28 research outputs found
Rates of IUCD discontinuation and its associated factors among the clients of a social franchising network in Pakistan
Background: Modern Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is very safe, highly effective reversible and inexpensive family planning method which offers 5-10 years of protection against pregnancy. The contraceptive use in Pakistan has been merely 30% for over a decade with IUCD being the least used method. Higher discontinuation rates are documented in developing countries; however no such data is available for Pakistan. Marie Stopes Society (MSS) established a social franchise outlets network branded as \u27SURAJ\u27 (Sun) in Pakistan to provide quality family planning services. This study attempts to determine IUCD discontinuation rates and its associated risk factors. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 3000 clients who availed IUCD services from Suraj provider 6, 12 and 24 month back,. Data were analyzed in SPSS 17.0; adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated to see associations between discontinuation and its risk factors.Case presentation: We found that 22.7% of the IUCD acceptors experienced some health problem; while the overall discontinuation rate was 18.9% with average time of usage of 7.4 (SD ± 5.8) months before discontinuation. Half of them showed health concerns (49.8%); of which a majority (70.2%) returned to Suraj provider for IUCD removal. Women living in Punjab, residing at a travelling time of 30-60 minutes and no previous use of contraceptive are more likely to discontinue IUCD. However, among total women 81.7% still expressed willingness to avail IUCD services from Suraj provider in future, if needed.Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for training the providers and field workers to prevent early discontinuation of IUCD among the Suraj clients and by addressing the health concerns through proper counseling, continued follow-up and immediate medical aid/referral in case of complications
Street crossing behavior in younger and older pedestrians: an eye- and head-tracking study
Phytotoxicity of Alachlor, Bromacil and Diuron as single or mixed herbicides applied to wheat, melon, and molokhia
A prospective observational description of frequency and timing of antenatal care attendance and coverage of selected interventions from sites in Argentina, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan and Zambia
Engineering the Environment c.1900–1970: Congestion, Meters and Redefining the Urban Landscape
The Challenge of Automobility and the Response of Policing in Britain: An Overview of a New Vista
Magnetic properties of Sn-substituted Ni–Zn ferrites synthesized from nano-sized powders of NiO, ZnO, Fe 2
Interprofessionelle Kommunikationsprozesse – schwierige Gesprächssituationen mit Patientinnen und Patienten
ISSN:0935-7335ISSN:1437-161
A serum substitute for fed-batch culturing of hybridoma cells
We developed a substitute for serum to produce fed-batch cultures of hybridoma cells in serum-free medium and confirmed that the cells could be successfully cultivated this way. Our substitute consisted of 12 components. The specific production rates of lactate and ammonia, which are harmful byproducts from the cells, were significantly reduced compared with a conventional serum-containing batch culture. This reduction led to a higher cell concentration and a longer production lifetime. As a result, the final concentration of monoclonal antibody was 400Â mg/L, or five times greater than that in the conventional serum-containing batch culture. The developed substitute is expected to enable fed-batch cultivation in a serum-free condition