkers. Here, we provide a concise review of the chronic disease biomarkers acquired by electrochemical sensors. Then, we discuss the potential of artificial neural networks on the sensed data for disease monitoring and management. Next, we describe risk factors, causes, pathophysiological processes, and severity of chronic diseases. This is followed with a careful review of how we can use the sensed chronic disease biomarkers and clinical symptoms as features for the machine learning algorithms. Finally, we discuss how uncovered patterns in the biosensors’ data using artificial neural networks can be used to predict and diagnose chronic diseases. We believe this review will help in developing artificial neural network-based innovative analytical tools for chronic diseases and other healthcare applications in future